Dominance complementation of parental heading date alleles of Hd1, Ghd7, DTH8, and PRR37 confers transgressive late maturation in hybrid rice.

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a short-day plant whose heading date is largely determined by photoperiod sensitivity (PS). Many parental lines used in hybrid rice breeding have weak PS, but their F1 progenies have strong PS and exhibit an undesirable transgressive late-maturing phenotype. However, the genetic basis for this phenomenon is unclear. Therefore, effective methods are needed for selecting parents to create F1 hybrid varieties with the desired PS. In this study, we used bulked segregant analysis with F1 Ningyou 1179 (strong PS) and its F2 population, and through analyzing both parental haplotypes and PS data for 918 hybrid rice varieties, to identify the genetic basis of transgressive late maturation which is dependent on dominance complementation effects of Hd1, Ghd7, DTH8, and PRR37 from both parents rather than from a single parental genotype. We designed a molecular marker-assisted selection system to identify the genotypes of Hd1, Ghd7, DTH8, and PRR37 in parental lines to predict PS in F1 plants prior to crossing. Furthermore, we used CRISPR/Cas9 technique to knock out Hd1 in Ning A (sterile line) and Ning B (maintainer line) and obtained an hd1-NY material with weak PS while retaining the elite agronomic traits of NY. Our findings clarified the genetic basis of transgressive late maturation in hybrid rice and developed effective methods for parental selection and gene editing to facilitate the breeding of hybrid varieties with the desired PS for improving their adaptability.

New Insight into Bulk Structural Degradation of High-Voltage LiCoO2 at 4.55 V.

The aggravated mechanical and structural degradation of layered oxide cathode materials upon high-voltage charging invariably causes fast capacity fading, but the underlying degradation mechanisms remain elusive. Here we report a new type of mechanical degradation through the formation of a kink band in a Mg and Ti co-doped LiCoO2 cathode charged to 4.55 V (vs Li/Li+). The local stress accommodated by the kink band can impede crack propagation, improving the structural integrity in a highly delithiated state. Additionally, machine-learning-aided atomic-resolution imaging reveals that the formation of kink bands is often accompanied by the transformation from the O3 to O1 phase, which is energetically favorable as demonstrated by first-principles calculations. Our results provide new insights into the mechanical degradation mechanism of high-voltage LiCoO2 and the coupling between electrochemically triggered mechanical failures and structural transition, which may provide valuable guidance for enhancing the electrochemical performance of high-voltage layered oxide cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries.

Self-Limiting Phase Transition Enabling Reversible Overstoichiometric Li Storage in Ni-Rich Cathodes.

Ni-rich cathodes are some of the most promising candidates for advanced lithium-ion batteries, but their available capacities have been stagnant due to the intrinsic Li+ storage sites. Extending the voltage window down can induce the phase transition from O3 to 1T of LiNiO2-derived cathodes to accommodate excess Li+ and dramatically increase the capacity. By setting the discharge cutoff voltage of LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 to 1.4 V, we can reach an extremely high capacity of 393 mAh g-1 and an energy density of 1070 Wh kg-1 here. However, the phase transition causes fast capacity decay and related structural evolution is rarely understood, hindering the utilization of this feature. We find that the overlithiated phase transition is self-limiting, which will transform into solid-solution reaction with cycling and make the cathode degradation slow down. This is attributed to the migration of abundant transition metal ions into lithium layers induced by the overlithiation, allowing the intercalation of overstoichiometric Li+ into the crystal without the O3 framework change. Based on this, the wide-potential cycling stability is further improved via a facile charge-discharge protocol. This work provides deep insight into the overstoichiometric Li+ storage behaviors in conventional layered cathodes and opens a new avenue toward high-energy batteries.

