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1.
Rev Med Suisse ; 20(873): 932-939, 2024 05 08.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38717000

ABSTRACT

This is a selection of some important studies recently published and dealing with several key organization and functioning features of family medicine. This year, the articles focus on organizational responses to emergencies in family medicine. In this field, the use of primary care professionals other than physicians is an interesting solution. One article examines direct access to a physiotherapist, with very positive results, while a second explores the wide-ranging skills of advanced practice nurses in the emergency field. In some countries, such as Belgium, the use of teleconsultation in primary care is also being considered to avoid inappropriate use of hospital emergencies. Finally, more macroscopic organizational aspects of the healthcare system and the role of primary care in health emergencies will be considered in the last article.


Cet article présente une sélection d'études récemment publiées et explorant différents aspects du fonctionnement de la médecine de famille (MF). Elles sont centrées sur les réponses organisationnelles face à l'urgence en MF. Dans ce domaine, le recours à d'autres professionnels de soins primaires que les médecins est une approche intéressante. Ainsi un premier article porte sur l'accès direct au physiothérapeute et montre des résultats très positifs ; un second décrit les compétences des infirmières de pratique avancée mobilisables dans l'urgence. Le recours à la téléconsultation est aussi envisagé pour une utilisation plus appropriée des urgences hospitalières dans certains pays. Enfin, les aspects organisationnels plus macroscopiques sur la place des soins primaires dans l'urgence sanitaire sont réfléchis dans un dernier article.


Subject(s)
Family Practice , Primary Health Care , Humans , Family Practice/organization & administration , Family Practice/trends , Family Practice/methods , Primary Health Care/organization & administration , Primary Health Care/trends , Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration , Delivery of Health Care/trends
2.
Rev Med Suisse ; 19(826): 885-888, 2023 May 10.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37162408

ABSTRACT

The future of primary care structures will be interprofessional or it will not be! Beyond this somewhat provocative statement, this is, in fact, a transformation that is already on the way in Western countries. This article describes developments in different countries, such as the United States, where Patient-Centered Medical Homes, based on multi-professional teams, have been developing since the 2000s, and Canada, where the evolution of financial models is accompanying that of organizational models. In Europe, two examples of integration of the health and social domains highlight the relevance of such an approach in primary care.


Le futur des structures de première ligne sera interprofessionnel ou ne sera pas ! Au-delà de cette affirmation un peu provocatrice, il s'agit, de fait, d'une transformation déjà bien en marche dans les pays occidentaux. Cet article décrit les évolutions dans différents pays comme aux États-Unis, où les Patient-Centered Medical Home, basées sur des équipes pluriprofessionnelles, se développent depuis les années 2000, et au Canada où l'évolution des modèles financiers accompagne celle des modèles organisationnels. En Europe, deux exemples d'intégration des domaines sanitaire et social soulignent la pertinence d'une telle démarche dans les soins de première ligne.


Subject(s)
Family Practice , Patient-Centered Care , Humans , United States , Europe , Canada , Patient Care Team
3.
Rev Med Suisse ; 19(826): 889-891, 2023 May 10.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37162409

ABSTRACT

The development of multi-professional teamwork in primary care is one solution adopted to meet the needs of care coordination and comprehensive patient management. This article describes the composition of primary care practices in terms of professionals other than general practitioners. It highlights the fact that Western countries are at quite different stages of development in this field.


Le développement du travail en équipe pluriprofessionnelle dans les soins de premier recours est une solution adoptée pour répondre aux besoins de coordination des soins et de prise en charge globale de la patientèle. Cet article décrit la composition des structures de première ligne en termes de professionnels autres que les médecins généralistes. Il met en lumière le constat que les pays occidentaux présentent des états d'avancement assez différents dans le domaine.


