ABSTRACT
A Bordetella pertussis strain lacking 2 acellular vaccine immunogens, pertussis toxin and pertactin, was isolated from an unvaccinated infant in New York State in 2013. Comparison with a French strain that was pertussis toxin-deficient, pertactin wild-type showed that the strains carry the same 28-kb deletion in similar genomes.
Subject(s)
Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/genetics , Bordetella pertussis/genetics , Pertussis Toxin/genetics , Virulence Factors, Bordetella/genetics , Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/immunology , Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/metabolism , Bordetella pertussis/immunology , Bordetella pertussis/metabolism , Gene Deletion , Humans , Pertussis Toxin/immunology , Pertussis Toxin/metabolism , Pertussis Vaccine/genetics , Pertussis Vaccine/immunology , Virulence Factors, Bordetella/immunology , Virulence Factors, Bordetella/metabolism , Whooping Cough/prevention & controlSubject(s)
Disease Outbreaks , Jews , Measles/epidemiology , Travel-Related Illness , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Jews/statistics & numerical data , Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine/administration & dosage , Middle Aged , New Jersey/epidemiology , New York/epidemiology , Young AdultABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The Indo-Guyanese population is the largest immigrant minority population in Schenectady, New York. A clinic-based study in Schenectady and surveillance reports from Guyana found high diabetes prevalence and mortality among Guyanese of Indian descent. No community-based study has focused on diabetes among Indo-Guyanese immigrants in the United States. We sought information on the prevalence of diabetes and its complications in Indo-Guyanese adults in Schenectady and compared it with the prevalence among non-Hispanic white adults in Schenectady. METHODS: We administered a cross-sectional health survey at community venues in Schenectady in 2011. We identified diagnosed diabetes and its complications through self-reports by using a reliability-tested questionnaire. The final data set included 313 Indo-Guyanese and 327 non-Hispanic white adults aged 18 years or older. We compared the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes and diabetes complications between Indo-Guyanese and non-Hispanic whites. RESULTS: Most Indo-Guyanese participants were born in Guyana, whereas most non-Hispanic whites were born in the United States. The crude prevalence of diagnosed diabetes among Indo-Guyanese participants and non-Hispanic whites was 30.3% and 16.1%, respectively. The age-standardized prevalence was 28.7% among Indo-Guyanese participants, significantly higher than that among non-Hispanic whites (14.5%, P < .001). Indo-Guyanese participants who had diabetes had a lower body mass index and were more likely to report poor or fair general health and eye or vision complications than non-Hispanic whites who had diabetes. CONCLUSION: Our study confirms the higher prevalence of diabetes in Indo-Guyanese adults in Schenectady. The higher prevalence of complications suggests poor control of diabetes. Excess burden of diabetes in this population calls for further research and public health action.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Health Status Indicators , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diabetes Complications/ethnology , Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis , Diabetes Mellitus/ethnology , Emigrants and Immigrants/statistics & numerical data , Female , Guyana/ethnology , Humans , India/ethnology , Male , Middle Aged , Mortality/ethnology , New York/epidemiology , PrevalenceABSTRACT
Rubella was declared eliminated in the United States in 2004. During 2013-2015, 2 infants with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) were born in New York State. Both mothers were foreign born and traveled to Yemen during their pregnancy. Delayed consideration of CRS led to preventable exposures and a substantial public health response.