Multi-parametric MRI-based machine learning model for prediction of WHO grading in patients with meningiomas.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a nomogram combined multiparametric MRI and clinical indicators for identifying the WHO grade of meningioma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five hundred and sixty-eight patients were included in this study, who were diagnosed pathologically as having meningiomas. Firstly, radiomics features were extracted from CE-T1, T2, and 1-cm-thick tumor-to-brain interface (BTI) images. Then, difference analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator were orderly used to select the most representative features. Next, the support vector machine algorithm was conducted to predict the WHO grade of meningioma. Furthermore, a nomogram incorporated radiomics features and valuable clinical indicators was constructed by logistic regression. The performance of the nomogram was assessed by calibration and clinical effectiveness, as well as internal validation. RESULTS: Peritumoral edema volume and gender are independent risk factors for predicting meningioma grade. The multiparametric MRI features incorporating CE-T1, T2, and BTI features showed the higher performance for prediction of meningioma grade with a pooled AUC = 0.885 (95% CI, 0.821-0.946) and 0.860 (95% CI, 0.788-0.923) in the training and test groups, respectively. Then, a nomogram with a pooled AUC = 0.912 (95% CI, 0.876-0.961), combined radiomics score, peritumoral edema volume, and gender improved diagnostic performance compared to radiomics model or clinical model and showed good calibration as the true results. Moreover, decision curve analysis demonstrated satisfactory clinical effectiveness of the proposed nomogram. CONCLUSIONS: A novel nomogram is simple yet effective in differentiating WHO grades of meningioma and thus can be used in patients with meningiomas. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: We proposed a nomogram that included clinical indicators and multi-parameter radiomics features, which can accurately, objectively, and non-invasively differentiate WHO grading of meningioma and thus can be used in clinical work. KEY POINTS: • The study combined radiomics features and clinical indicators for objectively predicting the meningioma grade. • The model with CE-T1 + T2 + brain-to-tumor interface features demonstrated the best predictive performance by investigating seven different radiomics models. • The nomogram potentially has clinical applications in distinguishing high-grade and low-grade meningiomas.

Screening of liothyronine network pharmacology role in the treatment of ischemic stroke and molecular mechanism.

OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to elucidate mechanisms of liothyronine on the treatment of ischemic stroke (IS). METHODS: Differential analysis based on R limma package was used to identify differentially expressed genes, which were then mapped into the connectivity map database for identification of liothyronine associated with IS. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway was verified through pathway enrichment analysis via Enrichr online. Ischemia stroke mouse model was built up for further analysis. Infarct area and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) were measured by 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride and laser Doppler flowmetry, respectively. Light microscope was used for the evaluation of body weight and dark neurons. Serum TXB2 , 6-Keto-PGF1a , TNF-α, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in mice were measured using enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay. In addition, relative protein expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nestin, and Sox2 were detected by Western blot analysis. RESULTS: Liothyronine with a negative connectivity was identified as one promising treatment for IS through TNF signaling pathway. The experimental results showed that liothyronine treatment significantly meliorated infarct area and the number of dark neurons in IS mice. Liothyronine greatly ameliorated the expression levels of TXB2 and 6-Keto-PGF1a . Besides, rCBF and body weight change of IS mice were increased gradually with increase of drug concentration. Based on pathway enrichment analysis, anti-inflammatory response (TNF-α and IL-6) relevant to TNF signaling pathway was identified, which was further validated in vitro. Furthermore, proteins as neural stem cell markers made a difference with liothyronine treatment. CONCLUSION: Liothyronine may be a novel therapeutic component to exploit an effective medicine for the treatment of IS.

Stabilizing Diluted Active Sites of Ultrasmall High-Entropy Intermetallics for Efficient Formic Acid Electrooxidation.

The poisoning of undesired intermediates or impurities greatly hinders the catalytic performances of noble metal-based catalysts. Herein, high-entropy intermetallics i-(PtPdIrRu)2FeCu (HEI) are constructed to inhibit the strongly adsorbed carbon monoxide intermediates (CO*) during the formic acid oxidation reaction. As probed by multiple-scaled structural characterizations, HEI nanoparticles are featured with partially negative Pt oxidation states, diluted Pt/Pd/Ir/Ru atomic sites and ultrasmall average size less than 2 nm. Benefiting from the optimized structures, HEI nanoparticles deliver more than 10 times promotion in intrinsic activity than that of pure Pt, and well-enhanced mass activity/durability than that of ternary i-Pt2FeCu intermetallics counterpart. In situ infrared spectroscopy manifests that both bridge and top CO* are favored on pure Pt but limited on HEI. Further theoretical elaboration indicates that HEI displayed a much weaker binding of CO* on Pt sites and sluggish diffusion of CO* among different sites, in contrast to pure Pt that CO* bound more strongly and was easy to diffuse on larger Pt atomic ensembles. This work verifies that HEIs are promising catalysts via integrating the merits of intermetallics and high-entropy alloys.