Subject(s)
General Practice , General Practitioners , Humans
4.
Environ Health ; 21(1): 3, 2022 01 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34980135

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The medical field causes significant environmental impact. Reduction of the primary care practice carbon footprint could contribute to decreasing global carbon emissions. This study aims to quantify the average carbon footprint of a primary care consultation, describe differences between primary care practices (best, worst and average performing) in western Switzerland and identify opportunities for mitigation. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective carbon footprint analysis of ten private practices over the year 2018. We used life-cycle analysis to estimate carbon emissions of each sector, from manufacture to disposal, expressing results as CO2 equivalents per average consultation and practice. We then modelled an average and theoretical best- case and worst-case practices. Collected data included invoices, medical and furniture inventories, heating and power supply, staff and patient transport, laboratory analyses (in/out-house) waste quantities and management costs. RESULTS: An average medical consultation generated 4.8 kg of CO2eq and overall, an average practice produced 30 tons of CO2eq per year, with 45.7% for staff and patient transport and 29.8% for heating. Medical consumables produced 5.5% of CO2eq emissions, while in-house laboratory and X-rays contributed less than 1% each. Emergency analyses requiring courier transport caused 5.8% of all emissions. Support activities generated 82.6% of the total CO2eq. Simulation of best- and worst-case scenarios resulted in a ten-fold variation in CO2eq emissions. CONCLUSION: Optimizing structural and organisational aspects of practice work could have a major impact on the carbon footprint of primary care practices without large-scale changes in medical activities.


Subject(s)
Carbon Footprint , Carbon , Humans , Primary Health Care , Retrospective Studies , Switzerland
5.
Fam Pract ; 39(4): 586-591, 2022 07 19.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34537836

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The canton of Vaud's public health authorities, in Switzerland, invited general practitioners (GPs) to participate in managing suspected COVID-19 patients and continue caring for their non-COVID-19 patients. However, this course of action was not mandatory. The present study's objective was to describe and understand how involved GPs were in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic's first wave. METHODS: This mixed-methods study combined a retrospective quantitative survey and a qualitative explanatory investigation. All of the canton's GPs were invited to participate in the quantitative survey via an online questionnaire including sections on: specific organization regarding COVID-19 activities and suspected COVID-19 patients, activities relating to non-COVID-19 patients, consequences on the practice's professional staff, and opinions about the public health authorities' pandemic crisis management. The qualitative investigation involved interviews with 10 volunteer GPs. RESULTS: The participation rate was 41%. One third of GPs chose not to reorganize their practice for the specific management of suspected COVID-19 patients. The number of weekly activities and interventions decreased by over 50% at 44% of practices, mostly due to a lack of patients. Even in an extraordinary crisis, GPs maintained their choice of whether to become involved, as their private and independent status allowed them to do. However, those who chose to be involved felt frustrated that the public health authorities did not recognize them as major health providers in the management of the pandemic. CONCLUSION: This study illustrated the complexity and limitations of a primary care system based completely on private healthcare providers.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , General Practitioners , COVID-19/epidemiology , Delivery of Health Care , Humans , Pandemics , Retrospective Studies
6.
Sante Publique ; 33(6): 991-995, 2022.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35724203

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Facing COVID-19, most of health care system first responded with the confinement of the population and an increase of intensive care resources. Primary care was then mobilized variably and more or less coordinated. PURPOSE OF RESEARCH: Comparing the involvement of primary care in four francophone regions with similar primary care to draw lessons for reforms directions in light of the COVID experience. RESULTS: Mobilization of primary care actors was important, heterogeneous and linked to local context and previous dynamics at the territorial level or the practice level except in Quebec where primary care is governed by health authorities. The creation of COVID centers was systematic as "warm practices" in Quebec or left to the initiative of local stakeholders more or less supported by health authorities. Teleconsultation, largely dominated by the use of the telephone, was implemented everywhere, generally supported by flexible and adapted pricing. The performance of diagnostic tests such as vaccination by new professionals within a legal, financial and simple training framework is a major area for improvement. Information systems to assess local needs were insufficient everywhere. CONCLUSION: The definition of primary care governance methods and, in particular, the link between professionals and public health operators in the four areas studied is a priority area for improvement at both local and national levels.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Belgium , COVID-19/epidemiology , France , Humans , Primary Health Care , Quebec , Switzerland
7.
Rev Med Suisse ; 18(781): 943-947, 2022 May 11.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35543686

ABSTRACT

This is a selection of some important studies recently published and dealing with several key organization and functioning features of family medicine. This year, three of the four articles focus on teamwork in primary care. They show the value of such a practice, both for the well-being of professionals and for the efficiency of the healthcare system. The last article highlights the value of adopting healthy behaviors at age 50 to reduce the risk of frailty associated with older age.


