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1.
Int Ophthalmol ; 34(3): 707-21, 2014 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24081913

ABSTRACT

Endophthalmitis caused by fungi is commonly diagnosed around the world in apparently healthy and immunocompromised individuals. An accurate clinical diagnosis for endophthalmitis confirmed by laboratory techniques is essential for early treatment with antifungal drugs, such as amphotericin B, imidazoles, and other antifungals. Here, we review endophthalmitis caused by fungi according to its classification into endogenous fungal endophthalmitis (EFE) and exogenous fungal endophthalmitis (EXFE). EFE is caused by endogenously acquired fungi, whereas the traumatic implantation of opportunistic fungal pathogens is the main feature of EXFE. We highlight the most important etiologies causing endophthalmitis and the steps required for a rapid diagnosis and management.


Subject(s)
Endophthalmitis/microbiology , Eye Infections, Fungal/microbiology , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Disease Management , Endophthalmitis/diagnosis , Endophthalmitis/therapy , Eye Infections, Fungal/diagnosis , Eye Infections, Fungal/therapy , Humans
2.
Dental Press J Orthod ; 29(3): e2423261, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38985076

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Mandibular advancement surgery corrects bone bases while establishing patients' functional and aesthetic rehabilitation. However, little is known about the results of this procedure in the structures that make up the stomatognathic system, as the condyles. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the structural and positional changes of mandibular condyles in ortho-surgical patients who underwent mandibular advancement surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective investigation was conducted with cone-beam computed tomography images. Using Dolphin Imaging® software, seven ortho-surgical patients with Angle Class II malocclusion and mandibular deficiency were evaluated. The images assessed were obtained at pre-surgical phase and after, at least, 1 year of the procedure. To study the structural and positional changes of condyles, linear and angular measurements were obtained, and the right and left sides of patients were compared. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed and, in order to verify possible significant differences, normality tests (Kolmogorov-Smirnov) were applied, followed by a paired t-test to define significance. RESULTS: For all measures evaluated in this study, no statistically significant differences were found. CONCLUSION: The ortho-surgical procedure performed did not change the structure and position of the condyles of patients who underwent surgical mandibular advancement. Right and left mandibular condyles behaved similarly, suggesting stability and condylar adaptation after surgery.


Subject(s)
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography , Malocclusion, Angle Class II , Mandibular Advancement , Mandibular Condyle , Humans , Mandibular Advancement/methods , Mandibular Condyle/surgery , Mandibular Condyle/diagnostic imaging , Malocclusion, Angle Class II/surgery , Malocclusion, Angle Class II/diagnostic imaging , Prospective Studies , Female , Male , Adult , Mandible/surgery , Mandible/diagnostic imaging , Adolescent , Young Adult , Cephalometry
3.
Fungal Biol ; 126(5): 366-374, 2022 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35501032

ABSTRACT

Early phylogenetic analysis of Pythium insidiosum, the etiologic agent of pythiosis in mammals, showed the presence of a complex comprising three monophyletic clusters. Two included isolates recovered from cases of pythiosis in the Americas (Cluster I) and Asia (Cluster II), whereas the third cluster included four diverged isolates three from humans in Thailand and the USA, and one isolate from a USA spectacled bear (Cluster III). Thereafter, several phylogenetic analyses confirmed the presence of at least three monophyletic clusters, with most isolates placed in clusters I and II. Recent phylogenetic analyses using isolates from environmental sources and from human cases in India, Spain, Thailand, and dogs in the USA, however, showed the presence of two monophyletic groups each holding two sub-clusters. These studies revealed that P. insidiosum possesses different phylogenetic patterns to that described by early investigators. In this study, phylogenetic, population genetic and protein MALDI-TOF analyses of the P. insidiosum isolates in our culture collection, as well as those available in the database, showed members in the proposed cluster III and IV are phylogenetically different from that in clusters I and II. Our analyses of the complex showed a novel group holding two sub-clusters the USA (Cluster III) and the other from different world regions (Cluster IV). The data showed the original P. insidiosum cluster III is a cryptic novel species, now identified as P. periculosum. The finding of a novel species within P. insidiosum complex has direct implications in the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of pythiosis in mammalian hosts.


