Effect of fixed-time artificial insemination on corpus luteum gene expression at the day 16 and 25 pregnancy of gilt.

Utilization of female livestock can be optimized by application of Fixed-Time Artificial Insemination (FTAI), which plays an important role in large-scale livestock production. However, molecular mechanism of FTAI affecting reproductive performance remains unclear. To investigate the effects of FTAI on corpus luteum in 16 and 25 days of pregnancy gilts, 12 pregnancy gilts were selected from Altrenogest + PMSG + GnRH (APG) group and control group. The number of left and right CL in APG group were significantly higher than control (p < 0.05). Furthermore, result showed the number of differentially expressed genes between 16APG group and 16 C group was obviously larger than that between 25APG and 25 C group (2394 vs. 1476). Up regulated genes in APG were mainly associated with cytokine production and secretion, cell communication and transport (day 16) and angiogenesis, cell cycle and cell-cell signaling (day 25). The expression of differentially expressed genes (RPL10, CYP17A1, DCN, IL18, LDLR and PRLR) in luteal tissue were verified by real-time PCR. In summary, APG program significantly improve reproductive efficiency of gilts through up regulation of cytokine production/secretion, cell communication and transport in Day 16 pregnancy and angiogenesis, cell cycle and cell-cell signaling at Day 25 pregnancy in porcine.

MicroRNAs are potential regulators of the timed artificial insemination effect in gilt endometrium.

To determine effects of timed artificial insemination (TAI) hormonal treatments on reproductive performance of gilts/sows and explore molecular mechanisms, gilts (TAI: 90; Control:149; Total: 239) and sows (TAI: 370; Control: 492) were utilized. Results indicated the estrus/farrowing rate and number of piglets born alive and weaned in the TAI group were greater than in the control group for both gilts and sows. To explore the molecular mechanism for TAI hormonal effects, the small RNA of the gilt endometrium at 16 and 25 of gestation were sampled and sequenced to determine potential functions of microRNA (MiRNA); 358 known and 142 novel MiRNAs were detected. With comparison of TAI and control groups, there were 54 differentially abundant MiRNAs, and functional analysis results indicated "binding," "protein/ion binding," and "immune response" were mostly enriched. In addition, representative MiRNAs were selected based on criteria including being regulated on both day 16 and 25 of gestation (ssc-miR-10a-5p, ssc-miR-345-5p, ssc-miR-370) along with reproduction-related target genes (ssc-miR-424-5p, ssc-miR-142-5p). Furthermore, target genes of selected MiRNAs were screened, and functional enrichment of those genes also indicated that the "binding" and "immune response" were mainly enriched. Results from the present study confirmed TAI-hormonal treatments improved estrous/farrowing rate and number of piglets born alive/weaned of gilts/sows and that hormonal treatment regimens leading to behavioral estrus at timed artificial insemination in gilts results in microRNA patterns in the endometrium that are more supportive of pregnancy. Results contribute valuable information for future studies of effects of TAI hormonal treatments on pig reproductive performance.

Research progress on ethical issues in the process of fertility preservation in tumor patients / 中国医学伦理学

Fertility preservation technology provides an effective method for protecting the reproductive resources of patients with malignant tumors. At the same time， it is inevitable to face great ethical dilemmas in the process of technological implementation. From an ethical perspective， this paper sorted out the research on fertility preservation in tumor patients abroad， as well as analyzed the ethical issues faced by tumor patients in the communication decision-making and implementation stages of fertility protection. Specifically， these included informing and discussing the reproductive information and preservation choices of tumor patients， fertility decision-making of adolescent tumor patients， psychological support for fertility in tumor patients， ownership and use rights of reproductive materials and their disposal methods， fairness in the allocation of social health resources and other ethical issues. Combining with the actual situation in China， this paper further discussed how to put forward corresponding countermeasures based on following ethical principles such as favorable without harm， informed consent， cautious application， and ethical supervision， with a view to promoting the further development and application of fertility preservation technology in clinical practice.

Types analysis and coping suggestion of medical disputes arising from medical remarks / 中国医学伦理学

The language expression level of doctors directly affects the effectiveness of information transmission and communication. In the past 20 years， a large number of studies have conducted questionnaire surveys related to “doctor-patient communication” among medical staff and patients in the form of scales， but there were few studies on the practical application of doctor-patient communication and case analysis of doctor-patient disputes. Using the Complaint Register Book of a tertiary A hospital as research material， this paper summarized five causes of medical disputes caused by medical remarks， namely， stiff tone and improper body language of the medical staff， unclear communication of treatment plans， unable to answer patients’ questions， different doctors’ statements are contrary each other， and a large gap between disease prediction and disease development. This paper aimed to analyze the handling points of such disputes， with a view to applying them in doctor-patient communication courses for medical students or language skills training for doctors in the future， optimizing doctor-patient communication， and promoting the development of doctor-patient relationships.

