Effects of dance therapy on non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Parkinson's disease (PD) represents the second most common neurodegenerative disease. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of dance therapy (DT) aimed at improving non-motor symptoms in PD. METHODS: Studies were performed through PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Embase, and Science Direct from inception to October 27, 2021. The data were screened independently by two reviewers, and the quality of the papers was assessed using the Cochrane manual. The included studies were randomized controlled trials and quasi-randomized controlled trials, reporting random-effects standardized mean differences, and 95% confidence intervals as the effect size. I2 statistics were used to assess heterogeneity. The main outcomes included the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MOCA), Baker Depression Scale (BDI), Parkinson's Fatigue Scale (FPS-16), and Apathy Scale (AS). RevMan 5.3 software was integrated for meta-analysis. RESULTS: Nine literatures were analyzed for the meta-analysis with a total of 307 patients. Random effects showed that DT significantly improved cognitive of PD (MD = 1.50, 95% CI [0.52, 2.48], P = 0.0003; I2 = 51%). However, this meta-analysis demonstrated that dance therapy had no significance for improving depression (MD = - 1.33, 95% CI [- 4.11, 1.45], P = 0.35; I2 = 79%), fatigue (MD = 0.26, 95% CI [- 0.31, 0.83], P = 0.37; I2 = 0%), and apathy (MD = 0.07, 95% CI [- 2.55, 2.69], P = 0.96; I2 = 50%). CONCLUSION: The meta-analysis suggests that dance can improve cognitive function in PD.

Master of nursing specialist experiences of an internship through the use of written reflections: A qualitative research study.

Background: Reflective practice is an educational strategy and an essential part of the professional development of nurses. However, there are few reflective journals in the master of nursing specialist program or clinical nursing education. Objectives: Based on Gibbs' reflective cycle theory, masters of nursing specialists (MNS) will use a diary to record their reflections on a particular clinical event. The purpose of this study was to identify reflective practice as tool to help MNS improve their professional and personal development. Design: A descriptive qualitative study. Methods: The purposive sampling method was used in the qualitative study. The data were derived from the master of nursing specialist who interned at the hospital from June to December 2021. After completing the job rotation and relevant course training within 6 months, a clinical experience was selected as a reflection. The traditional qualitative content analysis method was applied to analyze the collected data in the research. Results: A total of 10 reflective diaries completed by ten students were analyzed. This qualitative study demonstrated that the Gibbs' reflective cycle is valuable and helpful in the clinical practice of master of nursing specialists. This program helps master of nursing specialists reflect on their clinical practice and translate real-life experiences into valuable learning experiences for developing their professional development and personal skills. Conclusions: By writing reflection diaries, master of nursing specialists can reflect on the problems encountered during clinical rotations and take action following that reflection, which can assist them in improving their professional development and personal skills to handle clinical nursing aspects in the future, as well as improve their full participation in clinical practice.