Subject(s)
Pythiosis , Pythium , Animals , DNA, Ribosomal Spacer/genetics , Dogs , Mammals/genetics , Phylogeny , Pythiosis/diagnosis , Pythium/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Thailand , United States
4.
Revista Naval de Odontologia ; 51(1): 47-54, 2024.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1568267

ABSTRACT

Os dispositivos de ancoragem temporária ou mini-implantes adquirem cada vez mais relevância no manejo clínico dos tratamentos ortodônticos. Entretanto, apesar dos resultados clínicos expressivos obtidos, algumas intercorrências podem acometer a ancoragem no decorrer do tratamento. Os insucessos podem estar associados a fatores relacionados ao profissional, ao paciente ou ao próprio parafuso. Outrossim, existem fatores que podem contribuir para o sucesso clínico na utilização destes dispositivos, como a seleção apropriada do comprimento do mini-implante, a escolha de áreas adequadas para inserção do dispositivo, além de conhecimentos acerca da densidade óssea, de forma a contribuir para a estabilidade primária, a prática de bons hábitos de higiene bucal ou ainda a utilização de dispositivos autoperfurantes. Assim, o presente estudo propôs-se a revisar a literatura científica disponível acerca de mini-implantes com artigos científicos selecionados utilizando as bases de dados PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, BVS, Opengrey, Google Scholar e Catálogo de teses e dissertações. Após aplicados os critérios de seleção, 32 artigos foram selecionados para compor este trabalho. Conclui-se que a utilização dos mini-implantes mantém o controle ideal da ancoragem, de modo a evitar movimentações dentárias indesejáveis, sendo inegável o sucesso clínico dos dispositivos de ancoragem temporária na Ortodontia. Entretanto, é comprovado que complicações cuja etiologia pode variar entre profissional, paciente ou o próprio parafuso são capazes de acometer a ancoragem no decorrer do tratamento ortodôntico, de modo a implicar falhas e insucesso dos miniparafusos.

5.
Dental press j. orthod. (Impr.) ; 29(3): e2423261, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BBO - dentistry (Brazil) | ID: biblio-1564446

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: Mandibular advancement surgery corrects bone bases while establishing patients' functional and aesthetic rehabilitation. However, little is known about the results of this procedure in the structures that make up the stomatognathic system, as the condyles. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the structural and positional changes of mandibular condyles in ortho-surgical patients who underwent mandibular advancement surgery. Material and Methods: A prospective investigation was conducted with cone-beam computed tomography images. Using Dolphin Imaging® software, seven ortho-surgical patients with Angle Class II malocclusion and mandibular deficiency were evaluated. The images assessed were obtained at pre-surgical phase and after, at least, 1 year of the procedure. To study the structural and positional changes of condyles, linear and angular measurements were obtained, and the right and left sides of patients were compared. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed and, in order to verify possible significant differences, normality tests (Kolmogorov-Smirnov) were applied, followed by a paired t-test to define significance. Results: For all measures evaluated in this study, no statistically significant differences were found. Conclusion: The ortho-surgical procedure performed did not change the structure and position of the condyles of patients who underwent surgical mandibular advancement. Right and left mandibular condyles behaved similarly, suggesting stability and condylar adaptation after surgery.


RESUMO Introdução: A cirurgia de avanço mandibular corrige as bases ósseas e estabelece a reabilitação funcional e estética dos pacientes. Entretanto, pouco se sabe sobre os resultados desse procedimento nas estruturas que compõem o sistema estomatognático, como os côndilos. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as alterações estruturais e posicionais dos côndilos mandibulares em pacientes ortodôntico-cirúrgicos submetidos à cirurgia de avanço mandibular. Material e Métodos: Foi realizada investigação prospectiva com imagens de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico. Utilizando o software Dolphin Imaging®, foram avaliados sete pacientes ortodôntico-cirúrgicos com má oclusão Classe II de Angle e deficiência mandibular. Foram avaliadas imagens da fase pré-cirúrgica e de, no mínimo, um ano após o procedimento. Para estudar as alterações estruturais e posicionais dos côndilos, foram obtidas medidas lineares e angulares e comparados os lados direito e esquerdo dos pacientes. Foi realizada análise estatística descritiva e, para verificar possíveis diferenças significativas, foram aplicados testes de normalidade (Kolmogorov-Smirnov), seguido de teste t pareado, para definição de significância. Resultados: Para nenhuma das medidas avaliadas nesse estudo foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas. Conclusão: O procedimento ortodôntico-cirúrgico realizado não alterou a estrutura e a posição dos côndilos dos pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de avanço mandibular. Os côndilos mandibulares direito e esquerdo comportaram-se de forma semelhante, sugerindo estabilidade e adaptação condilar após a cirurgia.