Role of Ferroptosis-related Gene GLS2 in Pan-cancer Prognosis and Immunity / 肿瘤防治研究

Objective To assess the role of the ferroptosis-associated gene GLS2 in the prognosis of pan-cancer and immunity using bioinformatics methods. Methods GLS2 expression levels in pan-cancer were profiled using publicly available databases: The Cancer Genome Atlas, GTEx, Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia and the International Cancer Genome Consortium. The aim was to explore the role of GLS2 gene expression, gene variation survival analysis, immune infiltration, immune checkpoint related genes, TMB, and MSI in different tumors. Results Difference in GLS2 expression levels between cancer and paraneoplastic tissues was statistically significant in most cancer types, and the expression level was correlated with survival in these cancer types. A positive correlation was found between GLS2 expression and immune cell infiltration in multiple cancer types, and GLS2 expression level was positively correlated with TMB, MSI, and methylation, and its expression is an indicator for potential therapeutic response. Conclusion Pan-cancer analysis shows that the ferroptosis-related gene GLS2 can be used as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of clear cell carcinoma of kidney, adrenocortical carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and pancreatic cancer.

Research Progress on Role of Ferroptosis in Immunoresistance of Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer / 肿瘤防治研究

Ferroptosis is a novel regulatory cell death characterized by iron dependence and mainly caused by the accumulation of lipid peroxides and reactive oxygen species in the cell. This process plays an important role in the development of many malignancies, and has been extensively studied in lung cancer, especially in antitumor therapy. In recent years, the role of ferroptosis in tumor immunotherapy has been gradually explored. Studies showed that targeting ferroptosis can improve the therapeutic efficacy of antitumor immunotherapy. In addition, immunotherapy and ferroptosis can work synergistically to enhance the effectiveness of antitumor therapy, suggesting a potential relationship between ferroptosis and immunotherapy and the possible reversal of immune drug resistance. This study aims to elucidate the characteristics of ferroptosis, and the role and potential clinical applications of ferroptosis in the antitumor immunotherapy of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. We also explore the role of some nanomaterials that target the onset of tumor ferroptosis in facilitating immunotherapy.

Efficacy and safety of radiotherapy combined with targeted therapy, immunotherapy and chemotherapy for unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of quadruple therapy involving radiotherapy (RT), lenvatinib, anti-PD-1 antibody and GEMOX (oxaliplatin and gemcitabine) chemotherapy (quadruple therapy) in treatment cohort of patients with unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).Methods:The patients with recurrent, metastatic, or unresectable ICC underwent quadruple therapy at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University between September 2018 and May 2022 were selected. The data about efficacy and safety of quadruple therapy were collected in the hospital electronic medical record system. All patients were followed up regularly to obtain the long-term prognostic data until December 31, 2022. The efficacy, prognosis, and toxicity data were collected and analyzed.Results:A total of 41 patients were included in the analysis. After a median follow-up period of 15 months, disease progression was diagnosed in 36 patients (18 patients died), while 3 patients were lost to follow-up. The causes of death included liver failure induced by intrahepatic tumor progression ( n=6), distant metastases (lungs or brain, n=6), abdominal lymph node metastases ( n=3), cancer cachexia ( n=2), and unknown cause ( n=1). The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 11 months (95% CI: 9.2-12.8), and the median overall survival (OS) was 35 months (95% CI: 17.0-52.0). All patients experienced treatment-related adverse events (AEs) during the study treatment period. Of the 41 patients, 13 patients experienced at least once grade 3 or worse treatment-related AE, but all were manageable with symptomatic treatment. No treatment-related deaths were reported during the follow-up period. Conclusions:Radiotherapy (RT), lenvatinib, anti-PD-1 antibody and GEMOX in the treatment of unresectable ICC shows significant efficacy and good safety, which is worthy of clinical application.

