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1.
Rev Med Chil ; 148(1): 118-122, 2020 Jan.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32730444

ABSTRACT

Renal papillary necrosis is an infrequent cause of hematuria characterized by ischemic necrosis of the renal medulla, especially the papilla. Its most common cause is analgesic abuse. Despite being oligo-symptomatic, in many cases its presence is associated with serious functional sequelae. Imaging, especially computed tomography, is essential to make the diagnosis. We report a 63-year-old female studied for an asymptomatic microscopic hematuria whose tomographic study showed a bilateral renal papillary necrosis. No etiology was found, and she evolved with a spontaneous complete remission.


Subject(s)
Hematuria , Kidney Papillary Necrosis , Female , Humans , Kidney Medulla , Middle Aged , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
2.
Rev Med Chil ; 147(11): 1443-1448, 2019 Nov.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32186605

ABSTRACT

Chronic kidney disease is associated with an increase in cardiovascular risk and mortality, and a decrease in the health-related quality of life. It is known that the physical capacity of patients with chronic kidney disease is lower than their healthy counterparts. It also decreases progressively after the start of hemodialysis, even leading to the loss of functional independence. There is a positive association between exercise and improvement of many targets in chronic kidney disease, especially in dialysis patients, such as cellular apoptosis, immune improvement and inflammation. In addition, several clinical studies and systematic reviews show an improvement in different clinical and laboratory variables and suggest a lower mortality, proving a reduction of health care economic costs. Exercise intervention in dialysis is safe. Although different guidelines promote exercise, it is necessary to work on its implementation on a large scale.


Subject(s)
Exercise Therapy , Exercise/physiology , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy , Evidence-Based Medicine , Humans , Quality of Life , Renal Dialysis , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/physiopathology
3.
Rev. colomb. nefrol. (En línea) ; 8(2): e702, jul.-dic. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1423859

ABSTRACT

Resumen La infección por el síndrome respiratorio agudo severo por coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causante de la enfermedad COVID-19, representa una de las emergencias sanitarias más deletéreas de las últimas dos décadas; de la que aún existen innumerables incógnitas acerca del curso y manejo de presentaciones atípicas. Por lo anterior, resulta importante publicar casos clínicos de interés en población especial como lo son los pacientes receptores de trasplante renal, quienes pueden tener un mayor riesgo de contraer la enfermedad dado su estado de inmunosupresión, así como por el contacto frecuente con el sistema de atención médica. La coinfección con otros virus respiratorios no es infrecuente en población trasplantada con COVID-19, y la asociación con gérmenes oportunistas como Micobacterias, Citomegalovirus, Pneumocystis jirovecii y hongos, tal como el Cryptococcus neoformans es desconocida, pero es posible que dicha asociación pudiese empeorar la severidad del compromiso sistémico y pulmonar. Se presenta el caso de un hombre de 45 años, con antecedentes de trasplante renal de donante cadavérico, que ingresó al servicio de urgencias del Hospital de San José; el presentó síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda (SDRA) y falla ventilatoria por infección por SARS-CoV-2. Además, se confirmó infección sistémica por Cryptococcus neoformans sin compromiso del sistema nervioso central. Se inició manejo con ventilación mecánica invasiva, glucocorticoide, anfotericina B liposomal; fallece a los 12 días de su ingreso.


Abstract The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes the disease COVID-19, represents one of the most deleterious health emergencies of the last two decades; of which there are still innumerable unknowns about the course and handling of atypical presentations. Therefore, it is important to publish clinical cases of interest in a special population, such as kidney transplant recipients, who may have a greater risk of contracting the disease due to their immunosuppression and frequent contact with the medical care system. Co-infection with other respiratory viruses is not uncommon in the transplanted population with COVID-19, and the association with opportunistic germs such as Mycobacteria, Cytomegalovirus, Pneumocystis jirovecii and fungi, such as Cryptococcus neoformans, is unknown, yet it is possible that this association could worsen the severity of the systemic and pulmonary involvement. We present the case of a 45-year-old deceased-donor kidney transplant recipient man who was admitted to the emergency service; he presented acute respiratory difficulty syndrome (ARDS) and ventilatory failure due to infection by SARS-CoV-2. It was also confirmed that he had systemic infection by Cryptococcus neoformans without compromise of the central nervous system. It was necessary to use invasive mechanical ventilation, glucocorticoid, liposomal amphotericin B; he died 12 days after admission.

