Atomic-scale probing of heterointerface phonon bridges in nitride semiconductor.

Interface phonon modes that are generated by several atomic layers at the heterointerface play a major role in the interface thermal conductance for nanoscale high-power devices such as nitride-based high-electron-mobility transistors and light-emitting diodes. Here we measure the local phonon spectra across AlN/Si and AlN/Al interfaces using atomically resolved vibrational electron energy-loss spectroscopy in a scanning transmission electron microscope. At the AlN/Si interface, we observe various interface phonon modes, of which the extended and localized modes act as bridges to connect the bulk AlN modes and bulk Si modes and are expected to boost the phonon transport, thus substantially contributing to interface thermal conductance. In comparison, no such phonon bridge is observed at the AlN/Al interface, for which partially extended modes dominate the interface thermal conductivity. This work provides valuable insights into understanding the interfacial thermal transport in nitride semiconductors and useful guidance for thermal management via interface engineering.

Distress, support and psychological resilience of psychiatric nurses as second victims after violence: A cross-sectional study.

AIM: The aim is to explore the impact of violence and psychological resilience on psychiatric nurses as second victims. BACKGROUND: Workplace violence is a public health concern, seriously influencing medical staff's physical and mental health. However, few pieces of research have concentrated on psychiatric nurses as second victims. METHOD: The socio-demographic data, violence-related data, psychological resilience scale, the Chinese version of the Second Victim Experience and Support Tool were applied to conduct a cross-sectional survey on nurses from psychiatric hospitals. The multiple linear regression model identified significant variables associated with violence-related injury and resilience. RESULTS: A total of 683 nurses completed the survey, of whom 88.3% were women. The average scores of the second victims' experience and support, support and distress were 3.45 ± 0.43, 3.71 ± 0.57 and 3.19 ± 0.67, respectively. Physical violence, psychological violence, psychological influence and nursing work environment were positively correlated with the experience and support of the second victims, and innocuous violence was a negative factor, which explains 20.6% of the variation. Moreover, physical injury, nursing work environment, resilience restructuring, physical violence, psychological violence, psychological impact and disagreement about the existence of violence explained 14.8% of the distress. The innocuous violence, psychological violence and nursing work environment explained 46.2% of the support. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that nurses who are second victims after the violence mainly suffer from severe psychological distress and receive the least support for the same. IMPLICATION FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: The study provides clues to help nursing managers' emphasis on the distress and support of second victims and provides targeted intervention based on the relevant factors and these results. The article is a cross-sectional study of psychiatric nurses, which has been approved by the ethics committee of the hospital before the survey. All the nurses who participated in the survey have been informed and agreed.

The impact of the second victim's experience and support on the career success of psychiatric nurses: The mediating effect of psychological resilience.

AIMS: We explored the mediating role of psychological resilience in the experience and support of psychiatric nurses as the second victims and their career success. BACKGROUND: Psychiatric nurses, as the primary victims of workplace violence, experience physical and psychological distress, which leads to high resignation rate and job burnout. However, not much is known about the mediating role of psychological resilience between the second victims of workplace violence and their career success. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 683 psychiatric nurses. The participants were scored according to the Chinese career success scale, Chinese version of the psychological resilience scale for nurses and Chinese version of the second victim experience and support tool. The t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used to compare the factors affecting career success. RESULTS: Career success scores differed among nurses of different ages having different employment forms, role and working years (p < .05). Mediating effect analysis revealed that psychological resilience played a full mediating role in the experience and support of second victims and their career success. CONCLUSION: Psychological resilience-based interventions should be developed to improve the psychological adjustment ability of psychiatric nurses and to strengthen their career success. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Nursing managers should create more opportunities and a harmonious working environment and enhance the management system for dealing with workplace violence.

Histone acetyltransferase 1 up regulates Bcl2L12 expression in nasopharyngeal cancer cells.

