MICROBIOCENOSIS IN INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES OF MARGINAL GUM AMONG CHILDREN.

INTRODUCTION: The development of gingivitis among children remains actual problem in modern dentistry due to high prevalence, disorders of dental-alveolar functions and development of parodontium diseases at the older age. The microorganisms occupying dental chamfer play the leading role in parodontium tissues damage. AIM: Research of microbial spectrum of dental chamfer and assessment of etiology significances of the revealed microorganisms in gingivitis among children of school age. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bacteriological research of dental chamfer in 30 children of secondary school age with gingivitis of slight and severe level. Inoculations have been done on the chocolate agar incubated in air-locked containers with gas generators for anaerobic atmosphere "GENbag Anaer" and inoculations on bloody gemagar--with gas generators for microaerophiles "GENbag Microaer" (bioMerieux) within 24-48 hours. Infections were precipitated out on the Saburo medium. Identification of discharged cultures was carried out on the microbialogic evaluator "Vitek II Compact" (bioMerieux). RESULTS: Microflora of dental chamfer in the examined children has been presented by three groups of microorganisms: gram-positive cocci (63.3%), gram-negative nonfermentative bacteriums (63.3%) and yeast Candida fungus (30%). Among gram-postitive cocci representatives of normal microflora of oral cavity Streptococcus oralis (26.6%) were dominated. Neisseria (N. sicca, cinerea et animaloris) were dominated most often in the group of gram-negative nonfermentative bacteriums (23.3% of children), yeast Candida fungus have been presented by two kinds--C. dubliensis (at 20% of children) and C. albicans (at 10%). The mean content of all discharged microorganisms has compounded 5,7 Ig KOE that supposes their etiology role in development of marginal gum inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: Received results showed us some mechanisms of development of inflammatory diseases of parodontium tissues which will allow us to develop new approaches of treatment and gingivitis prevention among children of school age.

Genetic-biochemical criteria for individual sensitivity in development of occupational bronchopulmonary diseases.

Human individual sensitivity to health-hazardous occupational factors and probability of developing chronic lung diseases depend on genetic variation of serum and erythrocytic proteins. The present work was aimed at studying the phenotypes of serum and erythrocytic proteins in patients with occupational respiratory diseases. We studied 7 highly polymorphic genetic systems the varieties of which may be connected with development of bronchopulmonary pathology (BPP) and the immune status of the body: proteinase inhibitor (Pi), third component of the complement (C3), transferrin (Tf), group-specific component of blood serum (Gc), haptoglobin (Hp), erythrocytic glyoxalase (Glo) and phosphoglucomutase (PGM) in patients with chronic bronchitis, silicosis, occupational bronchial asthma and in the control group consisting of Moscow population not exposed to occupational hazards and apparently healthy workers of an engineering plant. Considerable differences were revealed in genetic structure of the patients with bronchopulmonary pathology as compared with the apparently healthy people along a series of Integrated system: proteinase inhibitor (Pi), C3, Tf, Gc, PGM. Comparison of the study groups by significant differences in the aggregate of the genetic information obtained suggests that 5 (HP, C3, Tf, Pl, PGM1) of the 7 studied systems showed the hereditary features of silicosis. The gene carriers Hp*2, C3*F, PGM1*2-, TF*D, GC*R due to peculiar biochemical processes appear to have less adaptive potentialities and a greater likelihood of the disease on exposure to industrial factors. The examined patients with chronic bronchitis showed an increase in the variant of GC*2 and of a rare variants of proteins GC*R and Pi*S, the patients with occupational bronchial asthma showed an increase in the variant of Hp*2 and of a rare variant Pi*S. Such studies could be useful for assessment and forecast of individual risk of occupational diseases.

[Genetic aspects of silicosis: polymorphic gene distribution frequency]. / Geneticheskie aspekty silikoza: osobennosti raspredeleniia chastot polimorfnykh genov.

Electrophoresis and isoelectrofocusing were used to study polymorphism by 7 genetic loci: haptoglobin (Hp), proteinase inhibitor (PI), transferrin (TF), Vitamin D-transporting protein (GC), complement 3 (C3), phosphoglucomutase 1 (PGM1) and glyoxalase (GLO1) in 60 patients with silicosis and in 70 apparently healthy workers of the Dynamo plant. Comparison of the study groups by significant differences in the summary of the genetic information obtained suggests that 5 (Hp, C3, TF, PI, PGM1) of the 7 studied systems showed the hereditary features of silicosis. The gene carriers Hp*2, C3*F, PGM1*2-, PI*M1, TF*C1, TF*C16 TF*D, GC*R due to peculiar biochemical processes appear to have less adaptive potentialities and a greater likelihood of the disease on exposure to industrial factors.

