Therapeutic effect of pachymic acid on Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis in rats by regulating the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway / 基础医学与临床

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of pachymic acid(PA)on Helicobacter py-lori(Hp)-associated gastritis in rats.Methods A rat model of Hp-associated gastritis was established;all rats were separated into control group(CT group),model group(group M),PA low-dose group(PA L group),PA high-dose group(PA H group),and PA H+phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)activator(740 Y-P)group;the gastric mucosal injury index(UI)of rats in each group was evaluated,transmission electron microscopy was applied to observe the morphology of gastric mucosal cells.HE staining was applied to evaluate the pathological characteristics of gastric mucosa.ELISA was applied to detect the levels of interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),IL-10,induc-ible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS),and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in gastric tissue.Western blot method was applied to detect the expression of PI3K,phosphorylated PI3K(p-PI3K),protein kinase B(AKT),p-AKT,nuclear factor(NF)-κB p65,and p-NF-κB p65 proteins.Results Compared with the CT group,the gastric mucosa erosion,epithelial ede-ma,congestion,and severe ulcers were observed in the group M,with epithelial cell pyknosis and inflammatory cell in-filtration,the UI,IL-6,TNF-α,iNOS,and the expression levels of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-AKT/AKT,p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 proteins increased,the levels of IL-10 and SOD decreased(P<0.05);compared with group M,the gastric mucosal damage and inflammatory cell infiltration in the PA L and PA H groups were improved,the UI,IL-6,TNF-α,iNOS by the host animal and the expression of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-AKT/AKT,p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 proteins all decreased,the level of IL-10 and SOD was increased(P<0.05);compared with the PA H group,the pathological damage of the gastric mucosa in the PA H+740 Y-P group was aggravated,with epithelial cell pyknosis.The UI,IL-6,TNF-α,iNOS,and the expression of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-AKT/AKT,p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 proteins increased,the levels of IL-10 and SOD decreased(P<0.05).Conclusions PA might facilitate the treatment of Hp-associated gastritis in rats by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Observation on the detection of cytokines and virus in aqueous humor of pa-tients with Fuchs syndrome complicated with cataract / 眼科新进展

Objective To detect the expression levels of cytokines[Interleukin-6(IL-6),Interleukin-8(IL-8),In-terleukin-10(IL-10),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),cell adhesion molecule(CAM)and basic fibroblast growth factor(BFGF)],cytomegalovirus(CMV)nucleic acid,rubella virus(RV)nucleic acid and antibodies in patients with Fuchs syndrome and cataract,evaluating the inflammation and viral expression in aqueous humor of patients.Meth-ods A retrospective study was conducted.A total of 18 patients(18 eyes)clinically diagnosed with Fuchs syndrome com-plicated with cataract from October 2020 to July 2022 in the Ophthalmology Department of the Zhengzhou Second Hospital were included and their preoperative data were recorded.These patients underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation,with 0.1 mL aqueous humor extracted during the operation.The expression levels of cytokines(IL-6,IL-8,IL-10,VEGF,CAM and BFGF),CMV nucleic acid,RV nucleic acid and viral antibodies were quantitatively analyzed.Results In these 18 patients,the IL-6 level was normal in 13 patients and mildly elevated in 5 patients.The levels of IL-8,IL-10,VEGF,CAM and BFGF were detected in 8 patients,IL-10 was normal in all these patients,IL-8 was elevated in 2 patients,VEGF was mildly elevated in 1 patient,and CAM and BFGF levels were increased in 7 patients.The CMV and RV nucleic acids were tested in 12 patients,with all negative results.In the 18 patients involved,the RV-IgG increased in 12 patients and was normal in other 6 patients with certain titer values.In 16 patients tested for CMV-IgG and herpes simplex virus-IgG,only one patient was slightly elevated in CMV-IgG,and the rest were normal.Varicella-zoster virus-IgG was test-ed in 8 patients,and all of them were negative.Conclusion The eye inflammation of patients with Fuchs syndrome and cataract is not obvious,thus clinical RV nucleic acid is not easily detected,and the RV-IgG has a reference value in clinical diagnosis of Fuchs syndrome.

