ABSTRACT
Objective:Based on the goal of multi-level medical insurance system,put forward the holistic governance way for government supporting the"Huimin Insurance".Methods:The development process and characteristics of"Huimin Insurance"in China were analyzed.Based on the concept of holistic governance and multiple governance tools,a holistic governance model for government supporting the"Huimin Insurance"was constructed,and the existing problems were analyzed based on the current situation of typical regional governance.Results:At present,the holistic governance is not enough,there are problems such as fuzzy product positioning,immature information and marketing tools,and different levels of cooperation among the insurers and healthcare services,which affect the sustainability of the"Huimin Insurance".Conclusion:As a new attempt in the construction of a multi-level medical insurance system,government departments should provide holistic governance from the perspective of top-level design to support the development of the"Huimin Insurance",including clarifying the boundaries of government market responsibilities,promoting systematic support from government departments,strengthening information governance tools,and realizing multiple co-governance by improving the level of social participation.
ABSTRACT
Objective: Systematically summarize the research progress of clinical trials of gastric cancer oncology drugs and the overview of marketed drugs in China from 2012 to 2021, providing data and decision-making evidence for relevant departments. Methods: Based on the registration database of the drug clinical trial registration and information disclosure platform of Food and Drug Administration of China and the data query system of domestic and imported drugs, the information on gastric cancer drug clinical trials, investigational drugs and marketed drugs from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2021 was analyzed, and the differences between Chinese and foreign enterprises in terms of trial scope, trial phase, treatment lines and drug type, effect and mechanism studies were compared. Results: A total of 114 drug clinical trials related to gastric tumor were registered in China from 2012 to 2021, accounting for 3.7% (114/3 041) of all anticancer drug clinical trials in the same period, the registration number showed a significant growth rate after 2016 and reached its peak with 32 trials in 2020. Among them, 85 (74.6%, 85/114) trials were initiated by Chinese pharmaceutical enterprise. Compared with foreign pharmaceutical enterprise, Chinese pharmaceutical enterprise had higher rates of phase I trials (35.3% vs 6.9%, P=0.001), but the rate of international multicenter trials (11.9% vs 67.9%, P<0.001) was relatively low. There were 76 different drugs involved in relevant clinical trials, of which 65 (85.5%) were targeted drugs. For targeted drugs, HER2 is the most common one (14 types), followed by PD-1 and multi-target VEGER. In the past ten years, 3 of 4 marketed drugs for gastric cancer treatment were domestic and included in the national medical insurance directory. Conclusions: From 2012 to 2021, China has made some progress in drug research and development for gastric carcinoma. However, compared with the serious disease burden, it is still insufficient. Targeted strengthening of research and development of investment in many aspects of gastric cancer drugs, such as new target discovery, matured target excavating, combination drug development and early line therapy promotion, is the key work in the future, especially for domestic companies.
Subject(s)
Humans , China , Gastrointestinal Agents/therapeutic use , Gastrointestinal Neoplasms , Pharmaceutical Preparations , United States , United States Food and Drug AdministrationABSTRACT
The application of artificial intelligence in the field of primary health care can effectively improve diagnosis and treatment,avoid over-examination and over-medication,and make up for the shortage of high-quality medical resources in primary medical and health institutions.Focusing on the application of artificial intelligence in the field of primary health care,this paper analyzes the existing application modes and typical cases,studies its main stakeholders,interest demands and problems,and provides corresponding suggestions.
Subject(s)
Artificial Intelligence , Primary Health CareABSTRACT
Objective To establish a general health information construction effect evaluation model for overall as-sessment of health information construction effect .Methods Domestic and foreign health information construction effect evaluation models were systematically analyzed by bibliometric analysis , comparative analysis , inductive and deductive method,repectively.The classic health information construction effect models were integrated.Results The health information construction effect evaluation model was established from the technique-organization man-agement-operation supportangle .Conclusion Thehealth information construction effects include technique effect, organization mangement effect, and operation effect.Thegeneral health information construction effect evaluation model is established, which includes 7 primary indexes and 20 secondaey indexes.