[Lesions of the nervous system in drug-induced illnesses]. / Porazheniia nervnoi sistemy pri lekarstvennoi bolezni.

The nervous system was involved in 7.9% (55 patients) of all cases of drug disease observed by the authors. A variety of syndromes occurred reflecting both functional and organic disorders of the nervous system with an underlying toxico-allergic genesis. The cellular immunological tests made it possible to establish that the most frequent causes of drug disease were tetracycline, streptomycin, penicillin, as well as sulfadimesine and vitamin B1.

[Clinical aspects of occupational pathology caused by noise and vibration]. / Klinicheskie aspekty professional'noi patologii ot vozdeistviia shuma i vibratsii.

The paper is concerned with the results of many year-old clinical studies on workers of vibration-risk and "noisy" professions. The authors consider occupational and biomedical risk factors contributing to the development of vibratory disorders and noisy cochlear neuritis, the main clinical syndromes of this occupational pathology, modern methods of their preclinical and early clinical diagnosis. The basic principles of differentiated follow-up and combined prevention as well as problems of therapy, medical labor examination and rehabilitation of patients with vibratory disease and occupational cochlear neuritis are described.

[Contemporary variants of occupational diseases]. / Sovremennye formy professional'nykh zabolevanii.

Contemporary forms of occupational diseases are often characterized by many body systems involved, with response of specific and nonspecific effects. Due to observed transformation in character and course of the main occupational entities, specifying the new clinical classifications, new "List of Occupational Diseases" adapted to ICD-10, by specialists remains topical.

[Human biochemical profile: theoretic and practical aspects of studies and evaluation in occupational medicine]. / Biokhimicheskii profil' organizma: teoreticheskie i prakticheskie aspekty i otsenki v meditsine truda.

Biochemical reactions demonstrate not only common principles and characteristics, but also individual features that form "biochemical profile" providing both adaptive adjustability and unique responses in various individuals. Putting the advances of clinical biochemistry and molecular biology into practice expands approaches to study of occupational diseases.

[Role of neurologic sciences in occupational medicine]. / Rol neironauk v meditsine truda.

The article presents possible neural disorders caused by occupational hazards and shows mechanisms underlying those disorders. The authors define topical problems of basic science related to occupational neurology, which require further studies with neurochemical, immunologic, neurophysiologic methods and comparison.

[Osteoarticular function in lift truck operators]. / Sostoianie kostno-sustavnogo apparata u voditelei avtopogruzchikov.

Loader machine operators in Volzhskii Automobile Works, who suffer from cervical osteochondrosis, were subjected to X-ray screening with special applied methods. The screening revealed various compensatory and dystrophic changes involving locomotion apparatus of hands and cervical part of spine. The studied occupational factors proved to enhance the locomotion disorders in the examinees.

[Organizational and structural principles of the construction of territorial centers of occupational prophylaxis]. / Organizatsionno-strukturnye printsipy postroeniia territorial'nykh tsentrov profpatologii.

In organization-normative period of Russian occupational pathology service establishing expediently to foresee some different levels for territorial occupational pathology institutions with corresponding differentiation for three category. The appointing a category to the occupational pathology centre must be in competence of accreditive-licencive commission, which follows "On system of medical practice licencing in the part concerning occupational pathology".

[Influence of neuroendocrine complexes on metabolic processes under exposure to emotional stress factors]. / Vliianie neiroéndokrinnykh kompleksov na metabolicheskie protsessy pri vozdeistvii émotsional'nykh stress-faktorov.

One of the mechanisms underlying cardiac disease caused by stress is disorder of lipid metabolism, resulting from excessive increase of adaptive lipotropic effect of stress reaction.

[Biologic monitoring of the health status of workers exposed to lead]. / K voprosu o biologicheskom monitoringe sostoianiia zdorov'ia rabotaiushchikh v kontakte so svintsom.

Use of biologic monitoring for workers exposed to lead is the most efficient means preventing lead intoxication all over the world. Considering WHO recommendations and personal research, the authors specified national system of biologic monitoring for workers exposed to lead. The system covers mandatory control of serum and urinary lead levels. The authors based biologic MAC for lead in serum-50 mg/dl (males) and 30 mg/dl (females).