Prevalence rate and influencing factors of restless leg syndrome in maintenance hemodialysis patients in Anhui province / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective:To explore the prevalence rate of restless leg syndrome (RLS) and its related influencing factors in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) in Anhui province.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study, including regular MHD patients in blood purification centers of 27 hospitals in southern, central and northern Anhui province from January to March 2020. The investigation included general demographic characteristics, primary diseases, complications, dialysis-related conditions and drug use. According to the presence or absence of RLS, the patients were divided into RLS group and non-RLS group, and the differences of clinical data between the two groups were compared. Logistic regression analysis method was used to analyze the influencing factors of RLS.Results:The study included 3 025 MHD patients, aged (54.8±12.8) years old, with 1 819 males (60.1%) and 1 206 females (39.9%). The dialysis age was (5.5±3.8) years. The prevalence rates of RLS in MHD patients were 8.8% (265/3 025), of which 13.7% (77/561), 7.7% (88/1 145) and 7.6% (100/1 319) in southern, central and northern Anhui province, respectively. The prevalence rates of RLS in MHD patients in secondary and tertiary hospitals were 9.5% (55/577) and 8.6% (210/2 448), respectively. Proportion of hypertension, dialysis age, intact parathyroid hormone, alkaline phosphatase, 25(OH)D3, and proportions of secondary hyperparathyroidism, erythropoietin use, iron supplements, active vitamin D use, calcimimetic use, dialysis blood flow <250 ml/min and low-flux dialyzers in RLS group were higher than those in non-RLS group, while hemoglobin level and proportions of non-calcium-phosphorus binders and high-flux dialyzers were lower than those in non-RLS group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that long dialysis age ( OR=1.188, 95% CI 1.031-1.369, P=0.017) and high alkaline phosphatase ( OR=1.007, 95% CI 1.001-1.013, P=0.047) were correlated with a higher risk of RLS in MHD patients. Conclusions:The prevalence rate of RLS in MHD patients in Anhui province is 8.8%. The prevalence rates of RLS in MHD patients in southern, central and northern Anhui province are 13.7%, 7.7% and 7.6%, respectively. The prevalence rate of RLS in secondary and tertiary hospitals are 9.5% and 8.6%, respectively. Long dialysis age and high alkaline phosphatase are associated with a high risk of RLS in MHD patients.

A case report on irritable bowel syndrome treated with low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols diet / 中华临床营养杂志

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by abdominal pain associated with changes in defecation frequency and blood folate level. FODMAP stands for fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols. High-FODMAP diet could elicit or exacerbate IBS-associated bowel symptoms, which is inadequately recognized among gastroenterologists in China. Here we report an IBS case, focusing on the association between high-FODMAP diet and bowel symptoms and the intervention of low-FODMAP diet.

Effects of andrographolide on angiogenesis in diabetic foot rats and its mechanism / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of andrographolide （Andro） on angiogenesis in rats with diabetic foot and to explore its mechanism of action based on the Hippo-Yes-associated protein （YAP） signaling pathway. METHODS The rat model of type 2 diabetes was established by using low-dose streptozotocin combined with high-fat and high-glucose diet. On the basis of successful modeling， the rat model of diabetes foot was established by scalding. Model rats were randomly divided into 5 groups with 12 rats in each group： model group， Andro low-dose， medium-dose， and high-dose groups （1， 10， and 20 mg/kg）， as well as inhibitor group （20 mg/kg Andro+100 mg/kg of verteporfin， an specific inhibitor of Hippo-YAP signaling pathway）； other 12 healthy rats were included in the Control group. Rats in each group were intragastrically and intraperitoneally injected with solvents or corresponding drugs， once a day， for 2 consecutive weeks. The wound healing， fasting blood glucose （FBG） and fasting insulin （FINS） were detected in rats after medication. HE staining was performed to observe the tissue damage and capillary number of rat trauma； the number of endothelial progenitor cells （EPCs） in peripheral blood of rats was counted by using flow cytometry； the contents of serum total cholesterol （TC）， triglyceride （TG）， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） in rats were determined by fully automatic biochemical analyzer； the expressions of hypoxia- inducible factor 1α （HIF-1α）， vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） and Hippo-YAP signaling pathway-related proteins in the traumatic tissues of rats in each group were detected by Western blot. RESULTS Compared with Control group， the wound healing rate， capillary number， the proportion of EPCs， HDL-C content， as well as the protein expression levels of HIF-1α and VEGF and the phosphorylation levels of mammalian Ste20-like kinase 1， large tumor suppressor gene 1 and YAP proteins were significantly reduced in the model group， while the FBG， FINS levels and TC， TG and LDL-C contents were significantly increased （P＜0.05）. Compared with model group， the above indexes were significantly reversed in Andro low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose group， in a dose-dependent manner （P＜ 0.05）； verteporfin attenuated the above reversal effect of Andro （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Andro has the effects of lowering blood glucose and blood lipids， promoting blood vessel formation and wound healing in rats with diabetic foot， and its mechanism of action may be related to the activation of Hippo-YAP signaling pathway.