The deregulation of Bcl2L12 expression in cancer has been recognized, but the causative factors are unknown. Histone acetyltransferases (HAT) play critical roles in the regulation gene transcription. This study tests a hypothesis that the aberrant activities of HAT induce deregulation of Bcl2L12 in nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). In this study, human NPC tissues were collected from the clinic. The expression of Bcl2L12 and HATs in NPC cells was analyzed by real time RT-PCR and Western blotting. NPC cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. The results showed that by screening the subtypes of HAT, the levels of HAT1 were uniquely higher in NPC as compared with non-cancer nasopharyngeal tissue. The levels of Bcl2L12 in NPC cells were positively correlated with HAT1. HAT1 involved in the STAT5 binding to the Bcl2L12 promoter. HAT1 increased the expression of Bcl2L12. Bcl2L12 mediated the effects of HAT1 on suppressing NPC cell apoptosis. Absorption of the HAT1 shRNA plasmid-carrying liposomes induced NPC cell apoptosis. In conclusion, inhibition of HAT1 can induce NPC cell apoptosis via increasing Bcl2L12 expression, which can be a potential therapy for NPC treatment.

FOXA1 prolongs S phase and promotes cancer progression in non-small cell lung cancer through upregulation of CDC5L and activation of the ERK1/2 and JAK2 pathways.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) causes high mortality worldwide; however, its molecular pathways have not been fully investigated. The relationship between FOXA1 and CDC5L as well as their roles in NSCLC have not been comprehensively studied. Clinical tissues were collected from 78 NSCLC patients for clinical studies. The BEAS-2B human normal lung epithelial cell line and the A549, Calu-3, H526 and H2170 human NSCLC cell lines were used for in vitro studies. sh-FOXA1 and oe-CDC5L constructs were used to generate knockdown and overexpression models, respectively. The CCK-8 assay was used to analyze cell viability. The cell cycle and apoptosis were evaluated by flow cytometry analysis. The relationship between FOXA1 and CDC5L was demonstrated using dual-luciferase and ChIP assays. Gene levels were examined via immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. FOXA1 levels were increased in NSCLC clinical tissues and cell lines. Depletion of FOXA1 increased the apoptosis rate and increased the proportion of cells in G2/M phase. In addition, we demonstrated that FOXA1 was directly bound to the promoter of CDC5L and that depletion of FOXA1 inhibited CDC5L expression. Overexpression of CDC5L induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation, induced JAK2 phosphorylation, inhibited cell apoptosis, prolonged S phase, and significantly reversed the effects of FOXA1 knockdown on the progression of NSCLC. The present study demonstrated that FOXA1 prolongs S phase and promotes NSCLC progression through upregulation of CDC5L and activation of the ERK1/2 and JAK2 pathways.

Design and fabrication of diffraction grating with optimized efficiency for transient grating spectroscopy.

Transient grating spectroscopy (TGS) based on diffraction gratings is a powerful optical method for studying the transport of energy carriers such as phonons and electrons. The diffraction grating in a TGS system is a key component to form a large-area interference pattern, i.e., transient grating, and to study the mean free path distribution of energy carriers. In this work, a design method for polarization-insensitive diffraction gratings with periods in the range 2-50 µm for TGS by a combination of rigorous coupled wave analysis and genetic algorithm was discussed. The method was tested for pump/probe wavelength of 515/532 or 1030/808 nm. Each ±1st diffraction order carries 35%-40% of the incident energy and the diffraction efficiencies of the other orders are lower than 10%. The optimized diffraction gratings were fabricated by a combination of photolithography and inductively coupled plasma etching, with the processing parameters introduced in detail, and their optical characteristics were evaluated. Finally, as a demonstration, the diffraction gratings for 1030/808 nm were applied to TGS to study the thermal transport properties of Ge. This work provides a useful guide for future applications and the development of TGS.

MiR-421 promotes lipid metabolism by targeting PTEN via activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in non-small cell lung cancer.

Aims: We aim to investigate the effects of miR-421 on lipid metabolism in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: The miR-421 expression and PTEN mRNA level in tumor tissues, adjacent normal tissues, human lung epithelial cells and NSCLC cell lines were detected with reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR. Results: MiR-421 was increased, and PTEN was reduced remarkably in tumor tissues and NSCLC cell lines. Down-regulated miR-421 suppressed lipid accumulation, cell proliferation, migration and invasion, whereas overexpression of miR-421 had the opposite effects. MiR-421 directly targeted PTEN and negatively regulated PTEN expression. MiR-421 activated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway through regulating PTEN. Conclusion: MiR-421 promotes lipid metabolism through targeting PTEN via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activation in NSCLC, indicating that miR-421 can be a latent therapeutic target for NSCLC.

