ABSTRACT
During 2006-2011, 5035 fecal samples were tested by PCR for human adenovirus (HAdV) and sequenced. HAdV was detected in 198 cases (3.9%), with the highest rate in children ≤ 5 years. Enteric HAdVs were the most prevalent genotypes (78%; 146/187): HAdV-F41 (63.6%; 119/187), HAdV-F40 (12.3%; 23/187), HAdV-A12 (1.6%; 3/187) and HAdV-A31 (0.5%; 1/187). Non-enteric HAdVs were detected in 22% (41/187): HAdV-C1 (8.0%; 15/187), HAdV-C2 (6.9%; 13/187), HAdV-C5 (4.3%; 8/187), HAdV-D8 (1.3%; 2/187), HAdV-B21 (0.5%; 1/187), HAdV-B3 (0.5%; 1/187) and HAdV-C6 (0.5%; 1/187). This 6-year retrospective study points out a high diversity of HAdV types circulating in Brazil and highlights the need to carry out molecular epidemiological studies of HAdV among patients with acute diarrheal infection on a regular basis.
Subject(s)
Adenovirus Infections, Human/epidemiology , Adenoviruses, Human/classification , Adenoviruses, Human/genetics , Gastroenteritis/epidemiology , Adenoviruses, Human/isolation & purification , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Brazil/epidemiology , Child , Child, Preschool , DNA, Viral/genetics , Feces/virology , Female , Gastroenteritis/virology , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Molecular Epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Young AdultABSTRACT
We investigated an outbreak of exanthematous illness in Maceió by using molecular surveillance; 76% of samples tested positive for chikungunya virus. Genetic analysis of 23 newly generated genomes identified the East/Central/South African genotype, suggesting that this lineage has persisted since mid-2014 in Brazil and may spread in the Americas and beyond.
Subject(s)
Chikungunya Fever/epidemiology , Chikungunya virus/genetics , Disease Outbreaks , RNA, Viral/genetics , Zika Virus Infection/epidemiology , Zika Virus/genetics , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Animals , Brazil/epidemiology , Chikungunya Fever/transmission , Chikungunya Fever/virology , Chikungunya virus/classification , Chikungunya virus/isolation & purification , Child , Child, Preschool , Coinfection , Exanthema/pathology , Exanthema/virology , Female , Genotype , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Phylogeny , Zika Virus/classification , Zika Virus/isolation & purification , Zika Virus Infection/transmission , Zika Virus Infection/virologyABSTRACT
Circular single stranded DNA viruses (CRESS DNA) encoding a homologous replication-associated protein (REP) have been identified in most of eukaryotic groups. It is not clear yet the role in human diseases or details of the life cycle of these viruses. Recently, much interest has been raised in the evolutionary history of CRESS DNA owing to the increasing number of new sequences obtained by Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) in distinct host species. In this study we describe two full-length CRESS DNA genomes obtained of two newly diagnosed HIV patients from São Paulo State, Brazil. The initial BLASTx search indicated that both sequences (named SP-FFB/2020 and SP-MJMS/2020) are highly similar (98%) to a previous CRESS DNA sequence detected in human fecal sample from Peru in 2016 and designated as pecovirus (Peruvian stool-associated circo-like virus). This study reported for the first time the Human feces pecovirus in the feces of two newly diagnosed HIV patients in Brazil. Our comparative analysis showed that although pecoviruses in South America share an identical genome structure they diverge and form distinct clades. Thus, we suggest the circulation of different species of pecoviruses in Latin America. Nevertheless, further studies must be done to examine the pathogenicity of this virus.