Clinical features and genetic analysis of a child with late-onset immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-Linked syndrome / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To report on the clinical features and result of genetic testing for a child featuring immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked (IPEX) syndrome.@*METHODS@#Clinical records, genetic testing, laboratory investigation and treatment of the child were summarized in addition with a comprehensive review of the literature.@*RESULTS@#The 3-year-old boy was administered due to intractable diarrhea, recurrent infections, liver dysfunction and failure to thrive, though no diabetes or skin disorder was observed. Laboratory testing showed elevated liver enzymes and total IgE, decreased albumin and electrolyte imbalance. Gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed erosion and granules in the duodenum, and edema in the terminal ileum and colon. Biopsies showed villous atrophy in the duodenum and terminal ileum. Genetic testing revealed that the patient has carried a missense c.1087A>G (p.I363V) variant in the exon 10 of the FOXP3 gene. He was treated with enteral and parenteral nutrition, anti infection and Sirolimus, and was waiting for hemopoietic stem cell transplantation.@*CONCLUSION@#Although IPEX syndrome usually occur during infancy, it should not be ruled out solely based on the age, and its presentation can be variable. For male children with refractory diarrhea, autoimmune disorder and growth retardation, the diagnosis should be suspected and confirmed by genetic testing.

Influence of the intake of different oils on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease / 临床肝胆病杂志

At present, there are no universally accepted hepatoprotective drugs that are recommended for the conventional treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and the main prevention and treatment methods for NAFLD include diet control, exercise, and weight-loss surgery. Diet control is the most basic intervention method, and scientific and reasonable dietary guidance is of particular importance. This article briefly summarizes the influence of several kinds of oils commonly contained in diet on hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress of NAFLD, and it is pointed out that fish oil, olive oil, virgin coconut oil, and pine nut oil are beneficial to NAFLD, while excessive intake of lard and palm oil will aggravate NAFLD.

Influence of the intake of different oils on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease / 临床肝胆病杂志

At present, there are no universally accepted hepatoprotective drugs that are recommended for the conventional treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and the main prevention and treatment methods for NAFLD include diet control, exercise, and weight-loss surgery. Diet control is the most basic intervention method, and scientific and reasonable dietary guidance is of particular importance. This article briefly summarizes the influence of several kinds of oils commonly contained in diet on hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress of NAFLD, and it is pointed out that fish oil, olive oil, virgin coconut oil, and pine nut oil are beneficial to NAFLD, while excessive intake of lard and palm oil will aggravate NAFLD.

Clinical analysis of 32 children with perforation caused by foreign body in upper gastrointestinal tract / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics and treatment strategies of upper gastrointestinal perforation caused by ingested foreign bodies in children.Methods:A retrospective analysis of 32 patients with upper gastrointestinal perforation secondary to foreign bodies in Henan Children′s Hospital from January 2011 to February 2019 was performed.Some basic information was collected, including age, gender, type of foreign bodies, location of perforation, time of swallowing, clinical symptoms, treatment methods and outcomes.Results:Among the 32 children, there were 20 cases (62.5%) were male and 12 cases (37.5%) were female.The predilection age was 0 to <3 years old [21 cases (65.6%)]. The most common type of upper gastrointestinal foreign bodies was jujube pits [13 cases (40.6%)], followed by button batteries [10 cases (31.2%)], magnets [3 cases (9.4%)], fish bones [2 cases (6.3%)], lollipop stick [2 cases (6.3%)], button battery combined with magnet [1 case (3.1%)] and metal pin [1 case (3.1%)]. Majority of perforation was located in the esophagus [25 cases (78.2%)], especially in the upper esophagus [15/25 cases, (60.0%)]. The common symptoms of upper gastrointestinal perforation include fever [22 cases (68.8%)], dysphagia and/or salivation [21 cases (65.6%)], vomiting [24 cases (75%)], abdominal pain [5 cases (15.6%)] and expiratory dyspnea [1 case (3.1%)]. All the foreign bodies were successfully extracted by endoscopy [28 cases (87.5%)] and surgery [4 cases (12.5%)]. Moreover, all the patients recovered with both treatments of indwelling gastrointestinal decompression tube and enteral nutrition, including nasojejunal tube [24 cases (75.0%)], endoscopic hemoclip and nasojejunal nutrition [2 cases (6.3%)], and surgical operation [6 cases (18.7%)].Conclusions:The upper gastrointestinal foreign body is a common emergency in children, and might cause perforation, especially jujube pits, button batteries and magnets.The endoscopic procedure is safe and effective for the removal of foreign bodies.However, the surgical intervention is required as soon as possible due to the failure of endoscopic treatment.

