ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: This study addresses the relationship between social determinants in poverty contexts, parenting practices, and the psychomotor development of children aged 0 to 5 in the city of Córdoba. METHODS: The Screening for psychomotor development problems at primary care level (PRUNAPE, Prueba Nacional de Pesquisa), the Parenting Practices Instrument (Instrumento de Prácticas de Crianza), and the Family Environment Questionnaire (Cuestionario de Ambiente Familiar) were applied to the mother-child coupling (246 cases). The data were analyzed based on the frequency of the categorical variables, and the summary measures of assessable variables and associations were evaluated with the chi-squared test for categorical variables, ANOVA and non-parametric test for the assessable ones. RESULTS: A 95% confidence level was considered. Children have a close relationship with their social and environmental determinants, the development of 3 out of 10 children is at risk. The father's educational level (p<0.001) and the mother's employment status (or father's) (p<0.001) were associated. The parenting practice risk was predominant in cases where the adult does not interpret the child's signals 16.66%; does not interact with songs, stories nor games 16.66%, and does not receive parenting help 20.73%. Children whose parents do not perceive their autonomy have approximately twice the risk of not passing the PRUNAPE (p<0.02, OR: 1.96; IC: 1.11-3.49). CONCLUSION: It may be assumed that the course of development, as a process, is associated with adult-child interaction, mother-child communication and the visualization that parents have of the children' autonomy.
Subject(s)
Parenting , Poverty , Child, Preschool , Educational Status , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Parents , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Ocular infections caused by human adenovirus are highly contagious and can cause outbreaks, especially in nursing homes. In this work, we describe the epidemiological and analytical research as well as the control measures carried out for a conjunctivitis outbreak. METHODS: Descriptive epidemiological study. Cases with a symptom onset date prior to oficial communication were analyzed retrospectively. The rest was analyzed prospectively. Conjunctival smears were collected for microbiological study. Virological analysis was performed by detecting adenovirus by PCR and genotyping. A data questionnaire that collected clinical and epidemiological information was designed. Possible risk factors associated with infection were studied by calculating the Odds Ratio. RESULTS: On June 11, 2019, the Epidemiological Surveillance Section of the Provincial Health Department of Albacete was notified of the existence of a large number of cases of conjunctivitis in a geriatric center. 54 cases were declared: 43 internal residents, 3 day center assistants and 8 workers. Attack rates were 35.8%, 12.5% and 8.4% respectively. Three risk factors were associated with the disease: patient´s lack of autonomy, being a resident at the nursing home and having their room assigned on the first floor. Human adenovirus serotype 8 was detected in the patients' samples. CONCLUSIONS: A high attack rate was observed in internal residents and the disease was associated with patient´s lack of autonomy and having their room assigned on the first floor of the nursing home. The outbreak was caused by human adenovirus serotype 8.
OBJETIVO: Las infecciones oculares causadas por adenovirus humanos son altamente contagiosas y pueden causar brotes, especialmente en residencias de ancianos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue exponer las investigaciones epidemiológicas y analíticas realizadas para el estudio del brote de queratoconjuntivitis epidémica y las medidas establecidas para su control. METODOS: Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico descriptivo. Se analizaron de forma retrospectiva los casos con fecha de inicio de síntomas anterior a la comunicación oficial, y de forma prospectiva el resto. Se recogieron frotis conjuntivales para estudio microbiológico. El análisis virológico fue realizado mediante la detección de adenovirus por PCR y genotipado. Se diseñó un cuestionario de datos que recogía información clínica y epidemiológica. Se estudiaron posibles factores de riesgo asociados a la infección mediante el cálculo de la Odds Ratio. RESULTADOS: El 11 de junio de 2019 se notificó a la Sección de Vigilancia Epidemiológica de la Dirección Provincial de Sanidad de Albacete la existencia de un número elevado de casos de conjuntivitis en un centro geriátrico. Se declararon 54 casos: 43 entre residentes internos, 3 entre asistentes del centro de día y 8 entre personal laboral. Las tasas de ataque fueron del 35,8%, 12,5% y 8,4%, respectivamente. La falta de autonomía, el ser residente interno y estar ubicado en la primera planta fueron factores asociados a la enfermedad. Se detectó adenovirus humano serotipo 8 en las muestras correspondientes a enfermos. CONCLUSIONES: Se observó una elevada tasa de ataque en residentes internos y la enfermedad se asoció con la falta de autonomía y la localización en la primera planta. El brote fue causado por adenovirus humano serotipo 8.
