ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is a major complication of critically ill COVID-19 patients, with a high mortality rate and potentially preventable. Thus, identifying patients at high risk of CAPA would be of great interest. We intended to develop a clinical prediction score capable of stratifying patients according to the risk for CAPA at ICU admission. METHODS: Single centre retrospective case-control study. A case was defined as a patient diagnosed with CAPA according to 2020 ECMM/ISHAM consensus criteria. 2 controls were selected for each case among critically ill COVID-19 patients. RESULTS: 28 CAPA patients and 56-matched controls were included. Factors associated with CAPA included old age (68 years vs. 62, p = .033), active smoking (17.9% vs. 1.8%, p = .014), chronic respiratory diseases (48.1% vs. 26.3%, p = .043), chronic renal failure (25.0% vs. 3.6%, p = .005), chronic corticosteroid treatment (28.6% vs. 1.8%, p < .001), tocilizumab therapy (92.9% vs. 66.1%, p = .008) and high APACHE II at ICU admission (median 13 vs. 10 points, p = .026). A score was created including these variables, which showed an area under the receiver operator curve of 0.854 (95% CI 0.77-0.92). A punctuation below 6 had a negative predictive value of 99.6%. A punctuation of 10 or higher had a positive predictive value of 27.9%. CONCLUSION: We present a clinical prediction score that allowed to stratify critically ill COVID-19 patients according to the risk for developing CAPA. This CAPA score would allow to target preventive measures. Further evaluation of the score, as well as the utility of these targeted preventive measures, is needed.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis , Pulmonary Aspergillosis , Aged , COVID-19/complications , Case-Control Studies , Critical Illness , Humans , Intensive Care Units , Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis/complications , Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis/diagnosis , Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis/drug therapy , Pulmonary Aspergillosis/complications , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
Introduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a well-known factor associated with invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised hosts. However, its association with COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) has not been described. We aimed to examine the possible link between CMV replication and CAPA occurrence. Methods: A single-center, retrospective case-control study was conducted. A case was defined as a patient diagnosed with CAPA according to 2020 ECMM/ISHAM consensus criteria. Two controls were selected for each case among critically ill COVID-19 patients. Results: In total, 24 CAPA cases were included, comprising 14 possible CAPA and 10 probable CAPA. Additionally, 48 matched controls were selected. CMV replication was detected more frequently in CAPA than in controls (75.0% vs. 35.4%, p = 0.002). Probable CMV end-organ disease was more prevalent in CAPA (20.8% vs. 4.2%, p = 0.037). After adjusting for possible confounding factors, CMV replication persisted strongly associated with CAPA (OR 8.28 95% CI 1.90-36.13, p = 0.005). Among 11 CAPA cases with CMV PCR available prior to CAPA, in 9 (81.8%) cases, CMV replication was observed prior to CAPA diagnosis. Conclusions: Among critically ill COVID-19 patients, CMV replication was associated with CAPA and could potentially be considered a harbinger of CAPA. Further studies are needed to confirm this association.
ABSTRACT
The importance of constipation lies in its frequency, even among the healthy. The incidence of constipation in oncological patients is 70-80% in the final stage, 40-50% in advanced disease, and 90% in patients with aggressive cancer. This disorder is not only uncomfortable for the patient but also causes complications. Prolonged constipation can cause abdominal pain and even increase the pain caused by the tumor and stronger pain relief can be required when the constipation is unresolved. Among the complications that can occur are intestinal obstruction, diarrhea by spillage, urinary dysfunction, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, restlessness, malaise, and confusion. When analyzing this problem, we aim to unify criteria and nursing interventions, emphasize the importance of prevention, and solve the problem. Health education of both the patient and the main caregiver aid control of this disorder after discharge. The patient will be able to identify the appearance of constipation, its causes and symptoms and will be familiar with the treatment and when and where to go to review it.
Subject(s)
Constipation/epidemiology , Constipation/nursing , Neoplasms/epidemiology , Nursing Care/methods , Diet , Exercise , Humans , Laxatives/therapeutic use , Neoplasms/therapy , Palliative Care , Patient Education as TopicABSTRACT
Ambulatory surgery aims to improve the quality of care, provide services in an environment closer to users' normal surroundings, reduce the risk of nosocomial infection and release hospital beds for other uses demanded by the population, thus reducing health costs. Nursing activity in these units should aim to restore health and aid the rapid recovery of patients in their homes. To achieve this, an effective health education program is required. Such programs should be simple and, at the same time, cover the care that these patients will require during the recovery period at home. The unit covers patients in the Virgen de Rocío University Hospital, The Fleming Peripheral Center for Specialties and the Virgen de los Reyes Peripheral Center for Specialties in Seville, Spain and the the specialties included are plastic surgery, otorhinolaryngology, orthopedic surgery, urology, and general surgery. The duration of the education program will be at most 14-17 h.
Subject(s)
Ambulatory Surgical Procedures/nursing , Humans , SpainABSTRACT
La cirugía mayor ambulatoria tiene como propósito mejorar la calidad asistencial, ofrecer servicios a los usuarios en un ambiente más próximo a su entorno habitual, reduciendo el riesgo de infección nosocomial y liberar camas hospitalarias para otros usos demandados por la población, reduciendo el gasto sanitario. El objeto del trabajo enfermero en estas unidades debe ir encaminado a restablecer la salud y la pronta recuperación del paciente en su domicilio, por lo cual es necesario un buen programa educativo que sea simple y a la vez cubra todas las necesidades de cuidados que estos pacientes van a precisar en su postoperatorio domiciliario. La población que cubre esta unidad es la del Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Centro de Especialidades Periférico de Fleming y Centro de Especialidades Periférico Virgen de los Reyes. Las especialidades acogidas por esta unidad son: otorrinolaringología, traumatología, urología y cirugía general. La duración del programa educativo será como máximo de 14-17 h
Ambulatory surgery aims to improve the quality of care, provide services in an environment closer to users normal surroundings, reduce the risk of nosocomial infection and release hospital beds for other uses demanded by the population, thus reducing health costs1. Nursing activity in these units should aim to restore health and aid the rapid recovery of patients in their homes. To achieve this, an effective health education program is required. Such programs should be simple and, at the same time, cover the care that these patients will require during the recovery period at home.The unit covers patients in the Virgen de Rocío University Hospital, The Fleming Peripheral Center for Specialties and the Virgen de los Reyes Peripheral Center for Specialties in Seville, Spain and the the specialties included are plastic surgery, otorhinolaryngology, orthopedic surgery, urology, and general surgery. The duration of the education program will be at most 14-17h