ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the correlation between the presence of H. pylori in paired samples of tap water and gastric cancer (GC) lesion in Lima city (Peru). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Gastric tissue and tap-water samples were prospectively collected from 82 Gastric Cancer who lived in Lima. HspA and ureA genes were evaluated by qPCR in the samples. Results: The median age of patients with GC was 63 years, 52.4% were men and stage-II in 36.6%. A home-living time> 10 years was reported in 84.1% of patients. Boiling water treatment was indicated in 85.4% of cases. H. pylori was detected in 69.5% of gastric tissues and in 12.2% of analyzed tap-water. There was no differences in gastric infection rates among those with or without water contamination (70% vs. 69.4%, p=0.971). Conclusion & Impact: H. pylori was found in tap-water samples, however, detection rates were lower than in gastric cancer samples. Other sources of infection transmission should be investigated.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/epidemiology , Helicobacter Infections/complications , Helicobacter pylori/isolation & purification , Stomach Neoplasms/epidemiology , Water Microbiology/standards , Water Supply/standards , Adenocarcinoma/microbiology , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Helicobacter Infections/microbiology , Humans , Incidence , Male , Middle Aged , Peru/epidemiology , Prognosis , Prospective Studies , Stomach Neoplasms/microbiology , Stomach Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Helicobacter pylori (HP) and Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infections induce chronic gastritis (CG) and are accepted carcinogenics of gastric cancer (GC). Our objective for this study was to determine the prevalence of these agents and clinicopathological features of GC and CG associated with the infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A single-center cohort of 375 Peruvian patients with GC and 165 control subjects with CG were analyzed. Evaluation of HP and EBV genes was performed through quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Prevalence of HP was 62.9% in the whole population and 60.8% in the GC subset. The cagA gene was detected in 79.9%; vacAs1 and vacAm1 alleles in 41.6% and 60.7%, respectively; and concurrent expression of vacAs1 and vacAm1 in 30.4% of infected patients in the whole series. The prevalence of EBV was 14.1% in the whole population and was higher in GC (P < .001). Coinfection of HP and EBV was found in 7.8% and was also higher in GC in univariate (P < .001) and multivariate (P = .011) analyses. Infection rates of HP and EBV were not associated with a geographic location in the whole series. Few clinicopathological features have been associated with infectious status. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of HP infection and virulent strains are high in the Peruvian population. Infection by EBV was more frequent in patients with GC.
Subject(s)
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/epidemiology , Gastritis/complications , Helicobacter pylori/pathogenicity , Stomach Neoplasms/complications , Chronic Disease , Female , Genotype , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Peru , PrevalenceABSTRACT
13,14-Dihydroxy-8,11,13-podocarpatrien-7-one (1) and a series of ring C aromatic diterpene derivatives were synthesised from (+)-manool (4) and evaluated for their cytotoxic, leishmanicidal and trypanocidal activities. Our results indicated that compound 1 and other podocarpane-type intermediates are cytotoxic. Cleavage of C6-C7 bond of compound 7 improved cytotoxic activity, indicating that, in particular, the 6,7-seco-podocarpane-type compound 20 might serve as a lead compound for further development.