Lay abstract Numerous miRNAs are dysregulated in lung cancer, which play vital roles in tumor progression. Currently, the alteration of lipid metabolism has been recognized as a critical hallmark of cancer. In the present study, we found that miR-421 targeted PTEN to promote lipid metabolism via activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in NSCLC. This study might provide a deeper insight into the prognostics strategies for lung cancer by understanding the specific mechanism of miR-421 in lipid metabolism.

Effect of IoT-based power cycling and quadriceps training on pain and function in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled trial protocol.

BACKGROUND: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic musculoskeletal disease affecting the entire joint. Exercise therapy is the core treatment plan for non-surgical treatment of KOA, and tele-rehabilitation is also applied to KOA, but there is a lack of research on the comparison of pain and function recovery between different exercise methods combined Internet respectively. The study aims to compare the effects of power cycling and quadriceps training combined with online guidance separately on KOA mitigation of pain, recovery of function, quality of life, and adherence of participants in the community, compared to the control group. METHODS: This study is a single-blind, 12-week parallel randomized controlled trial. Seventy-two participants aged ≥ 50 years with KOA will be randomized into either the power cycling group, the quadriceps group or the control group. The intervention will be performed three times per week during 12 weeks. Outcome measures will be assessed at baseline, and at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after allocation. The primary outcome will be self-reported pain, assessed with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain subscale. Secondary outcomes will include mitigation of knee pain, quality of life, improvement of functional physical performance, adherence of participants. DISCUSSION: By summarizing the study's strengths and limitations, this trial results may guide tele-rehabilitation of KOA in the community.Trial registration: The study was registered in the clinical trial registry ChiCTR2200059255, 27/04/2022.

Ni Hierarchical Structures Supported on Titania Nanowire Arrays as Efficient Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensor.

Developing new advanced nonenzymatic electrochemical nano-sensors for glucose detection has attracted intensive attraction. In this work, we designed a novel nanocomposite nonenzymatic glucose sensor by fabricating hierarchically nanostructured metal nickel on titania nanowire arrays, which was loaded on a transparent conductive substrate (i.e., fluorine-doped tin oxide, FTO) surface by mild hydrothermal method. Due to the large surface area of the hierarchically nanostructured Ni and fast electron transfer of the TiO2 nanowire arrays electrode, the nanocomposite electrode shows excellent electrochemical activity toward the oxidation of glucose. The electrode exhibits high sensitivity in detecting glucose concentration (1472 µA mM-1 cm-2) with a wide linear range from 2×10-4 M to 2×10-3 M, fast response time (within 5 s), and small detection limit (10 µM) (S/N = 3). The good analytical performance, low cost and simple preparation method make this novel electrode material promising for the development of effective glucose nonenzymatic glucose sensor.

Effect of fenofibrate on the expression of miR-26a-5p/PTEN in retinal neurons of diabetic mice / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To study the protective effect of fenofibrate on diabetic retinal neurodegeneration and observe its effect on miR-26a-5p and its target gene PTEN in the retinal of diabetic mice.METHODS: Diabetic mice models were established and they were gavaged by fenofibrate. H&#x0026;#x0026; E staining and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the impairments of retinal neurons. Real-time PCR was used to examine the expression of miR-26a-5p, and Western blotting was employed to measure the expression of phosphatase and tensin homologue(PTEN)in the retina of diabetic mice. The expression level of nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB), interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and the morphology of neural tissues were observed.RESULTS: When compared with the diabetic mice, fenofibrate significantly attenuated the damage to retinal ganglion cells and the atrophy of retinal nerve fiber layer. While the level of miR-26a-5p was increased and the levels of PTEN and inflammatory mediators were significantly decreased in the retina of fenofibrate treated diabetic mice, with significant statistical significance(P&#x0026;#x003C;0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Fenofibrate protects against diabetic retinal neurodegeneration by upregulating miR-26a-5p and inhibiting PTEN, attenuating the inflammatory response and alleviating retinal cell injury.

