Association between positive control in self-perceptions of aging and motoric cognitive risk syndrome among Chinese community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Self-perceptions of aging (SPA) are important psychosocial factors that lead to a wide range of outcomes including dementia. However, the relationships between positive SPA and motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) which is a predementia syndrome are still unknown. This study aimed to reveal the associations of positive control and aging awareness of SPA with the risk of MCR and its components. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was conducted among 1137 Chinese community-dwelling older adults. Positive control and aging awareness were defined by two dimensions of SPA (Positive control and Timeline chronic). MCR was determined according to definition. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the associations. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of MCR was 11.5% (mean age = 71.62 ± 5.22). After adjusting for depression, anxiety, and cognitive function, positive control was associated with reduced risk of MCR (OR = 0.624, 95% CI 0.402-0.969, P = 0.036), subjective cognitive complaints (SCC) (OR = 0.687, 95% CI 0.492-0.959, P = 0.027), and gait speed (GS) (OR = 0.377, 95% CI 0.197-0.720, P = 0.003), respectively. Aging awareness was merely related to increased risk of MCR (OR = 1.386, 95% CI 1.062-1.810, P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the crucial associations of positive control and aging awareness with MCR and its components. Our results emphasize that positive belief in control and adaptive aging awareness might be promising targets for preventing MCR.

A novel approach for studying mast cell-driven disorders: Mast cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells.

BACKGROUND: Mast cells (MCs) are considered the main effectors in allergic reactions and well known for their contribution to the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases, urticaria, and mastocytosis. To study their functions in vitro, human primary MCs are isolated directly from several tissues or differentiated from hematopoietic progenitors. However, these techniques bear several disadvantages and challenges including low proliferation capacity, donor-dependent heterogeneity, and the lack of a continuous cell source. OBJECTIVE: To address this, we developed a novel strategy for the rapid and efficient differentiation of MCs from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). METHODS: A 4-step protocol for the generation of hiPSC-derived MCs, based on the use of 3 hiPSC lines, was established and validated by comparison with human skin MCs and peripheral hematopoietic stem cell-derived MCs. RESULTS: hiPSC-MCs share phenotypic and functional characteristics of human skin MCs and peripheral hematopoietic stem cell-derived MCs. They display stable expression of the MC-associated receptors CD117, FcεRIα, and Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X2 and degranulate in response to IgE/anti-IgE and substance P. CONCLUSIONS: This novel hiPSC-based approach provides a sustainable and homogeneous source for a rapid and highly productive generation of phenotypically mature, functional MCs, and its principle allows for the investigation of disease- and patient-specific MC populations.

Two New C18 -Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Aconitum leucostomum Worosch.

Two new lappaconitine-type C18 -diterpenoid alkaloids, named as leucostosines C (1) and D (2), together with six known compounds (3-8), were isolated from the roots of Aconitum leucostomum Worosch. Their structures were elucidated by various spectroscopic analyses, including IR, HR-ESI-MS, NMR spectra and X-ray experiments. Leucostosine C is the first diterpenoid alkaloid bearing the 7-amino group. The isolated compounds were tested for the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory effect and neuroprotective activity, none of them showed significant activities.

JAZ1-3 and MYC2-1 Synergistically Regulate the Transformation from Completely Mixed Flower Buds to Female Flower Buds in Castanea mollisima.