6.
Revista Naval de Odontologia ; 48(2): 70-79, 20211020.
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1519254

ABSTRACT

Com intuito de pontuar os paralelos entre as técnicas ortodônticas com aparelhagem fixa e alinhadores transparentes, este estudo propôs revisar a literatura científica sobre alinhadores ortodônticos removíveis versus aparelhos ortodônticos fixos. Foram selecionados artigos de 2005 a 2021, utilizando as bases de dados PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Clinical Trials e Opengrey. Os artigos abordavam temáticas como sensação dolorosa, saúde periodontal, higiene, microbiota, reabsorção radicular, qualidade de vida e efetividade do tratamento. Os alinhadores apresentaram maior aceitabilidade pelos pacientes e vantagens claras em relação à dor, higiene, qualidade de vida, reabsorção radicular e saúde periodontal, sendo inferior aos aparelhos ortodônticos fixos na efetividade do tratamento e na interferência na fala.


In order to point out the parallels between orthodontic techniques with fixed appliances and transparent aligners, this study proposed to review the scientific literature on removable orthodontic aligners versus fixed orthodontic appliances. Articles from 2005 to 2021 were selected, using the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Clinical Trials and OpenGrey databases. The articles addressed issues such as pain, periodontal health, hygiene, microbiota, root resorption, quality of life and treatment effectiveness. Aligners showed greater acceptability by patients and clear advantages in relation to pain, hygiene, quality of life, root resorption and periodontal health, being inferior to fixed orthodontic appliances in terms of effectiveness and speech capacity.

7.
Rev. ABENO ; 21(1): 1042, dez. 2021.
Article in Portuguese | BBO - dentistry (Brazil) | ID: biblio-1371839

ABSTRACT

A extensão universitária permite que a universidade se aproximeda sociedade e que a troca de saberes possa permear a construção do conhecimento técnico-científico. O objetivo deste artigoé descrever a experiência do desenvolvimento de ações de promoção de saúde geral e bucal, desenvolvidas em um projeto de extensão da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Desta forma, atividades lúdicas foram selecionadas como meios didáticos e aplicados em escolares (08 a 13 anos)da Escola Municipal Henfil, CIEP HENFIL -RJ. Os temas em saúde foram selecionados de acordo com a realidade dos escolares e envolveram os órgãos dos sentidos criando a Dinâmica dos sentidos e a Dinâmica do Autocuidado. A equipe executora foi formada por docentes, técnicos administrativos e discentes de graduação. Participaram ativamente das ações 150 crianças que demonstraram interesse e curiosidade. Ademais, os escolares criaram vínculos com os discentes de graduação, relações de cumplicidade, se sentindo seguros para compartilhar seus anseios e inseguranças quanto aos assuntos abordados.O presente trabalho destaca o processo de construção da ideia, delineamento das atividades, aquisição do material, capacitação para execução e aborda a aplicação das dinâmicas, as experiências e principais resultados (AU).


The university extension allows the university to approach society,and the resulting exchange of information can encourage the construction of technicaland scientific knowledge. The aim of this article is to describe the experience of the development of general and oral health promotion actions, developed in an extension project of the School of Dentistry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Playful activities were selected as didactic means and applied to schoolchildren (aged 8 to 13) at HenfilMunicipal School, CIEP HENFIL -RJ. Health topics were selected according to schoolchildrens' needs and involved dynamics of the senses and dynamics of self-care. The executing team was formed of professors, administrative technicians,and undergraduate students. Participants included 150 children who showed interest and curiosity in the activities.In addition, the participants formed bonds with undergraduate students, which facilitated collaborative relationshipsin which studentsfeltsafe to share their anxieties and insecurities regarding the issues addressedin the activities.The present work highlights the process of constructing ideas, designing activities, acquiring materials, executing the study,and the application of dynamics, experiences,and main results (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , School Health Services , Oral Health/education , Health Education/methods , Community-Institutional Relations , Health Promotion/methods , Play and Playthings , Students, Dental , Faculty, Dental
8.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2020. 85 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | BBO - dentistry (Brazil) | ID: biblio-1223022

