Isolated cervical anterior spinal artery aneurysm: case report.

Isolated cervical anterior spinal artery (CASA) aneurysms are extremely rare with most of them mostly associated with arteriovenous malformation. The underlying pathology is not known but some factors leading to the aneurysm are inflammatory, infection and connective tissue disorders. Trauma with formation of pseudoaneurysm has also been reported. We report a case which presented with fourth ventricle bleed and was managed successfully with conservative treatment.

Hyperostotic Sphenoid Wing Meningioma with Proptosis: A Rare Case Report with Literature Review.

BACKGROUND: We present a case of proptosis with headache, decrease in vision and orbital pain where patient underwent sphenoid-orbital decompression, and excision of mass, resulting in significant improvement in her vision with complete resolution of proptosis, headache and orbital pain. This study was done to diagnose and evaluate clinical outcome of hyperostotic sphenoid wing meningioma with orbital involvement after surgery. CASE: A 40 year-female presented with severe headache, right eye swelling, periorbital pain and decreasing in vision for two years, and right eye proptosis more severe for three months. OBSERVATIONS: She underwent right frontotemporal craniotomy with removal of hyperostotic sphenoid wing and excision of meningioma after magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a right sphenoid wing meningioma extending orbital and middle cranial fossa. She had improvement of her symptoms post-operatively. CONCLUSION: Surgical decompression of orbit with total resection of meningioma and sphenoid wing hyperostosis can result in significant improvement in the vision and proptosis.

Surgical Excision of Cirsoid Aneurysm of the Scalp: Case Series and Review of the Literature.

BACKGROUND: Cirsoid aneurysms, also known as arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), of the scalp are relatively rare lesions. They may be found incidentally or with symptoms such as an enlarging pulsatile mass, headache, or bleeding. METHODS: This retrospective case series comprised 10 cases of scalp AVMs that were treated with surgical excision from January 2010 to January 2020. Diagnosis was made with simple palpation and computed tomography angiography. Scalp AVMs were categorized according to the Schobinger classification. RESULTS: There were 10 patients, 8 males and 2 females, with a mean age of 22.6 years (range, 10-40 years). All patients underwent ligation of the feeding artery with total excision of the AVM. There were no postoperative complications or recurrences during a mean follow-up of 21.6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative embolization reduces vascularity and helps in easy identification as well as complete excision of cirsoid aneurysms during surgery. However, surgical excision alone of cirsoid aneurysms also results in excellent outcomes.

Clinical, radiological and endocrinological findings in a case of McCune-Albright syndrome.

The McCune-Albright syndrome was described as a syndrome of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, café au lait skin pigmentation, and autonomous endocrine hyperfunction in 1937. We report a 17-year girl with early menarche and accelerated growth for the past three years. The endocrinological examination showed slight rise of growth hormone with other hormones in normal range. The CT showed an expansive bony lesion over the left parietal area. The bone mass was excised with bone cement cranioplasty performed for the defect. Histology confirmed it was fibrous dysplasia. Although uncommon, this syndrome must be kept in mind in cases with bony abnormalities and extensive endocrinological workup done and treatment given for best results.

Cerebral Tuberculoma of Right Frontal Lobe in an Unconscious Patient.

Cerebral tuberculoma of the brain are uncommon presentation of tuberculosis (1%). A 17-year female presented to the emergency with a Glasgow Coma Score of (eye-1, verbal-1 and motor-3), 5/15 bilateral fixed pupils with laborious breathing. The radiological features were suggestive of aintracerebral abscess/ glioma. Intraoperatively the brain was very tense and a large, vascular, mass was present that was excised completely. Her histopathology revealed features of tuberculoma and she was started on anti-tubercular treatment. She is discharged home with regular follow-up for the last 10 months.Cerebral tuberculoma although uncommon should be thought of in developing countries as differential of cystic enhancing lesions of the brain. Keywords: Abscess; central nervous system; glioma; tuberculoma; tuberculosis.

Giant sacrococcygeal teratoma in an adult: case report.

Congenital sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) is the most common germ cell tumour of infancy and childhood. Authors report a case of 18-year-old female with progressively enlarging sacral mass since birth. MRI showed a solid-cystic mass with no involvement of surrounding structures and it was excised completely by the post-anal route.

Primary Pituitary Tubercular Abscess: A Case Report.

Primary pituitary tubercular abscess is a very rare disease. It may present clinically with visual loss, headache, seizure, hormonal abnormalities or with cranial nerve palsies. MRI is the diagnostic modality and shows a cystic-solid mass in the sellar and suprasellar region, isointense on T1 and T2W images with heterogeneous areas and ring enhancement on contrast. Surgery remains the initial treatment and it is approached through the trans-sphenoidal/trans-nasal or transcranial route followed by anti-tubercular therapy. We report a case of primary pituitary tubercular abscess managed successfully with a brief review of its pathology. Keywords: abscess; pituitary gland; pyogenic; sella; tuberculosis.

Traumatic Luxation of the Eye Ball with Optic Nerve Transection Following Road Traffic Accident: Report of Two Cases and Brief Review of Literature.

BACKGROUND: Traumatic luxation of the eye ball is rare with only 106 cases reported in PubMed till date. The anatomic location of the eyeball within the socket and the resilience of the globe to pressure force, attachment to extraocular muscles and optic nerve prevents luxation during trauma. CASE: Road traffic accidents (RTA) is the most common cause for these injuries and the outcome can vary from complete recovery on repositioning to visual loss due to globe perforation or optic nerve injury. We report two unique cases of traumatic right globe luxation and complete optic nerve transection due to RTA and give a brief review of literature. CONCLUSION: RTA leading to eye ball luxation though rare can be a challenging situation when encountered. Given the limited time for the salvage of the eye early intervention is not always possible especially in developing countries where there is delay in reaching the hospital. Despite all these confounding factors attempt must be made to salvage the eye either for functional, cosmetic or psychological reasons.