Prevalence rate and influencing factors of uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients in Anhui province / 安徽医科大学学报

Objective @#To explore the prevalence of uremic pruritus (UP) in patients with maintenance hemodialy sis (MHD) in Anhui Province and its influential factors .@*Methods @#Patients with MHD were enrolled in 27 hemo dialysis centers in Anhui Province . Clinical data were compared .@*Results @#A total of 3 025 patients with MHD were included . The prevalence of UP was 63.3% , among them , mild UP 55.9% and moderate to severe UP 7.4% . The prevalence rates of UP in southern Anhui , central Anhui and northern Anhui were 75.4% , 63.6% and 57.9% . The prevalence of total UP in ≤30 years , 31 - 50 years , 51 - 70 years and ≥71 years was 53.5% ,59.8% , 65.4% and 65.9% . The prevalence of total UP and moderate to severe UP increased with age ( P < 0.01) . Age , age of dialysis , proportion of hypertension , 25(hydroxy) vitamin D3 [25(OH)D3 ] , proportion of low flux dialyzer usage and proportion of calcium phosphorus binder usage in UP group were higher than those in the group without UP. However , the levels of diastolic blood pressure , hemoglobin ( Hb) and hemodialysis filtration ratio in the UP group were lower than those in the non UP group (P < 0.05) . By comparison , the age , hyperten sion and diabetes of patients in moderate and severe UP group were higher than those in mild UP group , while the proportion of non calcium phosphorus binding was lower than that in mild UP group ( P < 0.05) . Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that high 25(OH)D3 was associated with a higher risk of UP in MHD patients , and high throughput dialyzer use was associated with a lower risk of UP in MHD patients ( P < 0.05) .@*Conclusion @#The prevalence rate of UP in maintenance hemodialysis patients in Anhui province is 63.3% . The prevalence of UP is the highest in southern Anhui , and the prevalence of total UP and moderate to severe UP increases with age . High 25(OH)D3 levels are a risk factor for UP in MHD patients , and the use of high throughput dialyzers can reduce the risk of UP in MHD patients .

Discovery of a series of dimethoxybenzene FGFR inhibitors with 5pyrrolo2,3-pyrazine scaffold: structure-activity relationship, crystal structural characterization and study

Genomic alterations are commonly found in the signaling pathways of fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs). Although there is no selective FGFR inhibitors in market, several promising inhibitors have been investigated in clinical trials, and showed encouraging efficacies in patients. By designing a hybrid between the FGFR-selectivity-enhancing motif dimethoxybenzene group and our previously identified novel scaffold, we discovered a new series of potent FGFR inhibitors, with the best one showing sub-nanomolar enzymatic activity. After several round of optimization and with the solved crystal structure, detailed structure-activity relationship was elaborated. Together with metabolic stability tests and pharmacokinetic profiling, a representative compound () was selected and tested in xenograft mouse model, and the result demonstrated that inhibitor was effective against tumors with FGFR genetic alterations, exhibiting potential for further development.