ABSTRACT

A maloclusão Classe III apresenta diversidade fenotípica que se expressa por retrusão esquelética da maxila, protrusão esquelética da mandíbula ou combinação de ambas. A literatura evidencia que a maxila apresenta alteração, em 49,6% dos casos da maloclusão Classe III. Objetiva-se investigar e reconhecer características fenotípicas da maxila nesta maloclusão, utilizadandose duas casuísticas: a primeira, integrada por 195 indivíduos, oriundos de 8 famílias, com alta prevalência das características craniofaciais da Classe III, (86 afetados e 109 não afetados). A segunda, constituída por 47 indivíduos, sendo 28 com maloclusão Classe III de Angle e 19 com maloclusão Classe I. Os projetos foram submetidos e aprovados no Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa junto ao Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho. O mesmo operador (L.T.V) realizou a análise de todas as radiografias e tomografias. Medidas lineares e angulares foram avaliadas, para identificar as dimensões da maxila. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente: na amostra 2D por Shapiro-Wilk, após comprovada distribuição não normal, o teste selecionado foi teste de Mann-Whitney para comparação intergrupos e entre gêneros. Enquanto a amostra 3D foi submetida ao teste Kolmogorov-Smirnov e mediante a distribuição normal dos dados foi realizado teste t e Correlação de Pearson. Os resultados evidenciaram significante envolvimento na anatomia dos processos alveolares, mostrando-se distintos entre indivíduos Classe III e Classe I, quanto à altura, largura e espessura, assim como alteração do fenótipo nos indivíduos afetados em comparação aos não afetados, em algumas dimensões das estruturas e na localização espacial, com ênfase na deficiência anteroposterior maxilar. Concluiuse que existem variações anatômicas em diferentes partes da maxila, entre os grupos, entretanto a localização espacial da mesma, no sentido anteroposterior, foi determinante na configuração fenotípica da maloclusão Classe III esquelética. (AU)


Class III malocclusion presents phenotypic diversity that is expressed by skeletal retrusion of the maxilla, skeletal protrusion of the mandible or a combination of both. The literature shows that the maxilla presents some kind of alterations, in 49.6% of Class III malocclusion cases. The aim of this study was to recognize phenotypic characteristics of the maxilla in subjects with Class III expression, two samples were used: the first, comprising 195 subjects, from 8 families, with high prevalence of the Class III craniofacial characteristics (86 affected and 109 unaffected). The second, consisting of 47 subjects, 19 with Class I malocclusion and 28 with Angle Class III malocclusion. This study was approved by Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa in Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho. The same operator (L.T.V) performed the analysis of all radiographs and conebeam computed tomography. Linear and angular measurements were evaluated to identify the dimensions of the maxilla. The results were analyzed statistically: in the 2D sample, Shapiro-Wilk and Kolmogorov-Smirnov, after proven non-normal distribution the selected test was the Mann-Whitney test for intergroup and gender comparison. While a 3D sample was submitted to Shapiro-Wilk and KolmogorovSmirnov, provided the normal data distribution, the t test and Pearson's correlation were performed. The results showed a significant involvement in the anatomy of the alveolar processes, showing a difference between Class III and Class I individuals, as for height, width and thickness, as well as alteration of the phenotype in the affected individuals compared to the unaffected ones, in some dimensions of the structures and in the spatial location, with emphasis on the anteroposterior deficiency. It was concluded that there are anatomical variations in different parts of the maxilla, between the groups, however its spatial location, in the anteroposterior direction, characterized the phenotypic configuration of skeletal Class III malocclusion. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Phenotype , Anatomic Variation , Malocclusion, Angle Class III/genetics , Maxilla/diagnostic imaging , Family , Malocclusion, Angle Class I/genetics , Maxilla/anatomy & histology
9.
Mycopathologia ; 163(4): 203-5, 2007 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17390235

ABSTRACT

A 33 year-old HIV-positive Brazilian female patient was diagnosed with a cutaneous inflammatory reaction on her left forearm. The lesion spread rapidly affecting most of her forearm. The clinical diagnosis of tinea corporis (ringworm) was confirmed by wet mount preparations on 20% KOH and by the isolation of Trichophyton rubrum on pure cultures. Treatment with Fluconazole for a period of four weeks successfully cured the infection.


Subject(s)
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/immunology , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Fluconazole/therapeutic use , Inflammation/immunology , Tinea , Trichophyton/immunology , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/microbiology , Adult , Female , HIV Infections/complications , Humans , Immunocompromised Host , Inflammation/microbiology , Tinea/drug therapy , Tinea/immunology , Tinea/microbiology , Tinea/physiopathology , Treatment Outcome , Trichophyton/classification , Trichophyton/pathogenicity
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