Cet article présente une sélection d'études marquantes récemment publiées et qui explorent différents aspects du fonctionnement et de l'organisation de la médecine de famille dans le monde. Cette année, trois des quatre articles portent sur le fonctionnement en équipe en soins primaires. Ils démontrent l'intérêt d'une telle pratique, aussi bien sur le bien-être des professionnels que pour l'efficience du système de santé. Le dernier article souligne l'intérêt de l'adoption de comportements de santé dès l'âge de 50 ans pour réduire le risque de fragilité lié au grand âge.


Subject(s)
Delivery of Health Care , Family Practice , Humans , Middle Aged , Organizations
8.
Rev Med Suisse ; 18(788): 1313-1321, 2022 Jun 29.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35770435

ABSTRACT

Given the frequency of cancers, prevention is based on knowledge of the causes. Experts estimate the proportion of cancers attributable to work at around 5 %. If it is shown that exposure at work is involved, the patient can claim compensation for an occupational disease. In order for the occupational origin to be identified, it is important to know which jobs/sectors of activity are possibly at risk. The aim of this article is to present the six main cancer sites for which a link with occupational exposure has been documented, to specify the causes of the under-reporting of occupational cancers, the role of the treating physician working in a multidisciplinary network, and the tools and practical advice for optimizing the support to patients/their relatives.


Face à la fréquence des cancers, la prévention repose sur la connaissance des étiologies. Des experts estiment la part des cancers attribuables au travail autour de 5 %. Si l'on démontre qu'une exposition au travail est en cause, le patient peut prétendre à une indemnisation en maladie professionnelle. Pour que l'origine professionnelle puisse être identifiée, il est important de savoir quels métiers/secteurs d'activité sont possiblement à risque. L'objectif de cet article est de présenter les 6 principaux sites de cancers pour lesquels un lien avec des expositions professionnelles est documenté, de préciser les causes de la sous-déclaration des cancers professionnels, le rôle du médecin traitant travaillant en réseau pluridisciplinaire, ainsi que les outils et les conseils pratiques pour optimiser l'accompagnement des patients/leurs proches.


Subject(s)
General Practitioners , Neoplasms , Occupational Diseases , Occupational Exposure , Humans , Neoplasms/epidemiology , Neoplasms/etiology , Neoplasms/prevention & control , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Occupational Diseases/prevention & control , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects
9.
CMAJ ; 193(33): E1289-E1299, 2021 08 23.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34426445

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Although assessment of geriatric syndromes is increasingly encouraged in older adults, little evidence exists to support its systematic use by general practitioners (GPs). The aim of this study was to determine whether a systematic geriatric evaluation performed by GPs can prevent functional decline. METHODS: We conducted a controlled, open-label, pragmatic cluster-randomized trial in 42 general practices in Switzerland. Participating GPs were expected to enrol an average of 10 community-dwelling adults (aged ≥ 75 yr) who understood French, and had visited their GP at least twice in the previous year. The intervention consisted of yearly assessment by the GP of 8 geriatric syndromes with an associated tailored management plan according to assessment results, compared with routine care. Our primary outcomes were the proportion of patients who lost at least 1 instrumental activity of daily living (ADL) and the proportion who lost at least 1 basic ADL, over 2 years. Our secondary outcomes were quality-of-life scores, measured using the older adult module of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument, and health care use. RESULTS: Forty-two GPs recruited 429 participants (63% women) with a mean age of 82.5 years (standard deviation 4.8 yr) at time of recruitment. Of these, we randomly assigned 217 participants to the intervention and 212 to the control arm. The proportion of patients who lost at least 1 instrumental ADL in the intervention and control arms during the course of the study was 43.6% and 47.6%, respectively (risk difference -4.0%, 95% confidence interval [CI] -14.9% to 6.7%, p = 0.5). The proportion of patients who lost at least 1 basic ADL was 12.4% in the intervention arm and 16.9% in the control arm (risk difference -5.1%, 95% CI -14.3% to 4.1%, p = 0.3). INTERPRETATION: A yearly geriatric evaluation with an associated management plan, conducted systematically in GP practices, does not significantly lessen functional decline among community-dwelling, older adult patients, compared with routine care. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02618291.