The effect of R-spondin3 on proliferation of neural stem cells and Wnt/β-catenin signals in mice / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective To explore the effect of R-spondin3 on the proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs) and its mechanism in mice.Methods The mouse NSCs derived from the subventricular zone of E 14-15d CD 1 mice were confirmed by immunofluorescence assay.The NSCs after 3 passages of culture were chosen and randomly divided into 2 groups (V=1 mL).In the experimental group,0.8 μL of R-spondin3 with an initial concentration of 50 μg/mL was added (final concentration:40 ng/mL) while in the control group an equal amount of culture fluid was added.The proliferation of the cells in the 2 groups was detected by 5-Bromo-2-deoxy Uridine (BrdU) kits after the cells were treated by R-spondin3 for 6 hours.The protein expression of [β-catenin was measured by western blotting after the cells were treated by R-spondin3 for 4 and 8 hours.Results Under optical microscopy,the round and bright cells grew in culture medium and easily accumulated to become neurospheres.Immunofluorescence assay showed that over 90％ of the cells expressed Nestin and SOX2 and that some of them expressed NeuN or GFAP after induced differentiation.Brdu proliferation test showed that the proliferation rate of Brdu+/DAPI+ for the experimental group (1.56±0.03) was significantly higher than that for the control group (1.04±0.04) (P＜0.05).Western blotting showed that the expression levels of [β-catenin were increased at both 4h and 8h after treatment for the experimental group (1.09±0.10 and 1.20±0.13),significantly higher than those for the control group (0.56±0.05 and 0.83±0.04) (P＜0.05).Conclusions R-spondin3 can promote in vitro proliferation of NSCs in mice,which may be associated with activated Wnt/β-catenin signal pathways.

Analysis of risk factors for acute kidney injury following hepatic arterial chemoembolization inpatientswithhepatocellularcarcinomaofChildclassA / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To explore the incidence and risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) following hepatic arterial chemoembolization inpatients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),Child class A. Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on patients with HCC,Child Class A who were admitted from January 2008 to October 2016.The inclusion criteria:(1) patients were diagnosed with pathologically confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma based on the standards of primary liver cancer diagnosis and treatment (2011 edition);(2) patients have complete laboratory parameters and imaging data within the 7 days before the TACE treatment;(3) the Child-pugh score was 5 to 6;(4) patients have no acute or chronic renalfailure before the treatment of TACE.The morbidity of AKI after TACE was investigated.Twenty-six factors such as age,sexy,contrast dose,hemoglobin were included as independent variable, so as to investigate the risk factors for postoperative AKI. Results A total of 818 patients were included in the study, including 38 experiencing postoperative AKI(4.64%).Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified elevated preoperative uric acid as the independent risk factor for postoperative AKI(OR=1.005,95% CI 1.000 to 1.009,P=0.037), and elevated preoperative hemoglobin as the protective factor for postoperative AKI(OR=0.974,95% CI 0.952 to 0.997,P=0.028).Conclusions AKI is not uncommon following hepatic arterial chemoembolization inpatients with HCC,Child Class A,and is correlated with elevated uric acid and anemia.Preoperative risk assessment and anemia correction might be effective for reducing the incidence of AKI following hepatic arterial chemoembolization.

Efficacy of inverso isomer of CendR peptide on tumor tissue penetration

The dense extracellular matrix and high interstitial fluid pressure of tumor tissues prevent the ability of anti-tumor agents to penetrate deep into the tumor parenchyma for treatment effects. C-end rule (CendR) peptides can enhance the permeability of tumor blood vessels and tumor tissues binding to neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), thus aiding in drug delivery. In this study, we selected one of the CendR peptides (sequence RGERPPR) as the parent l-peptide and substituted d-amino acids for the l-amino acids to synthesize its inverso peptide (RGERPPR). We investigated the NRP-1 binding activity and tumor-penetrating ability of (RGERPPR). We found that the binding affinity of (RGERPPR) with NRP-1 and the cellular uptake was significantly higher than that of RGERPPR. Evans Blue tests revealed that (RGERPPR) exhibited improved tumor-penetrating ability in C6, U87 and A549 tumor-bearing nude mice. Using nude mice bearing A549 xenograft tumors as a model, we found that the rate of tumor growth in the group co-administered with (RGERPPR) and gemcitabine (Gem) was significantly lower than the gemcitabine-treated group with a tumor suppression rate (TSR%) of 55.4%. Together, our results demonstrate that (RGERPPR) is a potential tumor-penetrating peptide.