Chestnut (Castanea mollisima) is an important woody food crop, but its yield has been low in cultivation, mainly due to the problems of fewer female flowers and more male flowers. Therefore, regulating the transition of chestnut flowers and effectively balancing the proportion of male and female to improve the yield are key factor to be solved in production. In this study, the chestnut floral buds in pre- and post-winter were used as materials. The data of metabolites, hormones, and gene expression during flower bud differentiation of chestnut were analyzed by transcriptomics and metabolomics to preliminarily reveal the possible reason of male and female flower bud transformation in pre- and post-winter. The analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) showed that there were 6323 DEGs in the Complete mixed flower bud (CMF) group in pre- and post-winter, of which 3448 genes were up-regulated and 2875 genes were down-regulated. There were 8037 DEGs in the Incomplete mixed flower bud (IMF) in pre- and post-winter, of which 4546 genes were up-regulated and 3491 genes were down-regulated. A total of 726 genes from the two flower buds were enriched into 251 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways in post winter, of which plant hormone signal transduction accounted for 4.13%. The analysis results of differential metabolites showed that the differential metabolites of the two flower buds were mainly concentrated in the secondary metabolic synthesis pathway. The difference of hormone content showed that the content of Gibberellin 9 (GA9) and GA19 in CMF was higher than that in IMF in pre-winter, but the opposite in post-winter. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) content was only very high in CMF in pre-winter, while Jasmonoyl-(l)-Isoleucine (JA-ILE) showed high content in CMF in post-winter. In post-winter, higher concentration of JA-ILE was positively correlated with the expression of Flowering Locus T (CmFT), and CmFT gene was significantly positively correlated with the expression levels of MYC2-1, MYC2-2 and LFY 3 (LEAFY 3). The higher concentration of JA-ILE was negatively correlated with the transcription level of JAZ1-3. In vitro experiments further verified that Jasmonate-Zim 1-3 (JAZ 1-3) combined with MYC2-1 inhibited the transcription of CmFT gene, while MYC2-1 alone promoted the expression of FT. The results suggested that a higher concentration of GA is conducive to breaking the dormancy of flower buds and promoting the development of male flower buds, while a lower concentration of GA and a higher concentration of JA-ILE are conducive to the differentiation and formation of female flower buds in post-winter, in which JAZ1-3 and MYC2-1 play a key role in the differentiation of female flower buds of chestnut.

The chloroplast genome of Rosa rugosa × Rosa sertata (Rosaceae): genome structure and comparative analysis.

Rosa rugosa × Rosa sertata, which belongs to the family Rosaceae, is one of the native oil-bearing roses in China. Most research has focused on its essential oil components and medicinal values. However, there have been few studies about its chloroplast genome. In this study, the whole chloroplast genome of R. rugosa × R. sertata was sequenced, analyzed, and compared to other genus Rosa species. The chloroplast genome of R. rugosa × R. sertata is a circular structure and 157,120 bp in length. The large single copy and small single copy is 86,173 bp and 18,743 bp in size, respectively, and the inverted repeats are 26,102 bp in size. The GC content of the whole genome is 37.96%, while those of regions of LSC, SSC, and IR are 35.20%, 31.18%, and 42.73%, respectively. There are 130 different genes annotated in this chloroplast genome, including 84 protein coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, 8 rRNA genes, and 1 pseudogene. Phylogenetic analysis of 19 species revealed that R. rugosa × R. sertata belong to the Sect. Cinnamomeae. Overall, this study, providing genomic resources of R. rugosa × R. sertata, will be beneficial for species identification and biological research.

Latent profile analysis of self-perceptions of ageing among Chinese community-dwelling older adults.

BACKGROUND: Self-perceptions of ageing (SPA) is an important predictor for physical and mental health of older adults in successful ageing. SPA is mainly studied from negative or positive perspectives using variable-centred methodologies. The aim of the current study was to explore distinct profiles of SPA among Chinese community-dwelling older adults using a person-centred method and validate the SPA profiles by examining associations with psychological outcomes. METHODS: Participants aged 65 and over were randomly divided into test and validation samples (n = 451, respectively). SPA was measured by the Brief Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire using latent profile analysis. RESULTS: Three SPA profiles were identified. One adaptive subgroup was designated as 'Low ageing awareness and high positive control' (LAPC, 84.7% and 75% in both samples, respectively). Two maladaptive SPA subgroups were designated as 'Low positive consequences and control' (LPCC, 3.9% and 8.2% in both samples, respectively), and 'High ageing awareness and negative control' (HANC, 11.4% and 16.8% in both samples, respectively). Similar to negative/positive SPA, the HANC and LAPC subgroups showed the highest and lowest levels of depressive symptoms and cognitive decline. Low cognitive function was found in the LPCC subgroup. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the heterogeneity of older adults' SPA. SPA profiles may aid community healthcare providers in China to identify individuals with high risk of maladaptive SPA and to tailor targeted interventions for psychological health in later life. Distinct SPA profiles require different interventions targeting negative or positive control or both aspects. More positive control strategies might be beneficial for cognitive functioning in older adults from the LPCC subgroup.

The role of mRNA in the development, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of neural tumors.