Low-temperature condensation deposition method for 3D printing of bone tissue engineering poly-L-lactic acid/pearl powder composite scaffold / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:The repair of large-scale bone defects is still facing serious challenges.It is of great significance to develop personalized,low-cost,and osteogenic-inducing tissue engineering scaffolds for bone repair. OBJECTIVE:To explore the process of 3D printing bone tissue engineering scaffold containing pearl composite material by low-temperature condensation deposition method,and further test the physicochemical properties and in vitro biological functions of the composite scaffold. METHODS:Pearl powder was prepared by grinding and sieving.The pearl powder of different qualities was added into the poly-L-lactic acid ink,so that the mass ratio of pearl powder to poly-L-lactic acid was 0,0.1,0.2,0.3,and 0.5,respectively.The 3D-printed poly-L-lactic acid/pearl powder scaffolds were prepared using the low-temperature condensation deposition method.The microstructure,compressive properties,water contact angle,cytocompatibility,and in vitro bone differentiation ability of the printed poly-L-lactic acid/pearl powder composite scaffolds were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Scanning electron microscopy showed that the five groups of scaffolds all had micropores with a diameter of 2 μm or even smaller,irregular shapes and interconnectivity.(2)All the five groups had good compressive properties.The compressive strength of the pearl powder 0.5 group was higher than that of the other four groups(P<0.05).The water contact angle of the pearl powder 0.2 group and the pearl powder 0.5 group was smaller than that of the pearl powder 0 group(P<0.01,P<0.001).(3)Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were co-cultured with five groups of scaffolds for 1,3,and 5 days,respectively.The cell proliferation in pearl powder 0.1,0.2,0.3,and 0.5 groups cultured for 3 and 5 days was faster than that in pearl powder 0 group(P<0.05).After 1 day of culture,live-dead staining exhibited that the number of cells on the scaffold was small,but all of them were living cells.(4)Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were inoculated on the scaffold surface of the pearl powder 0 group and pearl powder 0.1 group respectively for osteogenic differentiation.The alkaline phosphatase activity induced for 4 and 6 days in the pearl powder 0.1 group was higher than that in the pearl powder 0 group(P<0.05).(5)The results showed that the poly-L-lactic acid/pearl powder composite scaffold had good compressive strength,hydrophilicity,cytocompatibility,and osteogenic properties.

Efficacy of melatonin therapy for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: systematic review and meta-analysis / 中国新生儿科杂志

Objective:To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of melatonin for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).Methods:From the inception of the databases to December 1, 2022, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies on the use of melatonin for HIE were searched in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane library, Embase, Chinese Medical Journal Full-text Database, CNKI, Wanfang Database and VIP Database. Meta-analysis, literature risk assessment and sensitivity analysis were conducted using R4.2.2 software and RevMan5.4 software.Results:A total of 4 eligible RCTs were found, including 155 patients. Meta-analysis showed that melatonin could reduce the mortality rate ( RR=0.336, 95% CI0.157-0.718, P=0.005) and white blood cell count in HIE infants ( MD=-1.74, 95% CI -3.404--0.079, P=0.040). Sensitivity analysis showed that the Meta-analysis results were generally stable after excluding the studies one by one. Conclusions:Current evidence shows that melatonin can reduce mortality in HIE infants. However, the included studies have high risk of bias and small sample sizes. More high-quality studies are still needed.

Effects of Different Pellet Feed Hardness on Growth and Reproduction, Feed Utilization Rate, and Environmental Dust in Laboratory Mice / 实验动物与比较医学