Regional Brain Activity During Rest and Gastric Water Load in Subtypes of Functional Dyspepsia: A Preliminary Brain Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Functional dyspepsia (FD) remains a great clinical challenge since the FD subtypes, defined by Rome III classification, still have heterogeneous pathogenesis. Previous studies have shown notable differences in visceral sensation processing in the CNS in FD compared to healthy subjects (HS). However, the role of CNS in the pathogenesis of each FD subtype has not been recognized. METHODS: Twenty-eight FD patients, including 10 epigastric pain syndrome (EPS), 9 postprandial distress syndrome (PDS), and 9 mixed-type, and 10 HS, were enrolled. All subjects underwent a proximal gastric perfusion water load test and the regional brain activities during resting state and water load test were investigated by functional magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS: For regional brain activities during the resting state and water load test, each FD subtype was significantly different from HS (P < 0.05). Focusing on EPS and PDS, the regional brain activities of EPS were stronger than PDS in the left paracentral lobule, right inferior frontal gyrus pars opercularis, postcentral gyrus, precuneus, insula, parahippocampal gyrus, caudate nucleus, and bilateral cingulate cortices at the resting state (P < 0.05), and stronger than PDS in the left inferior temporal and fusiform gyri during the water load test (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Compared to HS, FD subtypes had different regional brain activities at rest and during water load test, whereby the differences displayed distinct manifestations for each subtype. Compared to PDS, EPS presented more significant differences from HS at rest, suggesting that the abnormality of central visceral pain processing could be one of the main pathogenesis mechanisms for EPS.

Evaluation of hypoxic pulmonary vascular remodeling based on fractal theory / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the relationship between the spatial structure of pulmonary vascular tree and oxygen partial pressure in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) by the fractal dimension method.Methods 106 patients with COPD and 100 healthy people without COPD as controls were included in this study.All of the patients underwent multidetector CT scan and blood gas analysis.The pulmonary vascular trees were generated using post-processing software,and the FD of the pulmonary vascular trees were determined with ImageJ software in a personal computer.The fractal dimension were evaluated in the two groups.The relationship between FD and oxygen partial pressure in patients with COPD was analyzed.Results The FD value of the patients with COPD was lower than that of the patients without COPD (t =5.21,P＜ 0.01).There was a significant correlation between FD and the PaO2 in patients with COPD (r=0.692,P＜ 0.01).Conclusion FD analysis can effectively evaluate the process of pulmonary vascular remodeling induced by hypoxia in patients with COPD,which may be used as an important index for quantitative evaluation of pulmonary vascular remodeling in the course of COPD.

The application and research diversified teaching methods in the teaching of diagnostics and clinical probation / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To probe into the effect of diversified teaching methods in the teaching of di-agnostics and clinical probation.Methods One hundred clinical undergraduates were randomly divided in-to experimental class (fifty students) and traditional class (fifty students). The experimental class was based on the textbook of diagnostics.It used PBL to share teaching resources with teachers and students,and used electronic simulation and standardized patients to carry out clinical probation in combination with clinical practice. Through the objective structured clinical examination and questionnaire survey, students' learning situation of two classes was analyzed. R 3.3.3 was used to perform t test or χ2test for the data of two classes. Result The evaluation results show that the average scores of the students in the experimental class OSCE are excellent, and the average scores of the tests are higher than those of the traditional class, and the difference is statistically significant (P<0.05). The result of questionnaire showed that the students of experimental class were more satisfied than the traditional class students (P<0.05) in all aspects. Conclusions Diversified teaching methods are beneficial to cultivating students' theoretical practice trans-formation ability,clinical thinking ability and independent problem solving ability.

Galangin induces apoptosis of glioma cells through Wnt/β-Catenin signal pathway / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of galangin on proliferation and apoptosis of glioma cells in vitro.Methods (1) The glioma cells U87 and U25 1were divided into blank control group,DMSO group,100,200,300 and 400 μmol/L galangin treatment groups.MTT was used to study the effects of drugs on the proliferation of U251 and U87 cells.(2) Hoechest staining was used to observe cell apoptosis in the presence of different concentrations of galangin (0,100 and 200 μmol/L).(3) Flow cytometry was employed to detect the apoptosis of U251 and U87 cells in the presence of different concentrations of galangin (1 00 and 200 μmol/L).(4) Western blotting was employed to detect the expressions of apoptosis-related protein 3-Catenin,B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2),Bcl-2 related protein gene (Bax),cleaved-caspase-3,cleaved-caspase-9 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in the presence of different concentrations of galangin.Results (1) The proliferation of U251 and U87 cells was obviously inhibited atter 100,200,300 and 400 μmol/L galangin treatments,and dose-effect relation was noted.The concentrations of galangin at half rate of inhibition (IC50) were 281,321,276 and 229 μmol/L in U251 cells,and 289.4,261.1,247.4 and 225.3 μ mol/L in the U87 cells after 100,200,300 and 400μmol/L galangin treatments for 24 h.(2) Under the action of galangin,corresponding increase in apoptosis rates of U251 and U87 cells was noted following the increase of galangin concentrations (0,100 and 200 μmol/L),with significant differences (P＜0.05).(3) The detection of cell apoptosis by flow cytometry found similar changes.(4) Western blotting results indicated that galangin at the concentration of 0,100 and 200 μmol/L could significantly decrease the expressions of apoptosis-related protein 3-Catenin and Bcl-2,and increase the Bax,cleaved-caspase-3 and cleaved-caspase-9,and cleaved-PARP expressions;significant differences were noted between each two concentrations (P＜0.05).Conclusion Galangin can inhibit proliferation of glioma cells U251 and U87,and induce mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis via Wnt/β-Catenin signaling.