Subject(s)
Adenovirus Infections, Human/epidemiology , Adenoviruses, Human/genetics , Disease Outbreaks , Infection Control/methods , Keratoconjunctivitis/epidemiology , Keratoconjunctivitis/virology , Nursing Homes , Adenovirus Infections, Human/complications , Adenovirus Infections, Human/diagnosis , Adenovirus Infections, Human/prevention & control , Adenoviruses, Human/isolation & purification , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Keratoconjunctivitis/diagnosis , Keratoconjunctivitis/prevention & control , Male , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Serogroup , Spain/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Introducción: El síndrome de disfunción temporomandibular (SDTM) engloba un amplio abanico de síntomas que van desde molestias a la palpación de la musculatura masticadora hasta episodios de imposibilidad para la apertura o el cierre oral e incluso degeneración articular irreversible. El manejo de los pacientes con sintomatología propia de esta enfermedad es controvertido; generalmente los episodios inflamatorios agudos son susceptibles de tratamiento conservador y no precisan, en principio, valoración por un especialista. Como centro de referencia de la Comunidad de Madrid nuestra impresión es que la derivación de esta dolencia desde Atención Primaria es masiva y poco orientada, lo que, de ser cierto, ocasionaría un aumento de los costes sanitarios directos e indirectos, así como una saturación de las consultas de especialidad. Material y métodos: En este trabajo realizamos un análisis prospectivo de la derivación de los pacientes con SDTM desde Atención Primaria al Hospital Universitario La Paz en un período de 6 meses mediante un sistema de cuestionarios anónimos cumplimentados por el especialista y el paciente. Resultados: La muestra del estudio la constituyen 101 pacientes. El 35,6% de los pacientes derivados presentan una evolución crónica (mayor de 6 meses) de la enfermedad, con una sintomatología leve y en el 65,3% de los casos no se había instaurado ningún tipo de tratamiento por un médico/dentista antes de acudir a nuestra consulta. El gasto extra total anual provocado por la incorrecta derivación desde Atención Primaria asciende a 54.309,024 euros anuales. Conclusiones: Por su elevada prevalencia, el SDTM constituye un foco interesante de acción a la hora de optimizar los tratamientos y minimizar el gasto dentro de las entidades maxilofaciales. Este trabajo pone de manifiesto la situación actual y alerta sobre la necesidad de elaborar protocolos de derivación en consenso con Atención Primaria
Introduction: Temporomandibular joint syndrome (TMJS) includes a wide range of signs and symptoms that vary from mild pain in masticatory muscles to inability to open and close the mouth, and even irreversible joint derangement. Management is controversial, with the more acute inflammatory episodes being good candidates for conservative treatment. These patients do not need, at least initially, to be evaluated by a maxillofacial surgeon. As a maxillofacial referral centre in the Madrid area, it seems that patients affected by this syndrome are referred to our centre from Primary Care on a large scale, and are completely uninformed about their disorder. If this is the case, unnecessary direct and indirect health care costs would be increased, as well as contribute to medical consultation overload. Material and methods: A prospective analysis was performed on TMJS patient referral from Primary care to the Hospital Universitario La Paz during a 6 months period. A self-report anonymous questionnaire was also completed by the professional and the patient in order to collect data. Results: Of the101 patients evaluated, 35.6% had chronic onset (more than 6 months) and with mild symptoms. Almost two-thirds (65.3%) of patients had not received any kind of treatment before coming to the centre. Annual additional costs due to incorrect patient referral were 54,309.024 euros. Conclusions: Due to its high prevalence, TMJS is an interesting focus for action when it comes to controlling extra costs and medical consultation overload. This report shows the present situation, and stressed the need for a consensus referral protocol in Primary Care
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome/epidemiology , Severity of Illness Index , Referral and Consultation/statistics & numerical data , Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Health Care Costs/statistics & numerical data , Prospective Studies , Unnecessary Procedures/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
Introducción. Los defectos craneales tienen una repercusión importante en el paciente desde un punto de vista estético, psicológico y funcional. Actualmente no existe acuerdo sobre el material ideal para la reconstrucción de estos defectos. Material y métodos. Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo incluyendo a los pacientes con reconstrucción craneal con prótesis de polieteretercetona (PEEK) a medida entre los años 2008 y 2014 en el Servicio de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial del Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid. Las prótesis son diseñadas de manera específica para cada paciente con el sistema CAD-CAM. Resultados. Se reconstruyó a un total de 7 pacientes con defectos craneales con prótesis de PEEK. Solo en un caso, la resección y reconstrucción fueron realizadas en el mismo acto quirúrgico. En el resto de los casos se realizó una reconstrucción diferida. Las complicaciones que se presentaron fueron: un seroma y una fístula de LCR, que se resolvieron con tratamiento conservador; y una dehiscencia de la herida y un caso con episodios de infecciones repetidas, cuyo defecto estaba próximo al seno frontal, que terminaron con la retirada definitiva de la prótesis. Conclusión. El material ideal para la reconstrucción de defectos craneales no existe. Las prótesis de PEEK están obteniendo buenos resultados estética y funcionalmente. Cuando el hueso autógeno no esté disponible o en determinados casos con defectos grandes, las prótesis de PEEK pueden ser una buena opción. Sin embargo, si el defecto está en comunicación directa con los senos paranasales, debemos valorar bien la indicación (AU)
Introduction. Cranial defects tend to carry functional and aesthetic consequences for the patient. The most suitable material to be used remains controversial. Methods. We report a retrospective review of patients whose cranial defects were reconstructed using a computer designed polyetheretherketone (PEEK)-patient specific implant) between 2008 and 2014 at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, in Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid. Implants are designed individually to each patient with CAD-CAM system. Results. Seven patients underwent cranial reconstruction using a PEEK-patient specific implant. One case involved a one-step primary reconstruction and the rest of cases underwent a delayed reconstruction. Complications were: one seroma and one CSF leak, resolved with conservative treatment, and a wound dehiscence and an infection case whose defect was near the frontal sinus, resolved with removal of the implant. Conclusion. The ideal material for reconstructing cranial defects does not exist, but PEEK has demonstrated good outcomes. When autologous bone is not available or in selected cases with large defects, PEEK is a good option to reconstruct these defects. However, if the defect is related with paranasal sinuses, indication must be evaluated (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Skull/abnormalities , Skull/surgery , Prostheses and Implants/trends , Prostheses and Implants , Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination/therapeutic use , Craniotomy/methods , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Retrospective Studies , Seroma/complications , Seroma/surgery , Frontal Bone/abnormalities , Frontal Bone/surgery , Frontal Bone , Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory/complications , Surgical FlapsABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Hemangioma/surgery , Hemangioma , Bone Neoplasms/surgery , Bone Neoplasms , Frontal Bone/pathology , Frontal Bone/surgery , Frontal Bone , Tomography, Emission-ComputedABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Hemangioma, Cavernous/surgery , Hemangioma, Cavernous , Bone Cysts/surgery , Bone Cysts , Diagnosis, Differential , Embolization, Therapeutic/methods , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Neurosurgery/methods , Prostheses and Implants , Headache/complications , Headache/etiology , Tinnitus/complications , Tomography, Emission-Computed/methods , Tomography, Emission-Computed , Angiography/methods , AngiographyABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Frontal Sinus/microbiology , Frontal Sinus/pathology , Frontal Sinus , Ethmoid Sinus/pathology , Ethmoid Sinus , Abscess/microbiology , Abscess , Cystic Fibrosis/diagnosis , Cystic Fibrosis/microbiology , Tomography, Emission-Computed/instrumentation , Tomography, Emission-Computed/methods , Tomography, Emission-Computed , Abscess/pathology , Streptococcus anginosus/isolation & purification , Streptococcus intermedius/isolation & purification , Streptococcus constellatus/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Pott Puffy Tumor/diagnostic imaging , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Frontal Sinusitis/complications , Pott Puffy Tumor/therapy , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Las infecciones oculares causadas por adenovirus humanos son altamente contagiosas y pueden causar brotes, especialmente en residencias de ancianos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue exponer las investigaciones epidemiológicas y analíticas realizadas para el estudio del brote de queratoconjuntivitis epidémica y las medidas establecidas para su control. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico descriptivo. Se analizaron de forma retrospectiva los casos con fecha de inicio de síntomas anterior a la comunicación oficial, y de forma prospectiva el resto. Se recogieron frotis conjuntivales para estudio microbiológico. El análisis virológico fue realizado mediante la detección de adenovirus por PCR y genotipado. Se diseñó un cuestionario de datos que recogía información clínica y epidemiológica. Se estudiaron posibles factores de riesgo asociados a la infección mediante el cálculo de la Odds Ratio. RESULTADOS: El 11 de junio de 2019 se notificó a la Sección de Vigilancia Epidemiológica de la Dirección Provincial de Sanidad de Albacete la existencia de un número elevado de casos de conjuntivitis en un centro geriátrico. Se declararon 54 casos: 43 entre residentes internos, 3 entre asistentes del centro de día y 8 entre personal laboral. Las tasas de ataque fueron del 35,8%, 12,5% y 8,4%, respectivamente. La falta de autonomía, el ser residente interno y estar ubicado en la primera planta fueron factores asociados a la enfermedad. Se detectó adenovirus humano serotipo 8 en las muestras correspondientes a enfermos. CONCLUSIONES: Se observó una elevada tasa de ataque en residentes internos y la enfermedad se asoció con la falta de autonomía y la localización en la primera planta. El brote fue causado por adenovirus humano serotipo 8