Subject(s)
Cognitive Dysfunction/prevention & control , General Practice/methods , Geriatric Assessment/methods , Reference Standards , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cluster Analysis , Female , Humans , Male , Pragmatic Clinical Trials as Topic , Quality of Life/psychology , Switzerland
10.
Rev Med Suisse ; 17(724): 268-269, 2021 Feb 03.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33538141

ABSTRACT

Global warming is a major contemporary issue which is the subject of considerable interest and questioning in the scientific community. Today, what do we really know about environmental degradation, the impact on human health and the implications for health equity ? This article invites us to reflect on this by introducing some of the concepts that are currently being developed.


Le réchauffement climatique est un enjeu contemporain majeur faisant l'objet d'un intérêt important et de questionnements prononcés dans la communauté scientifique. De nos jours, que savons-nous vraiment des dégradations environnementales, de l'impact sur la santé humaine et des répercussions sur l'équité en santé ? Le présent article vous invite à y réfléchir en introduisant certains concepts développés actuellement.


Subject(s)
Health Equity , Humans
11.
Rev Med Suisse ; 17(738): 920-923, 2021 May 12.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33998190

ABSTRACT

This is a selection of some important studies published in 2020 dealing with several key organization and functioning features of family medicine. This year, two literature reviews are presented. They deal with large-scale interventions to strengthen primary care and the view of interprofessional collaboration by professionals other than physicians. A third article focuses on the link between regular visits to the general practitioner and hospitalizations. Finally, it is impossible to avoid an article related to the COVID-19 pandemic this year! This one synthesizes the potential role of primary care in the response to the pandemic.


Cet article présente une sélection d'études marquantes publiées, en 2020, qui explorent différents aspects du fonctionnement et de l'organisation de la médecine de famille dans le monde. Cette année, deux revues de littérature sont présentées. Elles concernent les interventions à large échelle permettant de renforcer les soins primaires et la vision de la collaboration interprofessionnelle par d'autres professionnels que les médecins. Un troisième article porte sur le lien entre la régularité des visites chez le généraliste et les hospitalisations. Enfin, impossible d'échapper à un article en lien avec la pandémie de Covid-19 cette année ! Celui proposé ici synthétise le rôle potentiel des soins primaires dans la réponse à la pandémie.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Family Practice , Humans , Pandemics , Primary Health Care , SARS-CoV-2
12.
Rev Med Suisse ; 17(724): 263-267, 2021 Feb 03.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33538140

ABSTRACT

Climate change and forced migration are two major global health concerns. They are closely related, with climate change causing an increasing number of forced migrants. Natural disasters, sea-level rising or land aridification are examples of consequences of climate change that have an impact on forced migration. Moreover, the health of forced migrants can be directly affected by climate change, during the migration process or in the host country. The absence of a legal status of «â€…climate refugee ¼ can be an important barrier of access to health care. These vulnerable populations are among the first to be affected, which is an important health equity issue.


Le changement climatique est au centre des préoccupations en santé globale, tout comme le sont les mouvements migratoires forcés. Ces deux problématiques sont étroitement liées, le changement climatique étant à l'origine d'un nombre croissant de migrations forcées. Effectivement, les catastrophes naturelles, la montée des eaux ou l'aridification des terres sont des exemples de conséquences du changement climatique qui forcent à la migration. De plus, le réchauffement climatique affecte la santé des migrants forcés, que ce soit lors du parcours migratoire ou dans le pays d'accueil où la non-reconnaissance du statut juridique de «â€…réfugié climatique ¼ peut être un obstacle à une bonne prise en charge médicale. Ainsi, ces populations socialement vulnérables sont parmi les premières touchées, ce qui soulève d'importants enjeux d'équité en santé.


Subject(s)
Global Health , Climate Change , Humans , Refugees , Transients and Migrants , Vulnerable Populations
13.
Rev Med Suisse ; 17(738): 924-927, 2021 May 12.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33998191

ABSTRACT

The disastrous consequences of global warming call for action at every level. Primary care practices have the potential to reduce their carbon footprint by a factor of ten without changing their medical habits. The main options for carbon emissions mitigation are in the areas of heating and transport. Thirteen recommendations for action have been developed with the help of established GPs.