Objective To study the effects of different pellet feed hardness on the growth and reproduction, feed utilization rate, and environmental dust in laboratory mice.Methods One hundred of fifty 50 3-week-old SPF-grade C57BL/6JGpt and 150 ICR laboratory mice were randomly divided into three groups, with an equal number of males and females. They were fed diets with different hardness of 18.62 kg, 23.15 kg, and 27.89 kg. Body weight, feed utilization rate, and dust levels in cages were recorded and calculated for mice aged 3-10 weeks. Forty-five 6-week-old male mice and ninety 4-week-old female mice from each strain were randomly divided into three groups and fed pellet feeds with three different hardness levels. After 2 weeks of adaptation to the same hardness feed, the mice were paired at a 1∶2 male-to-female ratio and monitored for reproductive data for 3 months.Results At the age of 4 weeks, the body weight of male C57BL/6JGpt mice in 23.15 kg group was significantly higher than that in the 18.62 kg and 27.89 kg groups (P<0.01), and the body weight of females in the 18.62 kg group was significantly higher than that in the 27.89 kg group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in body weight among ICR mice aged 3-10 weeks across different feed hardness groups (P>0.05). For both strains, feed utilization rate for males was higher than that for females across different feed hardness groups at all weeks of age (P<0.01). Compared to the 27.89 kg group, both the 18.62 kg and 23.15 kg groups showed a significant increase in the 50-mesh dust levels in cages for both strains aged 4-8 weeks (except for 7-week-old C57BL/6JGpt mice) (P<0.05). For both C57BL/6JGpt and ICR mice, there was no significant difference in basic reproductive performance such as interval between the first litter and the monthly production index among the three feed hardness groups during the experimental period (P>0.05). However, the monthly production index of C57BL/6JGpt mice first increased and then decreased with the increase of feed hardness, while that of ICR mice increased with increasing feed hardness, though these differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclusion Different strains and genders had different tolerance to feed hardness. C57BL/6JGpt mice are more adapted to lower hardness feeds, while ICR mice are better suited to slightly higher hardness feeds.

Etiology and clinical characteristics of membranous nephropathy in Chinese patients.

BACKGROUND: Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a common cause of proteinuria and can be subdivided into idiopathic and secondary classifications. Most patients with MN present with associated systemic diseases that need to be identified before appropriately diagnosing idiopathic MN. However, the cause and clinical characteristics of MN in Chinese patients have not been investigated. STUDY DESIGN: Case series. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: Patients with biopsy-proven MN at the Research Institute of Nephrology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China. OUTCOME: The diagnosis of idiopathic and secondary MN was based on clinical, initial laboratory, and histological findings. RESULTS: 390 patients with MN were identified from 1985 to 2005. Of 390 patients with MN, 124 (31.8%) had idiopathic MN and 266 had secondary MN (68.2%). Of patients with idiopathic MN, 75 (60.5%) were men and 49 (39.5%) were women. Mean age was 43.9 +/- 13.2 years (range, 14 to 78 years). Common presentations of idiopathic MN were 60.5% with proteinuria (39.5% of whom presented with nephrotic syndrome), 29.8% with hypertension, 17.7% with hematuria, and 0.8% with decreased kidney function. In patients with secondary MN, causes were autoimmune diseases (73.3%), infections (17.7%), tumors (4.5%), and drugs or toxins (4.5%). Systemic lupus erythematosus was the most common autoimmune disease (predominately in younger women). Hepatitis B predominated in younger men. Greater levels of proteinuria were found in patients who presented with drugs or toxins compared with patients with other secondary MNs (P < 0.05). LIMITATIONS: Not all patients underwent all tests, particularly serum tumor markers, hepatitis C virus antibody, and hepatitis C virus RNA tests. CONCLUSION: Proteinuria was a common presentation in patients with idiopathic MN, which was predominately found in middle-aged to elderly men. Secondary MN was more common than idiopathic MN, and most secondary MN diagnoses were secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus and hepatitis B infection.

