Breast cancer early detection: A phased approach to implementation.

When breast cancer is detected and treated early, the chances of survival are very high. However, women in many settings face complex barriers to early detection, including social, economic, geographic, and other interrelated factors, which can limit their access to timely, affordable, and effective breast health care services. Previously, the Breast Health Global Initiative (BHGI) developed resource-stratified guidelines for the early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer. In this consensus article from the sixth BHGI Global Summit held in October 2018, the authors describe phases of early detection program development, beginning with management strategies required for the diagnosis of clinically detectable disease based on awareness education and technical training, history and physical examination, and accurate tissue diagnosis. The core issues address include finance and governance, which pertain to successful planning, implementation, and the iterative process of program improvement and are needed for a breast cancer early detection program to succeed in any resource setting. Examples are presented of implementation, process, and clinical outcome metrics that assist in program implementation monitoring. Country case examples are presented to highlight the challenges and opportunities of implementing successful breast cancer early detection programs, and the complex interplay of barriers and facilitators to achieving early detection for breast cancer in real-world settings are considered.

Beneficios del cuidado de enfermería con congruencia cultural en el bienestar y satisfacción del paciente / Benefits of Culturally Congruent Nursing Cure as Part of Patient Well-Being and Satisfaction

Introducción: En el contexto de una sociedad global y diversa, los cuidados de enfermería con congruencia cultural son una necesidad apremiante. Los acelerados procesos migratorios, los cambios en la economía global y el reconocimiento universal de los derechos humanos son evidencias inequívocas de esta necesidad. Objetivo: Identificar las evidencias sobre los beneficios del cuidado de enfermería con congruencia cultural, en el bienestar y satisfacción del paciente. Métodos: Revisión sistemática integrativa de estudios originales publicados del 2000-2019, en español e inglés. Se utilizaron siete bases de datos: SciELO, Lilacs, EBSCO Host, Dialnet, DOAJ, Redalyc y Pubmed, con la estrategia de búsqueda: "cuidado cultural" AND "enfermería", "cultural congruent care" AND "nursing" OR "cultural care" AND "nursing", cuidado cultural. Se seleccionaron 14 artículos a los que se realizó análisis de contenido. Conclusiones: Los artículos seleccionados permitieron identificar los beneficios de los cuidados de enfermería con congruencia cultural observados en diferentes grupos como adultos, adultos mayores y sus cuidadores, madres lactantes, escolares y adolescentes. Los beneficios del cuidado cultural se evidenciaron al abordar fenómenos como la funcionalidad familiar, la sobrecarga del cuidador, la promoción de la lactancia materna, el manejo del estrés, la ansiedad, la depresión y la calidad de vida de las sobrevivientes de cáncer de mama. Los cuidados de enfermería con congruencia cultural evidenciaron el desarrollo de una mejor relación enfermera-paciente y una mayor satisfacción de los pacientes y sus familias(AU)

Introduction: In the context of a global and diverse society, culturally congruent nursing care is an urgent need. Accelerated migration processes, changes in the global economy and universal recognition of human rights unequivocally evidence this need. Objective: To identify evidence on the benefits of culturally congruent nursing care as part of patient well-being and satisfaction. Methods: Integrative systematic review of original studies published from 2000 to 2019 in Spanish and English. Seven databases were used: SciELO, Lilacs, EBSCO Host, Dialnet, DOAJ, Redalyc and Pubmed. The following search strategy was designed: "cuidado cultural" AND "enfermería", "cultural congruent care" AND "nursing" OR "cultural care" AND "nursing", cuidado cultural [cultural care]. Fourteen articles were selected and processed through content analysis. Conclusions: The selected articles permitted to identify the benefits of culturally congruent nursing care observed in different groups such as adults, aged adults and their caregivers, breastfeeding mothers, school children and adolescents. The benefits of cultural care were evidenced by addressing phenomenons such as family functionality, caregiver overload, promotion of breastfeeding, coping with stress, anxiety and depression, as well as quality of life in breast cancer survivors. Culturally congruent nursing care evidenced the development of a better nurse-patient relationship, as well as greater patient and family satisfaction(AU)