Les conséquences désastreuses du réchauffement climatique appellent des actions de tous les milieux et à tous les niveaux. Les cabinets de médecine de famille ont un potentiel de réduction de leur empreinte carbone d'un facteur dix et ceci sans changer leurs pratiques médicales. Les principales options de réduction des émissions carbone concernent les domaines du chauffage et du transport. Treize recommandations d'actions ont été élaborées avec le concours de médecins généralistes installé·es.


Subject(s)
Carbon Footprint , Family Practice , Global Warming , Humans
14.
Rev Med Suisse ; 16(694): 1039-1043, 2020 May 20.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32432421

ABSTRACT

Interprofessional collaboration (IPC) in primary care is widely encouraged, however, while medical students have a favourable attitude towards IPC, this attitude is less favourable when they reach the post-graduate level. A review of the literature on the characteristics of interprofessional primary care teams shows that while the positive effects of IPC are relatively clear on the care processes, they are much less clear with respect to patient health outcomes. A third paper studies the annual rate of family medicine visits and shows no association with mortality or hospital admissions rates. A final article, from China, looks at the idea of changing patients' perceptions of expected waiting times in order to improve their satisfaction with the health care system. The results could be extrapolated to our Western systems!


L'interprofessionnalité (IP) en médecine de premier recours est largement encouragée. Cependant, si les étudiants en médecine ont une attitude favorable vis-à-vis de l'IP, celle-ci est dégradée lorsqu'ils atteignent le postgrade. Une revue de littérature sur le travail en IP montre que si ses effets positifs sont assez clairement établis sur les processus de soins, ils le sont moins pour ce qui concerne la santé des patients. Un troisième article sur le nombre annuel de visites en médecine de famille montre son absence d'association avec la mortalité ou encore les admissions hospitalières. Un dernier article, chinois, vise à modifier la perception du délai d'attente acceptable pour les patients afin d'améliorer leur satisfaction vis-à-vis du système de soins. Les résultats pourraient être extrapolables à nos systèmes !


Subject(s)
Family Practice , Patient Care , Primary Health Care , Family Practice/methods , Family Practice/organization & administration , Family Practice/standards , Humans , Internationality , Patient Care/methods , Patient Care/standards , Primary Health Care/methods , Primary Health Care/organization & administration , Primary Health Care/standards
15.
Rev Med Suisse ; 16(714-2): 5-35, 2020 Nov 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34164965

ABSTRACT

The health of ecosystems and human health are closely linked. Interdisciplinary approaches and initiatives such as "One-Health," "EcoHealth," and, more recently, "Planetary Health" articulate this link. The three concepts are based on recognizing the interdependence between living organisms, both human and non-human, and their ecosystems. And yet, we are living in a time when human activity is leading to a profound degradation of the environment all over the world. Nine planetary boundaries for earth system processes have been proposed who's critical thresholds should not be crossed if we want to maintain our ecosystems and avoid risk of unwelcome outcomes: 1) climate change, 2) loss of biodiversity, 3) disturbances in biogeochemical cycles of nitrogen and phosphorus, 4) deforestation and changes in land use, 5) chemical pollution, 6) ocean acidification, 7) depletion of the ozone layer, 8) the degradation of drinking water, and 9) aerosol pollution. These "planetary bounderies" are suggested to represent a framework within which human activity can develop safely while still allowing the Earth systems to function sustainably. Yet several of these thresholds have already been crossed or are in a risky zone of uncertainty. This is all the more worrying because the connect ions between these various forms of environmental degradation and to human health are nonlinear and complex.