4.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 148(1): 118-122, Jan. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1094214

ABSTRACT

Renal papillary necrosis is an infrequent cause of hematuria characterized by ischemic necrosis of the renal medulla, especially the papilla. Its most common cause is analgesic abuse. Despite being oligo-symptomatic, in many cases its presence is associated with serious functional sequelae. Imaging, especially computed tomography, is essential to make the diagnosis. We report a 63-year-old female studied for an asymptomatic microscopic hematuria whose tomographic study showed a bilateral renal papillary necrosis. No etiology was found, and she evolved with a spontaneous complete remission.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Hematuria , Kidney Papillary Necrosis , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Kidney Medulla
5.
Repert. med. cir ; 28(3): 171-177, 2019. ilus., tab.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1095112

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la nefropatía inducida por medios de contraste (NIC) es la injuria secundaria a la exposición en procedimientos diagnósticos e intervencionistas. Representa la tercera causa de insuficiencia renal aguda hospitalaria. Esta investigación buscó establecer factores de riesgo para NIC en cateterismo cardiaco izquierdo (CCI) en pacientes hospitalizados en el Hospital de San José de Bogotá, durante tres años. Métodos: estudio de cohorte retrospectiva en pacientes con CCI y exposición a medios de contraste y estrategias de nefroprotección con líquidos, bicarbonato o N-acetilcisteína. Se incluyeron todos los atendidos entre 2014 y 2016. Se definió la NIC como el aumento de 0,5 mg/dL de creatinina en 72 horas o del 25% de la basal. De 495 pacientes, se excluyeron 15 con hemodiálisis previa. Se tomaron registros clínicos electrónicos realizando análisis estadístico multivariado. Se utilizó el paquete estadístico stata 13. Resultados: en 480 pacientes la incidencia de NIC fue 13,1%; tener una hemoglobina mayor 13 gr/dL en hombres, fue un factor protector para NIC OR: 0,29 (p=0.004). La creatinina basal mayor de 1,5 mg/dL aumentó el riesgo de NIC OR: 2,56 (IC 95: 1,35-4,85; p=0.004), así como la coexistencia de diabetes y enfermedad renal crónica OR: 2,73 (IC 95: 1,25 ­ 5.95; p=0,005). Otros factores como edad, falla cardiaca, volumen de contraste, IAM anterior y estrategias de nefroprotección, no mostraron asociación significativa. En relación con NIC la incidencia de muerte fue 9,5% y hemodiálisis 2,5%. Conclusiones: la incidencia de NIC se asocia con aumento de la mortalidad; los factores de riesgo asociados fueron creatinina >1.5 mg/dL y diabetes más enfermedad renal crónica. La hemoglobina normal en hombres se asoció con efecto protector.


Introduction: contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is the acute kidney injury following diagnostic or interventional procedures. It is the third cause of hospital-acquired acute renal insufficiency. This research intended to establish the risk factors for developing CIN in hospitalized patients undergoing coronary angiography at Hospital de San José of Bogotá, during a 3-year period. Methods: a retrospective study in a cohort of CIN patients following contrast exposure and prophylactic strategies as hydration, sodium bicarbonate or N-acetylcysteine. Patients seen between 2014 and 2016 were included. CIN is defined as an elevation of serum creatinine of 0.5 mg/dL or by 25% from baseline within the first 72 hours after contrast administration. Of 495 patients, 15 were excluded for prior hemodialysis. Stata 13 was used for clinical data recording and multivariate statistical analysis. Results: in 480 patients CIN incidence was 13.1%; a hemoglobin value greater than 13 gr/dL showed to be a protective factor for CIN in men: 0.29 (p=0.004). The presence of risk factors as baseline creatinine greater than 1.5 mg/dL OR: 2.56 (IC 95: 1.35-4.85; p=0.004), and chronic renal insufficiency and diabetes mellitus OR: 2.73 (IC 95: 1.25 ­ 5.95; p=0,005) increased CIN prevalence. Other factors such as age, cardiac dysfunction, volume of contrast agent used, prior acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and the use of nephronprotective strategies showed no significant association. CIN-related mortality was 9.5% and hemodialysis-related mortality was 2.5%. Conclusions: the incidence of CIN was associated with an increase in mortality; contributing risk factors were baseline creatinine greater than 1.5 mg/dL, pre-existent chronic renal insufficiency and diabetes mellitus. A normal hemoglobin value showed to be a protective factor in men.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Renal Insufficiency , Coronary Angiography , Contrast Media
6.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 147(11): 1443-1448, nov. 2019.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1094174