Neural tumors can generally be divided into central nervous system tumors and peripheral nervous tumors. Because this type of tumor is located in the nerve, even benign tumors are often difficult to remove by surgery. In addition, the majority of neural tumors are malignant, and it is particular the same for the central nervous system tumors. Even treated with the means such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, they are also difficult to completely cure. In recent years, an increasingly number of studies have focused on the use of mRNA to treat tumors, representing an emerging gene therapy. The use of mRNA can use the expression of some functional proteins for the treatment of genetic disorders or tissue repair, and it can also be applied to immunotherapy through the expression of antigens, antibodies or receptors. Therefore, although these therapies are not fully-fledged enough, they have a broad research prospect. In addition, there are many ways to treat tumors using mRNA vaccines and exosomes carrying mRNA, which have drawn much attention. In this study, we reviewed the current research on the role of mRNA in the development, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of neural tumors, and examine the future research prospects of mRNA in neural tumors and the opportunities and challenges that will arise in the future application of clinical treatment.

Four New Diterpenoid Alkaloids from The Roots of Aconitum coreanum.

Four new hetisine-type C20 -diterpenoid alkaloids, named as coreanines A-D (1-4), were isolated from the roots of Aconitum coreanum, together with thirteen known alkaloids (5-17). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods including IR, HR-ESI-MS and NMR techniques. All the isolated compounds were screened for the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory effects, and none of them showed considerable inhibitory activity.

Early administration of amino acids with different doses in low birth weight premature infants.

BACKGROUND: The reasonable use of amino acids (AAs) in parenteral nutrition (PN) is very critical to the growth and development of premature infants. However, the appropriate dose of AAs has not been determined. Our study was designed to investigate the clinical effect of two different doses of AAs in PN for low birth weight premature infants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This randomized controlled study included 191 preterm infants who admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from June 2015 to December 2016 and they were randomly divided into Group 1 (n = 81) and Group 2 (n = 110). In Group 1, the starting dose of AAs dose was 1.0-1.5 g/kg/day, which was increased by 0.5 g/kg with the maximum dose at 3.5 g/kg/day. In Group 2, the starting dose of AAs was 1.8-2.5 g/kg/day and was increased by 1.0 g/kg with the maximum dose at 4.0-4.5 g/kg/day. We analyzed the clinical characteristics, body weight, body length, total calorie intake, nonprotein calorie intake, total protein intake, liver and kidney function, and complications of the two groups of preterm infants. RESULTS: The start of enteral feeding and the recovery of birth weight in Group 2 were earlier than those in Group 1 (3.83 ± 3.15 day vs. 5.53 ± 5.63 day, P = 0.016 and 6.36 ± 4.88 day vs. 8.48 ± 9.27 day, P = 0.043, respectively). The duration of PN and the time before total enteral nutrition were shorter in Group 2 than in Group 1 (16.46 ± 10.33 day vs. 21.41 ± 18.00 day, P = 0.029 and 15.47 ± 10.54 day vs. 19.47 ± 14.57 day, P = 0.038; respectively). The duration of mechanical ventilation (1.12 ± 2.62 day vs. 3.31 ± 8.13 day, P = 0.028) in Group 2 was shorter than that in Group 1. CONCLUSION: High doses of AAs in the early PN for preterm infants facilitate the promotion of early growth and development, advance recovery of birth weight, reduce the duration of PN, and reduce respiratory support without increasing the incidence of complications.

20-Hydroxy-3-Oxolupan-28-Oic Acid Attenuates Inflammatory Responses by Regulating PI3K⁻Akt and MAPKs Signaling Pathways in LPS-Stimulated RAW264.7 Macrophages.

20-Hydroxy-3-oxolupan-28-oic acid (HOA), a lupane-type triterpene, was obtained from the leaves of Mahonia bealei, which is described in the Chinese Pharmacopeia as a remedy for inflammation and related diseases. The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of HOA, however, have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the molecular mechanisms of HOA in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. HOA suppressed the release of nitric oxide (NO), pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages without affecting cell viability. Quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis indicated that HOA also suppressed the gene expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), TNF-α, and IL-6. Further analyses demonstrated that HOA inhibited the phosphorylation of upstream signaling molecules, including p85, PDK1, Akt, IκBα, ERK, and JNK, as well as the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65. Interestingly, HOA had no effect on the LPS-induced nuclear translocation of activator protein 1 (AP-1). Taken together, these results suggest that HOA inhibits the production of cytokine by downregulating iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-6 gene expression via the downregulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and the inhibition of NF-κB activation. Our findings indicate that HOA could potentially be used as an anti-inflammatory agent for medical use.