Construction and application of a delicacy management system of respiratory disciplines based on big data technology / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:To establish an evaluation index system for the refinement management of respiratory specialties in four dimensions: medical care, teaching, scientific research and personnel training, to develop a refinement management system based on medical big data, and evaluate the effectiveness of its application.Methods:Based on evaluation indexes and literature of several domestic respiratory specialty influence rankings, an index system covering four dimensions (primary indexes), 16 secondary indexes and 73 tertiary indexes covering medical treatment (30%), teaching (15%), scientific research (40%) and personnel training (15%) was devised using brainstorming, Delphi, and hierarchical entropy weighting. Data from 13 professional groups and 248 respiratory discipline members integrated by the system in 2018 and 2019 were statistically analyzed using the refined index system embedded in the system to understand the system's application after a year of use with comparing the four dimensions of the discipline and the changes among specialty groups before and after implementation.Results:In 2019, respiratory medicine′s comprehensive score grew 30% compared to 2018. The subscores also grew, with scientific research showing the largest growth rate of 136% and talent cultivation showing the second highest. In 2019, ten of the 13 professional groups grew by 2% to 135%.Conclusions:An improved management system for respiratory medicine based on big data technology has provided a comprehensive, intuitive and quantitative view of the discipline′s development in four dimensions and the differences among specialty groups. It will be an effective decision-making tool for ensuring high-quality and balanced discipline development.

PTPN11 gene mutation mediated Noonan syndrome in children with idiopathic short stature / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective:To analyze the genetic etiology of idiopathic short stature(ISS) children, and to investigate the clinical characteristics of Noonan syndrome caused by PTPN11 gene mutation, and the response to recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH) as well.Methods:Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of 232 ISS patients, and the genome was detected by whole exon sequencing. The gene variation was analyzed according to the guideline of American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics(ACMG), and clinical baseline data and follow-up data of rhGH treatment were collected from PTPN11 gene pathogenic patients.Results:Among 232 ISS patients, 6 were found to have PTPN11 pathogenic gene variants(c.1507G>C, c. 317A>G, c. 923A>G, c. 922A>G, c. 236A>G, c. 922A>G), diagnosed as Noonan syndrome. Together with 3 cases of Noonan syndrome patients(all PTPN11 gene variation C. 1510A>G) previously diagnosed in our hospital, the clinical characteristics of patients were analyzed. Among the 9 Noonan syndrome patients, 7 were boys and 2 were girls. The average age was 10.2(4.5, 14.7) years old, and their height standard deviation score was -3.06 SD(95% CI -2.29 SD--3.94 SD). Among them, 4 patients received rhGH treatment with an average treatment duration of 2.25(1.5, 3.5) years. After treatment, their height increased by 14.3(8.6, 23.9) cm, and the change in height standard deviation score improved by 0.21 SD(95% CI 0.12 SD-0.27 SD). Conclusion:Noonan syndrome has a wide range of clinical phenotypes. For children with short stature, heart defects and cryptorchidism, the possibility of Noonan syndrome should be considered. PTPN11 is the common pathogenic gene for Noonan syndrome, and genetic testing facilitates the early diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up prognosis of Noonan syndrome patients.

Pathogenesis and therapeutic targets of inflammatory cardiomyopathy based on bioinformatics analysis / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To make bioinformatics analysis of inflammatory cardiomyopathy so as to screen out hub genes related to etiology and therapeutic targets. 【Methods】 Differential expression analysis of inflammatory cardiomyopathy gene chip data from Gene Expression Omnibus （GEO） Database was carried out via GEO2R tool. Protein-protein interaction（PPI）network and hub genes identification were realized by String database and CytoHubba. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis for functional annotation and pathway analysis of hub genes were conducted by R language. Web-based enrichment analysis platform Enrichr and Drug Signatures database were applied to screen out candidate drugs targeting hub genes for inflammatory cardiomyopathy. 【Results】 The 149 DEGs were statistically significant， among which 44 were upregulated and 105 were downregulated. To identify hub genes， PPI network consisting of 37 nodes and 116 edges was constructed， and 16 hub genes were NDUFB7， POLR2L， NDUFS7， UQCR11， NDUFA13， NDUFA2， PHPT1， NDUFB10， UBA52， ATP5D， NDUFA3， COX6B1， POLR2J， COX4I2， AURKAIP1 and MRPL41. Hub genes were enriched to 113 different GO terms， and the most significant terms were mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport， respiratory electron transport chain， oxidative phosphorylation， respiratory chain， mitochondrial inner membrane， NADH dehydrogenase activity and oxidoreductase activity. DEGs were enriched to 13 different signal pathways， including oxidative phosphorylation， non-alcoholic fatty liver disease， diabetic cardiomyopathy， and cardiac muscle contraction. We screened out candidate drugs targeting hub genes， namely， metformin hydrochloride， clindamycin， and hydralazine. 【Conclusion】 Hub genes screened out by decoding the expression profiles are convolved in the etiology and mechanism of inflammatory cardiomyopathy， which might serve as latent therapeutic targets and benefit patients with inflammatory cardiomyopathy.