ABSTRACT

Chronic kidney disease is associated with an increase in cardiovascular risk and mortality, and a decrease in the health-related quality of life. It is known that the physical capacity of patients with chronic kidney disease is lower than their healthy counterparts. It also decreases progressively after the start of hemodialysis, even leading to the loss of functional independence. There is a positive association between exercise and improvement of many targets in chronic kidney disease, especially in dialysis patients, such as cellular apoptosis, immune improvement and inflammation. In addition, several clinical studies and systematic reviews show an improvement in different clinical and laboratory variables and suggest a lower mortality, proving a reduction of health care economic costs. Exercise intervention in dialysis is safe. Although different guidelines promote exercise, it is necessary to work on its implementation on a large scale.


Subject(s)
Humans , Exercise/physiology , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy , Exercise Therapy , Quality of Life , Renal Dialysis , Evidence-Based Medicine , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/physiopathology
7.
Rev. Asoc. Argent. Ortop. Traumatol ; 83(2): 113-117, jun. 2018. []
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-956426

ABSTRACT

Las roturas del tendón de Aquiles han aumentado considerablemente en los últimos años. El tratamiento de estas lesiones puede ser conservador o quirúrgico. Pese a la vasta literatura, no existe un "patrón de referencia" para el tratamiento de estas lesiones. Las opciones quirúrgicas incluyen la cirugía abierta, mini-invasiva y técnica percutánea. El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar la presentación clínica y mostrar los resultados quirúrgicos y las complicaciones en pacientes con rotura del tendón de Aquiles tratados con técnica percutánea. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo. Se incluyeron pacientes adultos y se obtuvieron datos clínicos y epidemiológicos. Todos fueron operados con técnica percutánea con raquetas de Dresden. Resultados: Se incluyó a 60 pacientes. Todos tenían dolor y el 92% presentaba también signo de Thompson y brecha palpable. A 7 pacientes (12%) se les solicitaron imágenes complementarias. El tiempo promedio hasta la cirugía fue de 4.28 días. Siete pacientes sufrieron complicaciones posoperatorias menores. Conclusiones: Las roturas del tendón de Aquiles son una patología prevalente en la población activa de mayor edad y en deportistas de fin de semana. El diagnóstico es clínico; sin embargo, algunos pacientes pueden requerir imágenes complementarias para el diagnóstico. La evidencia nos demuestra que el tratamiento quirúrgico es superior al tratamiento conservador clásico. En comparación con la técnica abierta, la técnica percutánea logra mejores resultados estéticos y menos complicaciones. Nivel de Evidencia: IV


Introduction: Achilles tendon ruptures have increased considerably in recent years. Treatment of these lesions can be either conservative or surgical. Despite extensive literature, no gold standard exists. Surgical options include open surgery, mini-open surgery and percutaneous technique. The objective of this study was to characterize the clinical presentation and to report surgical results and complications in patients with ruptured Achilles tendon treated surgically with percutaneous technique. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was carried out. Adult patients were included, and clinical and epidemiological data were obtained. All patients were operated on with percutaneous technique using the Dresden Instrument. Results: Sixty patients were enrolled. All presented pain, and 92% had also associated Thompson's sign and palpable gap. Complementary images were requested in 7 patients (12%). Average time until surgery was 4.28 days. Seven patients presented minor post-operative complications. Conclusions: Achilles tendon ruptures are a prevalent pathology in older active population and weekend athletes. Diagnosis is mostly clinical; however, some patients may require complementary images for diagnosis. Strong evidence in the literature suggests that surgical treatment is superior to the classic conservative treatment. In comparison with open surgery, percutaneous technique has shown better aesthetic results and fewer complications. Level of Evidence: IV