OBJECTIVE: Ocular infections caused by human adenovirus are highly contagious and can cause outbreaks, especially in nursing homes. In this work, we describe the epidemiological and analytical research as well as the control measures carried out for a conjunctivitis outbreak. METHODS: Descriptive epidemiological study. Cases with a symptom onset date prior to oficial communication were analyzed retrospectively. The rest was analyzed prospectively. Conjunctival smears were collected for microbiological study. Virological analysis was performed by detecting adenovirus by PCR and genotyping. A data questionnaire that collected clinical and epidemiological information was designed. Possible risk factors associated with infection were studied by calculating the Odds Ratio. RESULTS: On June 11, 2019, the Epidemiological Surveillance Section of the Provincial Health Department of Albacete was notified of the existence of a large number of cases of conjunctivitis in a geriatric center. 54 cases were declared: 43 internal residents, 3 day center assistants and 8 workers. Attack rates were 35.8%, 12.5% and 8.4% respectively. Three risk factors were associated with the disease: patient's lack of autonomy, being a resident at the nursing home and having their room assigned on the first floor. Human adenovirus serotype 8 was detected in the patients' samples. CONCLUSIONS: A high attack rate was observed in internal residents and the disease was associated with patient's lack of autonomy and having their room assigned on the first floor of the nursing home. The outbreak was caused by human adenovirus serotype 8
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Keratoconjunctivitis, Infectious/microbiology , Adenovirus Infections, Human/epidemiology , Adenoviruses, Human/isolation & purification , Disease Outbreaks/statistics & numerical data , Health of Institutionalized Elderly , Homes for the Aged/statistics & numerical data , Communicable Disease Control/methodsABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Osteolysis/diagnosis , Peri-Implantitis/diagnostic imaging , Prosthesis-Related Infections/complications , Device Removal , Alveolar Bone Loss/diagnostic imaging , Chronic Periodontitis/microbiologyABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: determinar la eficacia de ácidos grasos esenciales(AGE) versus ácidos grasos hiperoxigenados (AGHO) en la prevención de úlceras por presión (UPP) grado I en población geriátrica institucionalizada pacientes con riesgo de aparición de UPP. MÉTODO: ensayo clínico aleatorizado realizado en población institucionalizada. Se efectuó asignación aleatoria a grupos experimental(33 residentes a los que se les aplicó AGE) y control (32residentes a los que se aplicó AGHO). Ambos productos se aplicaron tópicamente cada 12 horas. Se midió la incidencia de UPP degrado I a los 7, 14, 21 y 28 días. La fuente de información fue la historia clínica del paciente. El riesgo de desarrollar UPP se valoró con la escala de Norton. Se constataron las medidas de prevención realizadas. Para el análisis bivariante se utilizaron pruebas de comparación de medias (prueba t de Student para muestras independientes)y proporciones (Ji cuadrada).RESULTADOS: de los 65 pacientes incluidos en el estudio: 32 en el grupo de AGHO y 33 en el grupo de AGE. La incidencia máxima de UPP I por semana fue de 12,9% en el grupo de AGHO y 12,5%en el grupo de AGE. No se han encontrado diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos de tratamiento. CONCLUSIONES: la aplicación de AGE y AGHO representan una medida igual de efectiva en la prevención de aparición de UPP
OBJECTIVE: to determine the efficacy of essential fatty acids(EFAs)) vs. hyper oxygenated fatty acids (HOFAs) for the prevention of Grade 1 pressure ulcers (PUs) in the hospitalized geriatric population of patients with risk of developing PUs. METHOD: a randomized clinical trial conducted on a population with long-term hospitalization. Patients were randomly assigned to the experimental arm (33 patients who received EFAs), and the control arm (32 patients who received HOFA). Both products were applied topically every 12 hours. The incidence of Grade 1PUs was measured at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The source of information was patients' clinical records. The risk of developing Pus was assessed through the Norton Scale. Prevention measures conducted were validated. For bivariate analysis, comparison tests of mean values were conducted (Student's t test for independent samples), as well as of percentages (Square Ji).RESULTS: out of the 65 patients included in the study, 32 were in the HOFA arm and 33 in the EFA arm. The maximum incidence of Grade 1 PUs per week was 12.9% in the HOFA arm and 12.5%in the EFA arm. No significant differences were found between both treatment arms. CONCLUSIONS: the administration of EFA and HOFA represents equally effective measures for preventing the development of PUs