Improving Alkaline Hydrogen Oxidation through Dynamic Lattice Hydrogen Migration in Pd@Pt Core-Shell Electrocatalysts.

Tracking the trajectory of hydrogen intermediates during hydrogen electro-catalysis is beneficial for designing synergetic multi-component catalysts with division of chemical labor. Herein, we demonstrate a novel dynamic lattice hydrogen (LH) migration mechanism that leads to two orders of magnitude increase in the alkaline hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) activity on Pd@Pt over pure Pd, even ≈31.8 times mass activity enhancement than commercial Pt. Specifically, the polarization-driven electrochemical hydrogenation process from Pd@Pt to PdHx @Pt by incorporating LH allows more surface vacancy Pt sites to increase the surface H coverage. The inverse dehydrogenation process makes PdHx as an H reservoir, providing LH migrates to the surface of Pt and participates in the HOR. Meanwhile, the formation of PdHx induces electronic effect, lowering the energy barrier of rate-determining Volmer step, thus resulting in the HOR kinetics on Pd@Pt being proportional to the LH concentration in the in situ formed PdHx @Pt. Moreover, this dynamic catalysis mechanism would open up the catalysts scope for hydrogen electro-catalysis.

Pseudo-Pt Monolayer for Robust Hydrogen Oxidation.

Heteroepitaxial core-shell structure is conducive to combining the advantages of the epilayer and the substrate, creating a novel multifunctionality for catalysis application. Herein, we report a pseudomorphic-Pt atomic layer (PmPt) epitaxially growing on an IrPd-core matrix (PmPt@IrPd/C) as an efficient and stable catalyst for alkaline hydrogen oxidation reaction that exhibits ∼29.2 times more mass activity enhancement than that of benchmark Pt/C. The PmPt@IrPd/C catalyst also gives rise to ∼25.0 times more enhancement than Pt/C during a 50,000-cycle accelerated stability test. This robust stability originates from the resistance to carbon corrosion owing to the stronger H2O interaction instead of carbon oxide (COx) poison species, and the modulated hydroxyl (OH*) adsorption could inhibit the OH* species from shuffling the surface Pt atoms away from the substrate. Moreover, the anion-exchange membrane fuel cells assembled by PmPt@IrPd/C with an ultralow Pt loading of 0.009 mgPt cm-2 in the anode can deliver a power density of 1.27 W cm-2.

Molybdenum Atom Engineered Vanadium Disulfide for Boosted High-Capacity Li-Ion Storage.

A drawback with lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) lies in the unstable lithium storage which results in poor electrochemical performance. Therefore, it's of importance to improve the electrochemical functionality and Li-ion transport kinetics of electrode materials for high-performance lithium storage. Here, a subtle atom engineering via injecting molybdenum (Mo) atoms into vanadium disulfide (VS2 ) to boost high capacity Li-ion storage is reported. By combining operando, ex situ monitoring and theoretical simulation, it is confirmed that the 5.0%Mo atoms impart flower-like VS2 with expanded interplanar spacing, lowered Li-ion diffusion energy barrier, and increased Li-ion adsorption property, together with enhanced e- conductivity, to boost Li-ion migration. A "speculatively" optimized 5.0% Mo-VS2 cathode that exhibits a specific capacity of 260.8 mA h g-1 at 1.0 A g-1 together with a low decay of 0.009% per cycle over 500 cycles is demonstrated. It is shown that this value is ≈1.5 times compared with that for bare VS2 cathode. This investigation has substantiated the Mo atom doping can effectively guide the Li-ion storage and open new frontiers for exploiting high-performance transition metal dichalcogenides for LIBs.

EREG is the core onco-immunological biomarker of cuproptosis and mediates the cross-talk between VEGF and CD99 signaling in glioblastoma.