Gender differences in emotion experience perception under different facial muscle manipulations.

According to embodied emotion theory, facial manipulations should modulate and initiate particular emotions. However, whether there are gender differences in emotion experience perception under different facial muscle manipulations is not clear. Therefore, we conducted two behavioral experiments to examine gender differences in emotional perception in response to facial expressions (sad, neutral, and happy) under three conditions: (1) holding a pen using only the teeth (HPT), which facilitates the muscles typically associated with smiling; (2) holding a pen using only the lips (HPL), which inhibits the muscles typically associated with smiling; and (3) a control condition--hold no pen (HNP). We found that HPT made the emotional feelings more positive, and that the change degree of female's ratings of sad facial expressions between conditions (HPL to HPT) was larger than males'. These results suggested cognition can be affected by the interaction of the stimuli and the body, especially the female.

Longitudinal analysis of the mediating role of self-perception of aging in the relationship between frailty and intrinsic capacity: A cross-lagged mediation model.

OBJECTIVES: The causal relationship between intrinsic capacity and frailty in older adults, as well as the underlying temporal mechanisms, remained poorly understood. The study aimed to investigate the causal association between intrinsic capacity and frailty while exploring the potential mediating role of self-perception of aging. MEASUREMENTS: A survey was conducted with a sample of 429 participants who completed measures of intrinsic capacity, self-perception of aging, and frailty at baseline and were followed for one year. The relationships between these variables were assessed using an autoregressive cross-lagged model. RESULTS: The study found reciprocal associations between intrinsic capacity and frailty (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the results indicated that self-perception of aging partially mediated the effect of frailty at baseline (T1) on intrinsic capacity at one-year follow-up (T2) (ß = -0.02, confidence interval: [-0.055, -0.004]). However, the reverse causation was not observed. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: This study demonstrates a bidirectional causal relationship between intrinsic capacity and frailty in older adults. Self-perception of aging plays a significant mediating role in this relationship. Older adults with a worse level of frailty should be made aware of the potentially vicious cycle related to self-perception of aging, which can negatively affect their intrinsic capacity. Maintaining a positive self-perception of aging may help preserve physical and psychological reserves, maintain intrinsic capacity, and slow the decline of frailty.

Electrophysiological indexes of ingroup bias in a group Stroop task: Evidence from an event-related potential study.

Although cognitive system assigns higher attentional resources to ingroup information than outgroup information, but it is unclear whether the ingroup bias can be measured by the processes that are related to allocation of attentional resources to ingroup information. Thus, a group Stroop task was developed to study the issues combining with event-related potential (ERP) technique in this study. Specifically, 34 subjects (17 female, mean age = 20.76 ±â€¯1.26) were firstly divided into blue or red group (17 subjects for each group); then they were asked to categorize four words of Stroop task into "our team" or "other team" based on the ink color (blue/red) of the words whose meaning were also red/blue. The behavioral results showed that outgroup ink color processing was interfered by ingroup word meaning, but the ingroup ink color processing was less/not interfered by outgroup word meaning. The ERP results showed that the amplitude of frontal N100 was enhanced when more attentional resources were automatically captured by ingroup information in early stage than outgroup information; P2/N2 amplitude was reduced or enhanced when outgroup information processing was interfered by ingroup information; enhanced P3b amplitude reflected that attention could be more easily allocated to ingroup information than outgroup information based on target. This study implied a novel direction to study the neural basis of ingroup bias by investigating the roles of ingroup bias in assigning attentional resources to group information.

TRIM25-mediated ubiquitination of G3BP1 regulates the proliferation and migration of human neuroblastoma cells.