Subject(s)
Ecosystem , Seawater , Biodiversity , Climate Change , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
16.
Rev Med Suisse ; 16(714-1): 5-36, 2020 Nov 11.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34164966

ABSTRACT

The health of ecosystems and human health are closely linked. Interdisciplinary approaches and initiatives such as "One-Health," "EcoHealth," and, more recently, "Planetary Health" articulate this link. The three concepts are based on recognizing the interdependence between living organisms, both human and non-human, and their ecosystems. And yet, we are living in a time when human activity is leading to a profound degradation of the environment all over the world. Nine planetary boundaries for earth system processes have been proposed who's critical thresholds should not be crossed if we want to maintain our ecosystems and avoid risk of unwelcome outcomes: 1) climate change, 2) loss of biodiversity, 3) disturbances in biogeochemical cycles of nitrogen and phosphorus, 4) deforestation and changes in land use, 5) chemical pollution, 6) ocean acidification, 7) depletion of the ozone layer, 8) the degradation of drinking water, and 9) aerosol pollution. These "planetary bounderies" are suggested to represent a framework within which human activity can develop safely while still allowing the Earth systems to function sustainably. Yet several of these thresholds have already been crossed or are in a risky zone of uncertainty. This is all the more worrying because the connect ions between these various forms of environmental degradation and to human health are nonlinear and complex.


La santé des écosystèmes et la santé humaine sont intimement liées. Ces liens sont formalisés dans des concepts et initiatives comme «OneHealth¼, «EcoHealth¼ ou plus récemment «Planetary Health¼. Ces concepts se basent sur une reconnaissance des relations d'interdépendances entre les organismes vivants, humains et non humains et leurs écosystèmes. Pourtant, nous sommes dans une période où l'activité humaine conduit à des dégradations profondes de l'environnement autour du monde. Des seuils de transformations des écosystèmes à ne pas dépasser, au niveau mondial, ont été identifiés pour 9 domaines: 1) le changement climatique, 2) l'érosion de la biodiversité, 3) les perturbations des cycles biogéochimiques de l'azote et du phosphore, 4) la déforestation et les changements d'utilisation des sols, 5) les pollutions chimiques, 6) l'acidification des océans, 7) la déplétion de la couche d'ozone, 8) la dégradation de l'eau potable et 9) la pollution aux aérosols. Ces «limites planétaires¼ constituent un cadre inextensible global dans lequel peuvent se déployer les activités humaines tout en permettant au système Terre dans son ensemble de fonctionner durablement et à l'humanité de poursuivre son développement. Plusieurs de ces limites sont pourtant dépassées ou dans une zone d'incertitude et de préoccupation. D'autant plus que des relations non-linéaires et complexes lient ces différentes dégradations environnementales entre elles et à la santé humaine.


Subject(s)
Ecosystem , Seawater , Biodiversity , Climate Change , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
17.
Rev Med Suisse ; 16(713): 2108-2111, 2020 Nov 04.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33146960

ABSTRACT

Blending public health and primary care together means building bridges between professionals - those who deal with the health and care of individuals and those who deal with the health of a population. At the organizational level, many factors facilitate the integration of these two areas among which : a clear mandate with a vision, identified goals, and the development of a collaborative culture. In French-speaking Switzerland, the integration of public health and general medicine into a common university dynamic was one of the driving forces behind the Alliance santé project that led to the creation of Unisanté in 2019. Elsewhere in the world, similar institutions already exist and sometimes take different forms. In this article, we will briefly present four of them in Wales, Scotland, Canada and the Netherlands.


Faire converger la santé publique et la médecine générale, c'est créer des ponts entre les professionnel·le·s qui s'occupent de la santé et des soins d'une personne d'une part et celles et ceux qui ont pour sujet la santé d'une population. Plusieurs facteurs facilitent l'intégration de ces deux domaines parmi lesquels : un mandat clair avec une vision et des objectifs identifiés et le développement d'une culture collaborative. En Suisse romande, l'intégration de la santé publique et de la médecine générale dans une dynamique universitaire commune fut l'un des moteurs du projet Alliance santé qui a permis la création d'Unisanté en 2019. Ailleurs dans le monde, des institutions similaires existent déjà et prennent des formes parfois différentes. Nous allons dans cet article en présenter brièvement quatre au pays de Galles, en Écosse, au Canada et aux Pays-Bas.