Subject(s)
Adult , Postoperative Complications , Achilles Tendon/surgery , Achilles Tendon/injuries , Ankle Injuries/surgery , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
8.
Rev Med Chil ; 137(2): 200-7, 2009 Feb.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19543641

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among patients on chronic hemodialysis (CHD), is associated with mortality, complications and compliance to treatment. AIM: To assess HRQOL in a group of patients on CHD. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional multicenter study was carried out, involving 224 patients from five CHD units (3 private and 2 public) in Bio Bio Region, using the Kidney Disease Quality of Life -36 items (KDQOL-36) questionnaire and Karnofsky scale. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher values representing a better HRQOL. RESULTS: Physical and Mental scales and subscales of symptoms, effect and the burden of kidney disease subscales rendered scores below 50 (the referential value), in 80%, 61%, 8%, 43% and 80% of evaluations, respectively. The lower scores were observed in patients with diabetes, coronary artery disease, hypoalbuminemia, serum creatinine below 9.4 mg/dL, age >or=55 years and in those with a low economic and educational level (p <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: HRQOL in patients on hemodialysis had values below the referential score in subjects with diabetes and coronary artery disease, poor nutritional status and a low educational and socioeconomic level. The incorporation of support professionals, such as social workers, psychologists, dieticians, covering psychosocial factors, could improve the patients quality of life.


Subject(s)
Health Status , Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy , Quality of Life , Renal Dialysis , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Chi-Square Distribution , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Karnofsky Performance Status , Male , Middle Aged , Renal Dialysis/adverse effects , Socioeconomic Factors , Young Adult
9.
Rev. int. androl. (Internet) ; 15(2): 70-77, abr.-jun. 2017. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS (Spain) | ID: ibc-162808

ABSTRACT

Objetivos. Elaborar recomendaciones sobre el diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento de la eyaculación precoz (EP). Material y método. Un grupo multidisciplinar de expertos planteó las preguntas clínicas. En base a una revisión sistemática no exhaustiva y la experiencia clínica, se elaboraron recomendaciones que fueron validadas en una ronda Delphi y, posteriormente, en una reunión presencial. Resultados. El interrogatorio es básico para el diagnóstico de la EP, que se complementará con una exploración física y con el uso de cuestionarios específicos. El tratamiento psicológico de la EP con terapia sexual y técnicas conductuales es eficaz, siendo más eficaz combinado con tratamiento farmacológico. No se recomienda el uso de agentes anestésicos ni las intervenciones quirúrgicas. Los inhibidores selectivos de la recaptación de serotonina (ISRS) son eficaces y seguros, siendo la dapoxetina el único fármaco con indicación. Los inhibidores de la fosfodiesterasa tipo5 no tienen suficiente evidencia que avale su uso. No existen estrategias estandarizadas de seguimiento de esta patología, si bien se pueden utilizar herramientas como escalas, cuestionarios o la autoestimación del tiempo de latencia intravaginal para la evaluación de la respuesta, y un seguimiento específico de visitas en caso de la toma de ISRS. Conclusiones. El presente consenso propone diversas recomendaciones referidas al manejo de la EP fundamentadas en la evidencia y en la experiencia clínica y que pretende ser un instrumento útil al clínico implicado en el manejo de estos pacientes (AU)