Neuroblastoma is one of the most severe malignant tumors and accounts for substantial cancer-related mortality in children. Ras-GTPase-activating protein SH3 domain-binding protein 1 (G3BP1) is highly expressed in various cancers and acts as an important biomarker of poor prognosis. The ablation of G3BP1 inhibited the proliferation and migration of human SHSY5Y cells. Because of its important role in neuroblastoma, the regulation of G3BP1 protein homeostasis was probed. TRIM25, which belongs to the tripartite motif (TRIM) family of proteins, was identified as an interacting partner for G3BP1 using the yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) method. TRIM25 mediates the ubiquitination of G3BP1 at multiple sites and stabilizes its protein level. Then, our study found that TRIM25 knockdown also inhibited the proliferation and migration of neuroblastoma cells. The TRIM25 and G3BP1 double knockdown SHSY5Y cell line was generated, and double knockdown cells exhibited lower proliferation and migration ability than cells with only TRIM25 or G3BP1 knockdown. Further study demonstrated that TRIM25 promotes the proliferation and migration of neuroblastoma cells in a G3BP1-dependent manner. Tumor xenograft assays indicated that the ablation of TRIM25 and G3BP1 synergistically suppressed the tumorigenicity of neuroblastoma cells in nude mice, and TRIM25 promoted the tumorigenicity of G3BP1 intact SHSY5Y cells but not G3BP1 knockout cells. Thus, TRIM25 and G3BP1, two oncogenic genes, are suggested as potential therapeutic targets for neuroblastoma.

MKRN1/2 serve as tumor suppressors in renal clear cell carcinoma by regulating the expression of p53.

BACKGROUND: Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) belongs to renal cell carcinoma which is a very aggressive malignant tumor with poor prognosis and high mortality. The MKRN family includes three members MKRN1, MKRN2 and MKRN3, which are closely related to cancers, and have been involved in many studies. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the roles of MKRN family in KIRC. METHODS: The expression of MKRNs was analyzed using the UALCAN database, prognostic analysis was performed with the GEPIA2 and Kaplan-Meier Plotter database, and correlation analysis was assessed by GEPIA2. The CCK-8 and colony formation assay were performed to detect cell proliferation, wound healing assays were performed to detect cell migration, cell cycles were detected by flow cytometry analysis, GST pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation assays were performed to detect the interaction of proteins, and the expression of MKRNs, p53 and other proteins were detect by immunoblotting analysis or quantitative PCR (qPCR). RESULTS: MKRN1 and MKRN2 were lowly expressed in KIRC samples compared to the corresponding normal tissues, and KIRC patients with high levels of MKRN1 and MKRN2 showed higher overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) rates. The overexpression of MKRN1 and MKRN2 inhibited the proliferation of human KIRC cells by arresting the cell cycles, but shows little effect on cells migration. The expression of MKRN1 and MKRN2 are correlated, and MKRN1 directly interacts with MKRN2. Moreover, both MKRN1 and MKRN2 were closely correlated with the expression of TP53 in KIRC tumor, and promoted the expression of p53 both at protein and mRNA levels. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that MKRN1 and MKRN2 serve as tumor suppressors in KIRC, and act as promising therapeutic targets for KIRC treatment.

The association between serum orexin-A levels and sleep quality in pregnant women.

OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND: Orexin has been shown to regulate the sleep-wake cycle, and it may play a major role in the pathogenesis of sleep disorders; however, its role in sleep disorders in pregnant women remains unclear. We aimed to assess the relationship between serum orexin-A (OXA) levels and sleep quality in pregnant women. PATIENTS/METHODS: This study comprised 214 enrolled pregnant women (poor sleep quality, n = 125; no poor sleep quality, n = 89). We assessed participants' sleep quality and depression and anxiety levels. OXA levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Women in the poor sleep quality group showed higher serum OXA levels (0.33[0.3] vs. 0.27[0.11], P < 0.001) than those in the no poor sleep quality group. Binary regression analysis showed that the higher the OXA levels (odds ratio [OR] 1.385, 95% CI [confidence interval] 1.160-1.655) and Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale scores (OR 1.073, 95% CI 1.009-1.140), the greater the risk of sleep quality in pregnant women. First-trimester OXA levels differed significantly from those in the second and third trimesters (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Serum OXA levels were higher in pregnant women with poor sleep quality than in those without poor sleep quality. OXA levels were also higher in the second and third trimesters than in the first trimester.

