Allergic contact dermatitis to phenylephrine eye drops in an infant.

Ophthalmic medications used for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes are common causes of allergic contact dermatitis around the eyes. We report a case of periocular allergic contact dermatitis due to tropicamide and phenylephrine eye drops in a 1-year-old infant.

Striae Distensae Treatment Review and Update.

Striae distansae (SD) or stretch marks are very common, asymptomatic, skin condition frequently seen among females between 5 to 50 years of ages. It often causes cosmetic morbidity and psychological distress, particularly in women and in certain professions where physical appearances have significant importance. Of late, with the increasing emphasis on cosmetic management and awareness, patients approach dermatologists for stretch marks treatment. However, despite several advances, no fully effective treatment has emerged. Unfortunately, there is paucity of the strong evidence in the literature for the effective treatment of striae. A literature search using the terms 'striae distansae (SD or stretch marks' was carried out in the PubMed, Google Scholar and Medline databases. Only articles related to the treatment were considered and analysed for their data. Commonly cited treatments include topical treatments like tretinoin, glycolic acid, ascorbic acid and various lasers including (like) carbon dioxide, Er:YAG, diode, Q-switched Nd:YAG, pulse dye and excimer laser. Other devices like radiofrequency, phototherapy and therapies like platelet rich plasma, chemical peeling, microdermabrasion, needling, carboxytherapy and galvanopuncture have also been used with variable success. This article reviews all currently accepted modalities and their effectiveness in the treatment of stretch marks.

Atypical Presentation of Sweat Dermatitis with Review of Literature.

Sweat dermatitis is a peculiar kind of irritant inflammatory dermatoses occurring due to prolonged exposure of retained sweat over the skin. It is commonly seen in hot and dry climates like tropics during summer months due to thermal stress. Typically, parchment paper or cellophane paper like scaling is seen over occluded areas of back, shoulder, and other areas. Here we have reported a varied presentation of sweat dermatitis in the form of its coexistence with miliaria rubra (impending to thermal burn). Further we have also observed co existing pityriasis versicolor and sweat dermatitis where the former has prevented the development of latter. Till date there is very little discussion on this condition, so we have tried to provide a concise review about sweat dermatitis along with its classical to atypical presentation with special emphasis on dermoscopy.

Changing incidence of nevirapine-induced cutaneous drug reactions: After revised guideline Nov 2011.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To study the change in the incidence and pattern of nevirapine (NVP)-induced adverse cutaneous reactions (ADR) after commencement of revised National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO) guidelines for initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) since Nov 2011. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on patients who developed cutaneous reactions after starting NVP based regimen. According to the revised NACO ART initiation guidelines Nov 2011, ART should be started if CD4 count is < 350 cells/mm(3) in stages 1, and 2 and irrespective of CD4 count in stages 3, and 4. Patients were divided in groups A and B. Group A consisted of patients enrolled on NVP-based regimen during Jan 2011 to Oct 2011, whereas, in Group B patients from Nov 2011 to Aug 2012 were included. Grading of rash, appropriate investigations and management was done. OBSERVATIONS: In Group A, out of 645 patients 30 (4.66%) patients developed cutaneous reactions, where as in Group B out of 720, 65 (9.03%) patients presented with drug reaction. In Group A (n = 30) developed reaction as Grade 1 in 1.55% (n = 10), Grade 2 in 1.86% (n = 12), grades 3 and 4 in 0.76% (n = 5) and 0.47% (n = 3), respectively. In Group B (n = 65) developed reaction, out of which Grade 1 reaction was seen in 1.39% (n = 10), Grade 2 was seen in 2.78% (n = 20), grades 3 and 4 was seen in 3.33% (n = 24) and, 1.53% (n = 11), respectively. CONCLUSION: There is a striking increase in the incidence of NVP-induced cutaneous reactions of all forms and considerable increase in frequency of severe kind of reactions with the revised guidelines.