Clinical analysis of cardiac tamponade complicating radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation in elderly patients / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the association between age and cardiac tamponade after radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation(RAAF).Methods:Clinical data of patients undergone de novo AF ablation procedures at Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2013 to December 2016 were retrospectively collected.Patients were divided into an elderly group(age ≥60 years)and a non-elderly group(age <60 years). Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between old age and the risk of cardiac tamponade complicating RAAF.Results:A total of 5 313 patients were involved in this study, including 41 patients(0.77%)with cardiac tamponade.The proportion of cardiac tamponade was higher in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group(1.1% or 32/2 950 vs.0.4% or 9/2 363, χ2=8.489, P=0.004). One patient with cardiac tamponade in the elderly group required immediate surgical repair whereas none in the non-elderly group did.No patient died in hospital.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of cardiac tamponade increased in the elderly group, compared with the non-elderly group( OR=2.570, 95% CI: 1.190-5.570, P=0.017). Stratified analysis revealed that among females and patients with oral anticoagulants, left atrium dimension < 40 mm or procedure duration≥ 120 min in the elderly group carried a higher risk of cardiac tamponade than those in the non-elderly group( OR=1.011, 2.914, 3.922 and 3.244, P<0.05). Conclusions:Old age(age ≥60 years)is an independent risk factor for cardiac tamponade complicating RAAF.

Effect of radiation therapy and prognostic factors in hepatocellular cancer patients with cardiophrenic angle or superior diaphragmatic lymph nodes metastasis / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To study the effects of radiotherapy and the prognostic factors in hepatocellular cancer (HCC) patients with cardiophrenic angle or superior diaphragmatic lymph nodes metastasis (LNM).Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 56 HCC patients with cardiophrenic angle or superior diaphragmatic LNM who were treated with or without external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) in Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University from Jan 2010 to Aug 2020. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether they received radiotherapy, EBRT group and non-EBRT group, and each group had 28 patients. Radiation fields included or excluded primary tumor in EBRT group, and the cardiophrenic angle or superior diaphragmatic LNM did not receive any local treatment in non-EBRT group. The response rate, survival rate, local control rate, prognostic risk factors of the two groups were studied.Results:After EBRT, the partial response rate and complete response rate were 32.1%(9/28) and 32.1%(9/28). The median survival rate of EBRT group was 16.1 months (95% CI 9.00-23.21, RR=3.63) vs. 6.9 months (95% CI 4.63-8.77, RR=1.06) for the non-EBRT group, with statistically significant difference ( χ2=15.53, P<0.05). Cardiophrenic angle or superior diaphragmatic lymph nodes 1-year local control rate for EBRT group and non-EBRT group were 37.0% vs. 10.7%, with statistically significant difference ( χ2=5.28, P<0.05). Since diagnosis of cardiophrenic angle or superior diaphragmatic LNM, 4 patients (14.3%) in the EBRT group vs. 13 patients (46.4%) in the non-EBRT group had higher alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level after 3 months compared with the AFP before EBRT ( χ2=6.84, P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that multiple intrahepatic tumors, maximal diameter of intrahepatic tumors >5 cm, AFP≥400 μg/L, no EBRT were poor prognostic factors. Conclusions:EBRT can prolong overall survival and improve the control rate of lymph node of HCC patients with cardiophrenic angle or superior diaphragmatic LNM. Patients with multiple intrahepatic tumors, maximal diameter of intrahepatic tumors >5 cm, AFP≥400 μg/L and no EBRT have poor prognosis.