[Occupational factors and reproductive disorders]. / Faktory proizvodstvennoi sredy i patologiia reproduktsii.

The article covers literary data and observations concerning influence of occupational factors and working environment on workers' reproductive health. The authors stress common ground of pathogenetic mechanisms underlying pathomorphosis of reproductive disorders and other symptoms caused by occupational exposure. The materials emphasize importance of reproductivity studies in workers exposed to occupational hazards, as reproductive disorders are early and gentle signs of inner imbalance.

[Psychophysiologic tests for early diagnosis of central nervous system's chronic exposure to organic solvents]. / Psikhofiziologicheskoe testirovanie pri rannei diagnostike khronicheskogo deistviia organicheskikh rastvoritelei na tsentral'nuiu nervnuiu sistemu.

The authors studied value of laboratory CNS tests in early diagnosis of chronic exposure to organic solvents. The tests include quantitative and qualitative evaluation of personal profile, higher psychic functions and bioelectric activity of brain. Findings are objective parameters of early CNS response to solvents--EEG signs characteristic for hypothalamic irritation, moderate diffuse increase in MMPI personal profile with secondary neurotic type and marked disorder of attention that is considerably influenced by nonspecific activating system of brain.

[The problem of genetic-biochemical basis of individual sensitivity in occupational medicine]. / Problema genetiko-biokhimicheskikh osnov individual'noi chuvstvitel'nosti v meditsine truda.

Human sensitivity to various factors of occupational environment (toxic chemicals, aerosols with mostly fibrogenic effects, etc.) depends on individual hereditary features determining adaptation or dysadaptation with subsequent disease. Studies of propensity and resistance in individuals exposed to occupational hazards should cover analysis of genetic basis for polymorphism in certain biochemical systems determining relationships between hazards detoxication and activation, DNA alteration and repair.

[Bases of the integral indicator in the determination of the category of work intensity]. / Obosnovanie integral'nogo pokazatelia dlia opredeleniia kategorii napriazhennosti truda.

Physiologic and clinical examination of mental workers (19 occupational groups) helped to justify and calculate integral parameter evaluating the work intensity, to determine 6 categories of work intensity. Physiologic and clinical data prove that higher integral parameter of work intensity (category of work intensity) correlates with higher degree of strain at work and higher share of the diseased individuals. The results help to improve classification of hygienic criteria for evaluation of work conditions, in particular the work intensity.

[Occupational diseases of sensorimotor system in builders]. / Professional'nye zabolevaniia sensomotornoi sistemy u stroitelei.

The study covered influence of occupational factors on health state in 2 groups of workers engaged into facing (59 plasterers and 74 house painters) and matched in age, sex and length of service. Work of plasterers and house painters appeared to encounter risk of occupational sensomotor system disorders specified not only by type and hardness, but also prevalent direction of local muscular load.

[Development of peripheral neurovascular disorders in miners exposed to cool microclimate]. / Osobennosti formirovaniia perifericheskikh neirososudistykh narushenii u prokhodchikov v usloviiakh okhlazhdaiushchego mikroklimata.

Complete clinical and physiologic examination of 415 tunnelers exposed to intensive vibration in cooling microclimate proved that extreme functioning of thermoregulation results in shorter development, quicker progression of vibration disease and abortive types of the disease. The data obtained were helpful to base treatments and prophylaxis including special clothes, appropriate therapy.

[Effect of work conditions on the development of vertebral neurologic disorders]. / Vliianie faktorov truda na razvitie vertebronevrologicheskikh narushenii.

Clinical and hygienic studies covered agricultural machine operators, bulldozer operators, truck drivers, excavator and boring machine operators, display terminal controllers, electronic miniature device assemblers. The studies proved that occupational hazards (general vibration, sitting posture) result in formation of vertebral neurologic disorders in the examinees. The localization and clinical manifestations appeared to depend on intensity and site of the acting hazard.

[Effects of occupational mental strain on etiology of neuroses in operators]. / Vliianie nervno-napriazhennogo truda na razvitie nevroticheskikh rasstroistv u operatorov.

Complex clinical and physiologic examination covered operators facing changeable psychoemotional strain at work. The degree of psychoemotional strain appeared to have strong correlation with the diagnosed neurosis rate. The examination revealed main clinical syndrome in the neuroses and proved a distinct trend that prolonged forms of the condition were prevalent in the groups engaged into more emotionally burdensome work. The data obtained require further investigation to elaborate optimum measures for prophylaxis and treatment of the diseases diagnosed.