Subject(s)
Primary Health Care/trends , Public Health/trends , Canada , Humans , Netherlands , Scotland , Switzerland , Wales
18.
Rev Med Suisse ; 16(694): 1026-1033, 2020 May 20.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32432419

ABSTRACT

Today, there are more and more self-test kits available on the high street. With a few exceptions (HIV, FIT), it is currently unclear whether they are effective, neither beneficial for the consumer, nor useful for the Swiss healthcare system. Is there a favorable impact for the health system? This article tries to help doctors find their way among the many self-test available, providing them a reading grid and recommendations for their patients.


À l'heure actuelle, il existe de nombreux tests de dépistage que l'on peut acheter en vente libre et réaliser soi-même. Hormis quelques exceptions (VIH, FIT), il n'est actuellement pas clair si leur utilisation est réellement bénéfique pour le consommateur et si un impact favorable peut être attendu en termes de santé publique. Après avoir posé quelques éléments de définitions et de situations, cet article cherche à donner des pistes aux médecins quant à une telle offre, en leur proposant une grille de lecture critique et des recommandations possibles pour leurs patients.


Subject(s)
Attitude of Health Personnel , Diagnostic Tests, Routine/standards , Physicians , Self Care/methods , Humans , Self Care/standards , Switzerland
19.
Rev Med Suisse ; 16(694): 1049-1055, 2020 May 20.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32432423

ABSTRACT

Global warming is considered by most scientists as one of the greatest public health threats of the 21st century. Some individual behaviours and consumption habits related to the food and mobility sectors are responsible for a high amount of CO2 emissions, the main greenhouse gas. Thus, some messages promoted by health professionals will have an impact on the fight against the epidemic of lifestyle-related chronic diseases but will also have an environmental co-benefit. With a population increasingly aware of current environmental issues, environmental considerations could be an additional motivating factor for patients when promoting a healthier diet or physical activity.


Le réchauffement climatique est considéré par la majorité du monde scientifique comme une des plus grandes menaces de santé publique du 21e siècle. Certains comportements individuels et modes de consommation ayant trait aux secteurs de l'alimentation et de la mobilité sont à l'origine d'une quantité élevée d'émissions de gaz carbonique (C02), principal gaz à effet de serre. Ainsi, certains messages transmis par les professionnels qui œuvrent pour la promotion de la santé auront un impact sur la lutte contre l'épidémie de maladies chroniques liées au style de vie, mais auront également un cobénéfice environnemental. Dans une population de plus en plus sensibilisée aux enjeux écologiques actuels, les considérations environnementales pourraient être un facteur motivationnel supplémentaire chez les patients pour l'adoption d'un régime alimentaire plus sain ou d'une activité physique plus soutenue.


Subject(s)
Agriculture/statistics & numerical data , Diet/statistics & numerical data , Global Warming/statistics & numerical data , Health Promotion/statistics & numerical data , Public Health/statistics & numerical data , Exercise , Humans
20.
Rev Med Suisse ; 16(698): 1262-1264, 2020 Jun 17.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32558456

ABSTRACT

The current new coronavirus pandemic has highlighted the importance of taking into consideration population groups particularly at risk of contracting Covid-19 disease or developing severe forms of the disease. The medical literature, the press and the authorities have thus stepped up the use of the expression «â€…vulnerable populations ¼ in recent weeks to refer to it. However, behind this general expression there are diverse but often interdependent realities whose specific consideration and understanding seem essential for the effective management of the epidemic and its health and socio-economic consequences.


La pandémie actuelle liée au nouveau coronavirus a mis en évidence l'importance de prendre en considération des catégories de population particulièrement à risque de contracter la maladie Covid-19 et/ou d'y développer des formes sévères. La littérature médicale, la presse et les autorités ont ainsi multiplié l'utilisation de l'expression «â€…populations vulnérables ¼ ces dernières semaines pour y faire référence. Cependant, derrière cette expression englobante se cache des réalités diverses, souvent interdépendantes, dont la prise en compte spécifique et la compréhension semblent indispensables à une bonne gestion de l'épidémie et de ses conséquences sanitaires et socio-économiques.


Subject(s)
Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , Vulnerable Populations/statistics & numerical data , Betacoronavirus/pathogenicity , COVID-19 , Coronavirus Infections/economics , Humans , Pandemics/economics , Pneumonia, Viral/economics , SARS-CoV-2
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