UBE3A and MCM6 synergistically regulate the proliferation and migration of lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Lung cancer is a leading cause of mortality worldwide and shows substantial clinical and biomolecular heterogeneity. Currently, specific therapeutic strategies are lacking, so effective drug targets are urgently needed. E6AP/UBE3A is a multifaceted ubiquitin ligase that controls various signaling pathways implicated in neurological diseases and various cancers; however, its role in lung cancer is incompletely understood. Here, MCM6 was identified as an interacting partner of E6AP using the yeast two-hybrid assay. MCM2 and MCM4 were then shown to interact with E6AP. E6AP knockout enhanced the ubiquitination of MCM2/4/6, suggesting that E6AP was not the E3 ubiquitin ligase for these three MCM proteins. Ablation of E6AP inhibited proliferation and migration, but had no significant effect on apoptosis in A549 and H1975 cells, and proliferation and migration inhibition was also observed in MCM6 knockdown cells. Furthermore, ablation of MCM6 and E6AP synergistically suppressed the proliferation and migration of A549 and H1975 cells. To verify the above findings in vivo, we established tumor models in nude mice and identified that the tumorigenicity of human lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells was synergistically regulated by MCM6 and E6AP. Moreover, the expression levels of MCM6 and E6AP were higher in LUAD tissues than in adjacent tissues. Furthermore, the expression levels of MCM6 and E6AP were positively correlated in human LUAD samples. Thus, our study suggests that the interaction of E6AP and MCM proteins plays an important role in the progression of LUAD, which might offer potential therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.

Antipsychotics-induced improvement of cool executive function in individuals living with schizophrenia.

Cool executive dysfunction is a crucial feature in people living with schizophrenia which is related to cognition impairment and the severity of the clinical symptoms. Based on electroencephalogram (EEG), our current study explored the change of brain network under the cool executive tasks in individuals living with schizophrenia before and after atypical antipsychotic treatment (before_TR vs. after_TR). 21 patients with schizophrenia and 24 healthy controls completed the cool executive tasks, involving the Tower of Hanoi Task (THT) and Trail-Marking Test A-B (TMT A-B). The results of this study uncovered that the reaction time of the after_TR group was much shorter than that of the before_TR group in the TMT-A and TMT-B. And the after_TR group showed fewer error numbers in the TMT-B than those of the before_TR group. Concerning the functional network, stronger DMN-like linkages were found in the before_TR group compared to the control group. Finally, we adopted a multiple linear regression model based on the change network properties to predict the patient's PANSS change ratio. Together, the findings deepened our understanding of cool executive function in individuals living with schizophrenia and might provide physiological information to reliably predict the clinical efficacy of schizophrenia after atypical antipsychotic treatment.

Cueing effect of attention among nurses with different anxiety levels: an EEG study.

The attention to cueing among nurses with anxiety affects their nursing quality seriously. Nevertheless, the neural mechanism of attention under anxiety among nurses has not been revealed. In this study, we utilized the event-related potential (ERP) and functional brain networks to investigate the neural mechanism of the cueing attention differences between anxiety and non-anxiety nurse groups (AG-20 nurses; NAG-20 nurses) in the spatial cueing task. The results revealed that in the invalid cues (144 trials), longer reaction times, larger P2 amplitudes, and more linkages between the right frontal and parietal areas were found in AG compared to NAG. In the valid cues (288 trials), there were no significant behavioral and neural differences between the two groups. The AG in the invalid cues showed slower response times, larger P2 and N5 amplitudes, and denser linkages originating from the occipital cortex than those in the valid cues. The convolutional neural network was trained for discriminating between the anxiety nurses and the normal ones, with the average accuracy being 0.76. The findings provided a potential physiological biomarker to predict the anxiety group who need to give more psychological attention. Nurse leaders maybe get more information for offering solutions to retain mental health among nurses.

Cutaneomucosal venous malformations are linked to the TIE2 mutation in a large Chinese family.

Mutations in TIE2/TEK gene have been identified as the major cause for cutaneomucosal venous malformations (VMCM) that were previously reported to occur in Caucasian families. We report here for the first time a Chinese VMCM family of 19 affected individuals in five generations with multiple vascular lesions on their oral mucosa and extremities. Histological analyses showed that the lesions comprised of irregular vascular spaces with a continuous layer of endothelial cells and variable smooth muscle cells. Although these VMCM characters were consistent with those in Caucasian families, difference was observed in hyperplastic SMC layer and vascular walls. Haplotype analyses and DNA sequencing indicated that both the mutation-associated haplotype and a R849W (c.2545C>T) change of the TIE2 gene cosegregated perfectly with the VMCM phenotype. This result suggested that, like those in Caucasian families, the R849W mutation in TIE2 could be one of the major causes for VMCM in Asian families.