Objectives. To develop recommendations on the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of premature ejaculation (PE). Material and method. A multidisciplinary group of experts created clinical questions. Based on a non-exhaustive systematic review and their clinical experience, recommendations were developed and validated in a Delphi round and, after that, in a meeting. Results. Interviews are essential for the diagnosis of PE, which has to be complemented with a physical examination and the use of specific questionnaires. Psychological treatment of PE with sex therapy and behavioral techniques is effective, and it is more effective when combined with drug treatment. The use of anesthetic agents or surgical interventions is not recommended. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are effective and safe, being dapoxetine the only drug with specific indication for PE. Inhibitors of phosphodiesterase type5 have not enough evidence to support their use. There are no standardized monitoring strategies for this disease, although tools such as scales, questionnaires or self-esteem intravaginal latency time for response assessment can be used, in addition to specific follow-up visits if the patient is taking SSRIs. Conclusions. This consensus proposes several recommendations regarding the management of PE according to evidence and clinical experience and aims at being a useful clinical instrument for the management of these patients (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Premature Ejaculation/diagnosis , Premature Ejaculation/therapy , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/methods , Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Anesthetics, Local/therapeutic use , Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Premature Ejaculation/drug therapy , Premature Ejaculation/psychology , Premature Ejaculation/surgery , Follow-Up Studies , Medical History Taking/methods , Surveys and Questionnaires
12.
Pediatría (Santiago de Chile) ; 30(4): 241-2, oct.-dic. 1987. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-54893

ABSTRACT

Se investiga la prevalencia de IF (+) en lactantes hospitalizados por neumopatías agudas y en lactantes sin patología respiratoria menores de 4 meses de edad, durante los meses de mayo a agosto 1986, evidenciándose una proporción de 1,7: 1 en el grupo con patología con respecto al control sano. El análisis estadístico reveló un p = 0,052, muy cercano al nivel de significación, pero no permitió demostrar una taza de colonización mayor, entre los pacientes con neumopatías


Subject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Infant , Humans , Male , Female , Chlamydia Infections/diagnosis , Chlamydia trachomatis/isolation & purification , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Lung Diseases/diagnosis
13.
Pediatría (Santiago de Chile) ; 30(4): 243-8, oct.-dic. 1987. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-54896

ABSTRACT

Se estudian los aspectos clínicos, Rx y hematológicos en 51 pacientes menores de 4 meses, hospitalizados por IRA baja, en los que se investigó la presencia de Chlamydia Trachomatis. - Se constató presencia de Chlamydia Trachomatis en 14 de los 51 lactantes (28%). Las manifestaciones clínicas comparadas no mostraron diferencias significativas. - Salvo la VHS < ou = 20 y algunos hallazgos radiológicos (concomitancia de imágenes intersticiales y alveolares con hiperinsuflación) que se presentaron con mayor frecuencia en los IF (+)


Subject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Infant , Humans , Male , Female , Chlamydia Infections/diagnosis , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Lung Diseases/diagnosis , Acute Disease , Chlamydia trachomatis/isolation & purification , Lung Diseases , Lung Diseases/blood
14.
Sucre; s.n; corr.rev; 01mar.1995. 84 p. ilus.
Thesis in Spanish | LIBOCS, LIBOSP | ID: biblio-1335602

ABSTRACT

No existen características oclusales definidas que aseguren una oclusión funcional en todos los casos. La simple reproducción anatómica de un patrón oclusal perfecto puede resultar a veces tan nocivo como la carencia total de fosas, surcos, cúspides, para evitar ello debemos basarnos en los elementos existentes aún en la periferie cavitaria. Se constató la nitidez morfológica obtenida obturando piezas posteriores con resinas reforzadas sobre las que se aplicó una matriz oclusal. La confección de la matriz oclusal en pacientes con marcado desgaste oclusal ya sea este fisiológico o patológico debe considerar la oclusión con su(s)antagonista(s), reproduciendo la morfología oclusal de la pieza tratada sino carecería de sentido confeccionar una matriz oclusal con morfología ausente


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Adult , Dental Occlusion
16.
La Paz; s.n; 2000. [29] p.
Non-conventional in Spanish | LIBOCS, LIBOSP | ID: biblio-1301218

ABSTRACT

El fenomeno climatologico El nino 1997/98,el terremoto que sacudio las poblaciones de Aiquile y Totora en el Departamento de Cochabamba 1998, y el desastre que consumio por fuego Ascencion de Guarayos en Santa Cruz de la Sierra 1999,se constituyen en tres grandes antecedendes a partir de los cuales se implementaron programas de transferencia tecnologica y de participacion comunitaria,que han servido para atender las necesidades de saneamiento basico de sus pobladores.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Water , Health , Basic Sanitation , Natural Disasters , Fire Extinguishing Systems
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