Correlations of serum lipoprotein (a) with ischemic stroke and its etiological subtypes / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective To investigate the correlation between serum lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) level andischemic stroke and its etiological subtypes. Methods The consecutive inpatients with acute ischemic stroke (case group) and age-and sex-matched healthy subjects (control group) over the same period were enrolled retrospectively. The demographic and baseline clinical data, as well as fasting blood glucose, fibrinogen,homocysteine, total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, high-densitylipoprotein cholesterol, low -density lipoprotein cholesterol, and Lp(a) concentration of the case group and the control group were collected. According to TOAST classification criteria, the patients in the case group were divided into large artery atherosclerosis (LAA), small artery occlusion (SAO) and cardioembolism (CE), and the patients with other determined etiology and undetermined etiology were excluded. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to make clear the correlation between serum Lp(a) and acute ischemic stroke and its etiological subtypes. Results A total of 214 patients with ischemic stroke were enrolled. Ninety-seven had LAA (45.33%), 64 (29.91%) had SAO, and 53 (24.77%) had CE. There were 118 subjects in the control group. There were significant differences in the proportions of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, atrial fibrillation and alcohol consumption, as well as systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, low -density lipoprotein cholesterol, Lp(a), fibrinogen, and homocysteine between the case group and the control group (all P <0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjustment for age and sex, Lp(a) is an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke (odds ratio [OR] 2.014, 95% confidence interval [CI ] 1.273-3.092, P = 0.036). The independent risk factors for LAA included hypertension (OR 3.353, 95% CI 1.714-6.558, P = 0.001), systolic blood pressure ( OR 2.786, 95% CI 1.136-5.538, P =0.016), homocysteine ( OR 1.108, 95% CI 1.031-2.191, P = 0.005), total cholesterol (OR 2.169, 95% CI 1.599-4.943, P = 0.001), low -density lipoprotein cholesterol ( OR2.782, 95% CI 1.093-5.238, P =0.024), and Lp(a) (OR 3.072, 95% CI 1.907-8.064, P =0.001). Theindependent risk factors for SAO included hypertension ( OR 7.042, 95% CI 3.189-25.55, P =0.001), diabetes mellitus (OR 5.162, 95% CI 2.372-11.23, P =0.001), fibrinogen (OR 1.667, 95% CI 1.434-2.025, P = 0.045), and homocysteine (OR 1.967, 95% CI 1.859-1.995, P =0.036). The independent risk factors for CE included atrial fibrillation (OR 13.340, 95% CI 4.637-39.20, P = 0.001), fibrinogen (OR 2.365, 95% CI 1.147- 4.904, P =0.029), and Lp(a) (OR 1.656, 95% CI 1.996-3.001, P = 0.035). Conclusions Lp(a) is an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke, and can be used as a serum biomarker for predicting the risk of the onset of ischemic stroke. There are differences in independent risk factors between the different stroke etiological subtypes. Lp(a) is independently associated with LAA and CE; however, it has no independent correlation with SAO.

A case of fasciolasis hepatic in Zunyi City,Guizhou Province / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Four adults of Fasciola hepatica were found from the bile ducts of a patient diagnosed as biliary calculi during a surgi-cal operation. We investigated retrospectively the infection source and concluded that the patient may be infected by eating raw or half-cooked Zizania latifolia,an aquatic plant,which was contaminated with metacercariae of F. hepatica.