Screening and bioinformatics of rheumatoid arthritis markers based on GEO chip / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To perform bioinformatics analysis of the genetic chip data of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in order to search for the characteristic gene expression profiles. Methods Differential expression analysis of RA Gene chip data in GEO database was performed using GEO2R, and GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of functional annotation and pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were conducted by DAVID6.8 and R language. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) and target genes acquisition were realized by String-database and software Cytoscape3.7.1. Results The 1 184 DEGs in synovial tissues isolated from the knee joints of RA patients were statistically significant. Among them 664 were up-regulated and 520 were down-regulated. DEGs were enriched to 70 different GOterms, and the most significant terms were signal transduction, plasma membrane and protein binding. DEGs were enriched to 62 different signal pathways, including cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, osteoclast differentiation, rheumatoid arthritis, Th17 cell differentiation, and IL17 signal pathway. PPI analysis screened out 19 pivotal target genes, namely, NKG7, BCL6, SEMA4D, NFIL3, RAC2, MLIP, SEL1L3, GUSBP11, IGLV1-44, IGLJ3, IGLC1, IGKV1OR2-118, IGKV1OR2-108, IGKC, IGHV4-31, IGHV3-23, IGHM, IGHD and CYAT1. Conclusion Partial DEGs screened out by analyzing the expression profiles are involved in the key links affecting the development of synovial inflammation in RA, which may provide an important theoretical basis for early diagnosis and treatment of this disease and development of targeted drugs.

Hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy caused by SEPT9 gene mutation in a family / 中华神经科杂志

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy caused by SEPT9 gene mutation in a family to promote understanding this disease.Methods:The clinical manifestations, examination, imaging and electrophysiology of a family with hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy diagnosed by gene testing in the 960th Hospital of People′s Liberation Army in August 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:The age of the onset ranged from children to middle-aged. The parent-child couples demonstrated the existence of marked anticipation, with earlier age of onset in successive generations. Male and female were involved. The forearm had circular skin creases at a young age. The sudden upper limb pain and weakness were first symptoms, the distal upper limb muscle weakness was more obvious than the proximal, and the wrist was saggy. The course was described as relapsing-remitting, and there were sufficient laxity of the skin and generalized muscle wasting. The cerebrospinal fluid examination and magnetic resonance examination of brachial plexus nerve were normal. The electrophysiology was limited to the peripheral nerve damage of the double upper limbs.Conclusions:Relapsing-remitting focal brachial plexus pain and weakness are the main manifestations of hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy, and the laxity of the skin and generalized thin muscle appear on sequel stage of the clinical repeated attack. The electrophysiological lesion is limited to brachial plexus nerve.

Correlation between single nucleotide polymorphism of EIF2AK3 gene and the efficacy of recombinant human growth hormone in children with growth hormone deficiency / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective:To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-α kinase 3 (EIF2AK3) gene in growth hormone deficiency (GHD), and to determine whether the polymorphisms in the EIF2AK3 of children with GHD associate with the efficacy of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy.Methods:Five SNPs of EIF2AK3 gene, including rs1805165 (G>T), rs13045 (A>G), rs867529 (C>G), rs11684404 (T>C), rs6547787(T>G) were selected and genotyped by a TaqMan probe method in 104 children with GHD and 269 normal height control children. Among them, 55 children with GHD were treated with rhGH. The height and weight of each patient with GHD after rhGH treatment were collected. Finally, to investigate whether there were differences between the efficacy of rhGH in children with GHD and different genotypes of EIF2AK3 gene polymorphism.Results:(1) The polymorphisms rs13045 and rs867529 of EIF2AK3 gene were associated with the occurrence of GHD ( P<0.05). (2) The haplotypes GACTG and GAGTT composed of SNPs rs1805165, rs13045, rs867529, rs11684404, and rs6547787 of EIF2AK3 gene increased the risk of GHD with OR (95% CI) of 2.05 (1.33-3.17) and 2.62 (1.48-4.65), respectively. The haplotypes GACTT and TGCCG reduced the risk of GHD, with OR (95% CI) of 0.68 (0.48-0.97) and 0.36 (0.23-0.57), respectively. (3) After determination the relationship between different genotypes and efficacy of rhGH with rs13045 and rs867529, it was found that there was no significant difference in height gain between rs13045 genotypes after rhGH treatment ( P>0.05). Compared with CC genotype, there was a less height gain of CG genotype at rs867529 by 0.099 cm for every 30 d( β=-0.099, 95% CI -0.162--0.018, P=0.016). Conclusions:The EIF2AK3 gene polymorphism (rs13045, rs867529) was associated with the occurrence of GHD. The height gain of CG genotype of rs867529 was lower than that of CC genotype in children with GHD treated with rhGH. The EIF2AK3 locus rs867529 genotype was associated with rhGH efficacy.