Analysis of risk factors associated with lower extremity venous thromboembolism after transurethral resection of prostate / 国际外科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the risk factors of lower extremity venous thromboembolism (VTE) after transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) in patients with prostatic hyperplasia.Methods:The clinical data of 464 patients with prostatic hyperplasia who underwent TURP in Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from July 2018 to August 2022 were collected retrospectively. Including basic information, prostate volume, operation time, Caprini score, plasma D-dimer level, postoperative complications and so on. They were divided into two groups according to whether lower extremity VTE occurs: VTE group ( n=25) and non-VTE group ( n=439). The potential risk factors of lower extremity VTE were determined by univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis, the risk prediction model was established, and the nomogram was drawn, the internal verification of Bootstrap was carried out, the correction curve was made, and the prediction ability of the model was verified by consistency index (C-index) and R2. Results:Among 464 patients, the incidence of lower extremity VTE was 5.4% (25/464). A total of 1.9% of the patients were diagnosed with deep venous thromboembolism and no pulmonary thromboembolism occurred. There were significant differences in Caprini score, operation time, age, diabetes, smoking history and previous thrombus history between VTE group and non-VTE group. Univariate analysis showed that age, operation time, Caprini score, history of diabetes, smoking and previous history of thrombosis may be the risk factors of postoperative lower extremity VTE. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that operation time ( OR=37.429, P=0.001) and Caprini score ( OR=3.306, P<0.001) were independent risk factors for postoperative lower extremity VTE. The risk of postoperative lower extremity VTE in patients with less than 60 minutes of operation was significantly lower than that in patients with more than 90 minutes ( OR=0.024, P<0.001), and the risk of postoperative lower extremity VTE in patients with Caprini scores of 4 and 5 was significantly lower than that of patients with 7 points ( OR=0.041 and 0.082, P=0.004 and 0.003). The nomogram was drawn according to the results of multivariate Logstic regression analysis. After internal verification, it was suggested that the nomogram has better prediction ability, C-index was 0.935, 95% CI: 0.906-0.965, R2 was 0.451. Conclusions:Caprini score and operation time are independent risk factors for lower extremity VTE after TURP of patients with prostatic hyperplasia. The nomogram model including operation time and Caprini score has good predictive efficiency and can help medical staff to predict the risk of lower extremity VTE after TURP.

Relationship between ATAD3A expression level in gastric cancer tissue and chemotherapy sensitivity and prognosis / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the relationship between ATPase Family AAA Domain Containing 3A (ATAD3A) expression level in gastric cancer tissue and chemotherapy sensitivity and prognosis.Methods:Eighty-six patients with advanced gastric cancer admitted to Shandong Second Rehabilitation Hospital from June 2020 to July 2021 were included in this study. Gastric cancer tissue and paracancer tissue samples were collected. ATAD3A expression level in gastric cancer tissue was detected using immunohistochemical staining with the SP method. ATAD3A expression was compared between gastric cancer tissue and paracancer tissue. The relationship between ATAD3A expression and clinical pathological parameters was analyzed. The relationship between ATAD3A expression level in gastric cancer tissue and chemotherapy sensitivity and prognosis was analyzed.Results:The ATAD3A-positive expression rate in the gastric cancer tissue was 75.58% (65/86), which was significantly higher than 43.02% (37/86) in the paracancer tissue ( χ2 = 18.89, P < 0.001). The expression level of ATAD3A in gastric cancer tissues was not correlated with gender, age, tumor diameter, clinical stage or lymph node metastasis (all P > 0.05). The proportion of low differentiation and distant metastasis in patients with ATAD3A-positive expression was significantly higher than that in patients with ATAD3A-negative expression ( χ2 = 5.71, 6.17, both P < 0.05). The total response rate of chemotherapy in patients with ATAD3A-positive expression was 60.00% (39/65), which was significantly lower than 85.71% (18/21) in patients with ATAD3A-negative expression ( χ2 = 4.55, P = 0.033). Of 86 patients, 59 were sensitive to paclitaxel and 56 to capecitabine. The sensitivity of paclitaxel and capecitabine in the ATAD3A-positive group was lower than that in the blank control group ( χ2 = 6.17, 5.19, both P < 0.05). After 1 year of follow-up, the cumulative survival rate in patients with ATAD3A-positive expression was 43.08% (28/65), which was significantly lower than 71.43% (15/21) in patients with ATAD3A-negative expression ( χ2 = 5.24, P < 0.05). The survival time of patients with ATAD3A-positive expression was (8.47 ± 2.13) months, which was significantly shorter than (13.62 ± 1.49) months for patients with ATAD3A-negative expression ( t = 6.29, P < 0.05). Cox multivariate regression analysis showed low differentiation ( HR = 6.22, 95% CI: 1.537-25.240), distant metastasis ( HR = 2.57, 95% CI: 1.396-4.742), and positive expression of ATAD3A ( HR = 10.60, 95% CI: 2.631-42.715) were independent factors that affect the survival time of patients with gastric cancer after chemotherapy ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:ATAD3A is expressed in gastric cancer tissue. Its expression level is closely related to chemotherapy sensitivity and prognosis. It provides an important reference value for the evaluation of chemotherapy efficacy and prognosis.

An improved OSEM iterative reconstruction algorithm for transmission tomographic gamma scanning.

As one of the most advanced non-destructive analytical techniques for nuclear wastes, tomographic Gamma Scanning (TGS) is able to give accurate quantitative and qualitative measurements of nuclear waste barrels. OSEM (Ordered Subsets Expectation Maximization) has been used in transmission TGS image reconstruction on account of its good reconstruction quality and ideal convergence rate. In this paper, an improved method-NMO-OSEM (Non-minimization optimization OSEM) was proposed, it's an iterative algorithm with corrected initial values optimized by non-minimization optimization method. To evaluate its performance, a TGS system is used to perform transmission measurements on barreled nuclear wastes. The results show: ①Compared with the reconstructed images by traditional OSEM under 6 transmission energies (122 keV, 344 keV, 779 keV, 964 keV, 1112 keV, 1408 keV), the improved NMO-OSEM has a great advantage in reducing the artifacts and effectively improving the quality of the reconstructed images. ②the attenuation coefficients values of 72 voxels under 3 emission energies (662 keV, 1173 keV and 1332 keV) reconstructed by the proposed algorithm are more accurate (range of error: 0.22%-13.83%) than reconstructed by traditional OSEM (range of error: 1.31%-32.21%), which proves this method has more stable reconstruction precision and could be regarded as an ideal option for real applications.

A cross-sectional study of enterovirus nucleic acid test with throat swabs for term late neonates during coronavirus disease 2019 / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the positive rate of enterovirus (EV) nucleic acid in throat swabs of term late neonates hospitalized during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic and the clinical characteristics of the neonates.@*METHODS@#A single-center cross-sectional study was performed on 611 term late infants who were hospitalized in the neonatal center from October 2020 to September 2021. Throat swabs were collected on admission for coxsackie A16 virus/EV71/EV universal nucleic acid testing. According to the results of EV nucleic acid test, the infants were divided into a positive EV nucleic acid group (8 infants) and a negative EV nucleic acid group (603 infants). Clinical features were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Among the 611 neonates, 8 tested positive for EV nucleic acid, with a positive rate of 13.1‰, among whom 7 were admitted from May to October. There was a significant difference in the proportion of infants contacting family members with respiratory infection symptoms before disease onset between the positive and negative EV nucleic acid groups (75.0% vs 10.9%, P<0.001). There were no significant differences between the two groups in demographic data, clinical symptoms, and laboratory test results (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#There is a certain proportion of term late infants testing positive for EV nucleic acid in throat swabs during the COVID-19 epidemic, but the proportion is low. The clinical manifestations and laboratory test results of these infants are non-specific. Transmission among family members might be an important cause of neonatal EV infection.

Analysis of pathological regularity and related risk factors of retinal nerve in-jury in patients with diabetes mellitus / 眼科新进展