Diagnosis and treatment of 15 cases of idiopathic subglottic stenosis / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective@#The aim of this study is to o explore the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of idiopathic subglottic stenosis （ISS） @*Method@#The clinical data of 15 patients with idiopathic subglottic stenosis treated in our department were analyzed retrospectively. The degree of stenosis was classified by the Cotton Airway grading system of Myer, with 8 cases of gradeⅡ, 4 cases of grade Ⅲ and 3 cases of grade Ⅳ. @*Result@#The time of follow-up of HTSS was 0.5-10 years. All 15 patients were successfully extubated without asphyxia, decannulation and wound nonunion. @*Conclusion@#For patients with idiopathic subglottic stenosis in the non-progressive stage, active surgical treatment strategy should be adopted and treated individually. The prognosis is satisfactory.

Diagnosis and treatment of 15 cases of idiopathic subglottic stenosis / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

The aim of this study is to o explore the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of idiopathic subglottic stenosis （ISS） The clinical data of 15 patients with idiopathic subglottic stenosis treated in our department were analyzed retrospectively. The degree of stenosis was classified by the Cotton Airway grading system of Myer, with 8 cases of gradeⅡ, 4 cases of grade Ⅲ and 3 cases of grade Ⅳ. The time of follow-up of HTSS was 0.5-10 years. All 15 patients were successfully extubated without asphyxia, decannulation and wound nonunion. For patients with idiopathic subglottic stenosis in the non-progressive stage, active surgical treatment strategy should be adopted and treated individually. The prognosis is satisfactory.

Predicting complexation performance between cyclodextrins and guest molecules by integrated machine learning and molecular modeling techniques

Most pharmaceutical formulation developments are complex and ideal formulations are generally obtained after extensive experimentation. Machine learning is increasingly advancing many aspects in modern society and has achieved significant success in multiple subjects. Current research demonstrated that machine learning can be adopted to build up high-accurate predictive models in drugs/cyclodextrins (CDs) systems. Molecular descriptors of compounds and experimental conditions were employed as inputs, while complexation free energy as outputs. Results showed that the light gradient boosting machine provided significantly improved predictive performance over random forest and deep learning. The mean absolute error was 1.38 kJ/mol and squared correlation coefficient was 0.86. The evaluation of relative importance of molecular descriptors further demonstrated the key factors affecting molecular interactions in drugs/CD systems. In the specific ketoprofen-CD systems, machine learning model showed better predictive performance than molecular modeling calculation, while molecular simulation could provide structural, dynamic and energetic information. The integration of machine learning and molecular simulation could produce synergistic effect for interpreting and predicting pharmaceutical formulations. In conclusion, the developed predictive models were able to quickly and accurately predict the solubilizing capacity of CD systems. Current research has taken an important step toward the application of machine learning in pharmaceutical formulation design.

Function analysis of hospital mobile applications based on Kano model / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective To promote the building of the hospital mobile applications architecture in a scientific,user-centered,and needs-oriented way.Methods Function points from mobile applications were rounded up for classification and ranking by means of Kano model and double factor questionnaire survey,for the purpose of qualitative and quantitative analysis of 12 hospitals and identifying the core needs of patients.Statistical methods such as descriptive analysis were used to analyze the data.Results 16 function points of mobile applications were rounded up from 12 hospitals,finding that 12 of their 16 App functions were located in the upper half of the quartile graph,namely appointment and result inquiry.These 12 functions if well met will upgrade patient satisfaction.Conclusions High focus on mobile applications is imperative to upgrade hospital's intelligent medical services,improve the medical efficiency and satisfaction.

Survey on the home environmental hazards related to falls of the elderly in Changning District, Shanghai / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To investigate the current situation of home environment safety of the elderly in Changning District, identify the risk factors related to the fall of the home environment of the elderly, and take targeted rectification measures, so as to create a safer environment for the elderly. Methods A phased random sampling method was used to select 201 elderly households from 10 streets in Changning District. Community doctors conducted on-the-spot investigation and assessment to collect information, and Epidata3.1 was used to input data and SAS 9.2 was used for statistical analysis. Results The incidence of falls in the past year was 19.90%, and the score of environmental risk factors/the number of environmental risk factors in each family ranged from 0 to 25, with an average of 9 items (standard deviation of 4.71). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis show that the high level of falling environment (the number of falling risk factors in home environment ≥12) is still an independent risk factor for falls of the elderly, except for the influence of age and the number of drugs taken (OR=3.835, 95% CI:1.718-8.561). Conclusion The environmental risk factors causing falls are common in the home environment of the elderly in the community. It is necessary to focus on improving the home environment, reducing the risk of falls for the elderly, and creating a safe and comfortable home environment for the elderly.