Objective To observe the thickness changes in the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)and the ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer(GC-IPL)in the macular region,so as to analyze the pathological rules of retinal nerve injury in diabetes retinopathy(DR)patients and explore the related risk factors.Methods A total of 164 patients(164 eyes)with type 2 diabetes who visited the Department of Ophthalmology and Department of Endocrinology of Shaanxi Pro-vincial People's Hospital from January 1,2017 to January 1,2018 were selected as the subjects.According to the condition of concomitant DR,these subjects were divided into three groups:non-DR(NDR)group(56 eyes of 56 patients),mild non-proliferative DR(NPDR)group(53 eyes of 53 patients)and moderate NPDR group(55 eyes of 55 patients).Healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations in the same period were selected as the control group(50 eyes of 50 pa-tients).Optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography were used to measure the peripapil-lary RNFL,macular GC-IPL,and macular vessel density(VD)of all subjects.Comparison among groups and correlation analysis were conducted on the above retinal nerve injury indicators.Results Compared with the control group and NDR group,the average,upper and lower peripapillary RNFL in the mild NPDR group and moderate NPDR group were signifi-cantly thinner,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).The differences in macular GC-IPL thickness at the average,upper,upper temporal,lower temporal,lower,lower nasal,and upper nasal regions in all groups were sta-tistically significant(all P＜0.05);pairwise comparisons showed that compared with the control group,the GC-IPL thick-ness in each quadrant of the macular area of patients in the NDR group,mild NPDR group and moderate NPDR group de-creased significantly(all P＜0.05),with the upper GC-IPL thinning being the most significant;compared with the NDR group,the GC-IPL thickness in the upper,average,and upper temporal macular area of patients with mild NPDR decreased significantly(all P＜0.05);compared with the mild NPDR group,the GC-IPL thickness in the upper macular area was thin-ner in the moderate NPDR group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).There were statistically signifi-cant differences in the average and inner ring VDs in the macular area among the groups(both P＜0.05).The correlation analysis results showed that there was a significantly positive correlation between the peripapillary RNFL thickness and the average VD in the macular area(r=0.517,P＜0.01),while the average GC-IPL thickness in the macular area was weakly positively correlated with the average VD in the macular area(r=0.279,P＜0.01).Conclusion The peripapillary RNFL thickness objectively reflects the degree of retinal neuron injury,and is a key index to evaluate the degree of retinal nerve injury in diabetes patients.

Regulation of SIGIRR expression mechanism in human renal tubular epithelial cells by nuclear transcription factor NF - κB / 安徽医科大学学报

Objective @#To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the feedback regulation of single immunoglobin interleukin-1 related receptor ( SIGIRR) expression by the nuclear factor kappa-κB ( NF-κB) in human renal tubular epithelial cells ( HKC) ．@*Methods @#The pLNCX2-G418-SIGIRR overexpression vector was constructed by molecular cloning，and the SIGIRR overexpression cells and control cells were constructed by infecting HKC cells after packaging with PT67 cells．Using IL-1 β induction，Western blot verified that overexpression of SIGIRR inhibited NF-κB activation．After using NF-κB blocker and interfering with NF-κB activity ，immunofluorescence assay verified that activated NF-κB regulated SIGIRR expression． Online tools predicted the presence of NF-κB binding sites in the SIGIRR promoter region．The SIGIRR promoter sequence containing the binding site was obtained from within human genomic DNA by molecular cloning，ligated to the luciferase vector pGL3-Luc，constructed pGL3-Luc-SIGIRR , and mutated the binding site．The luciferase reporter gene assay and chromatin immunopre- cipitation technique ( ChIP) were used to jointly verify that activated NF-κB could bind to the SIGIRR promoter region to regulate SIGIRR gene expression. @*Results @#The results showed that the constructed pLNCX2-G418-SIGIRR retroviral vector was verified by enzymatic digestion and sequencing to be identical to the coding sequence of the SIGIRR gene for comparison，the recombinant and control vectors were transferred into HKC cells after viral packaging，and the HKC / SIGIRR experimental and HKC / Co control cell lines were successfully constructed at the mRNA and protein levels of SIGIRR expression differences were statistically significant (P＜0．05，P＜0. 001) ．Overexpression of SIGIRR cell groups reduced IL-1 β-induced NF-κB activation compared to control cells (P＜0. 001) . SIGIRR expression was downregulated after inhibition of NF-κB activation and interference with NF-κB expression. After extracting human genomic DNA ，the SIGIRR target promoter sequence was obtained by molecular cloning method and linked to the vector，and the pGL3-Luc-SIGIRR luciferase vector was successfully constructed and targeted to mutate the vector，which was verified to be identical to the target sequence by digestion and sequencing. The luciferase reporter gene assay and CHIP assay confirmed that NF-κB could bind to SIGIRR promoter region and regulate SIGIRR expression．@*Conclusion@#It has been verified that SIGIRR can influence the activation of NF-κB in HKC cells，and activated NF-κB can bind to the promoter region of SIGIRR and regulate the gene expression changes of SIGIRR , forming a feedback system to control the over-activation of NF-κB.