BACKGROUND: Glioma is the most prevalent primary tumor of the central nervous system. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant form of glioma with an extremely poor prognosis. A novel, regulated cell death form of copper-induced cell death called "cuproptosis" provides a new prospect for cancer treatment by regulating cuproptosis. METHODS: Data from bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis (The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas cohort) and single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) analysis were integrated to reveal their relationships. A scoring system was constructed according to the cuproptosis-related gene expression, and core genes were experimentally verified using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blot (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence (IF). Moreover, cell counting kit-8 (CCK8), colony formation, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation, transwell, and flow cytometry cell cycle were performed to evaluate cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. RESULTS: The Cuproptosis Activation Scoring (CuAS) Model has stable and independent prognostic efficacy, as verified by two CGGA datasets. Epiregulin (EREG), the gene of the model has the most contributions in the principal component analysis (PCA), is an onco-immunological gene that can affect immunity by influencing the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and mediate the process of cuproptosis by influencing the expression of ferredoxin 1 (FDX1). Single cell transcriptome analysis revealed that high CuAS GBM cells are found in vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) + malignant cells. Oligodendrocyte transcription factor 1 (OLIG1) + malignant is the original clone, and VEGF and CD99 are the differential pathways of specific cell communication between the high and low CuAS groups. This was also demonstrated by immunofluorescence in the tissue sections. Furthermore, CuAS has therapeutic potential for immunotherapy, and we predict that many drugs (methotrexate, NU7441, KU -0063794, GDC-0941, cabozantinib, and NVP-BEZ235) may be used in patients with high CuAS. CONCLUSION: EREG is the core onco-immunological biomarker of CuAS and modulates the cross-talk between VEGF and CD99 signaling in glioblastoma, and CuAS may provide support for immunotherapy and chemotherapy.

Effects of the core heading date genes Hd1, Ghd7, DTH8, and PRR37 on yield-related traits in rice.

KEY MESSAGE: We clarify the influence of the genotypes of the heading date genes Hd1, Ghd7, DTH8, and PRR37 and their combinations on yield-related traits and the functional differences between different haplotypes. Heading date is a key agronomic trait in rice (Oryza sativa L.) that determines yield and adaptability to different latitudes. Heading date 1 (Hd1), Grain number, plant height, and heading date 7 (Ghd7), Days to heading on chromosome 8 (DTH8), and PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR 37 (PRR37) are core rice genes controlling photoperiod sensitivity, and these genes have many haplotypes in rice cultivars. However, the effects of different haplotypes at these genes on yield-related traits in diverse rice materials remain poorly characterized. In this study, we knocked out Hd1, Ghd7, DTH8, or PRR37, alone or together, in indica and japonica varieties and systematically investigated the agronomic traits of each knockout line. Ghd7 and PRR37 increased the number of spikelets and improved yield, and this effect was enhanced with the Ghd7 DTH8 or Ghd7 PRR37 combination, but Hd1 negatively affected yield. We also identified a new weak functional Ghd7 allele containing a mutation that interferes with splicing. Furthermore, we determined that the promotion or inhibition of heading date by different PRR37 haplotypes is related to PRR37 expression levels, day length, and the genetic background. For rice breeding, a combination of functional alleles of Ghd7 and DTH8 or Ghd7 and PRR37 in the hd1 background can be used to increase yield. Our study clarifies the effects of heading date genes on yield-related traits and the functional differences among their different haplotypes, providing valuable information to identify and exploit elite haplotypes for heading date genes to breed high-yielding rice varieties.

Improving yield-related traits by editing the promoter of the heading date gene Ehd1 in rice.

KEY MESSAGE: We developed an efficient promoter editing method to create different weak Ehd1 alleles in elite japonica rice variety ZJ8 with slightly delayed heading and improved yield for use in breeding. Heading date is an important agronomic trait of rice (Oryza sativa) that determines the planting areas and cultivation seasons of different varieties, thus affecting final yield. Early heading date 1 (Ehd1) is a major rice integrator gene in the regulatory network of heading date whose expression level is negatively correlated with heading date and grain yield. Some elite japonica varieties such as Zhongjia 8 (ZJ8) show very early heading with poor agronomic traits when planted in South China. This problem can be addressed by downregulating the expression of Ehd1. In this study, we analyzed the cis-regulatory elements in the Ehd1 promoter region. We then used CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing to modify the Ehd1 promoter at multiple target sites in ZJ8. We rapidly identified homozygous allelic mutations in the T2 generation via long-read sequencing. We obtained several Ehd1 promoter mutants with different degrees of lower Ehd1 expression, delayed heading date, and improved yield-related traits. We developed an efficient promoter editing method to create different weak Ehd1 alleles for breeding selection. Using this method, a series of heading date materials from elite varieties can be created to expand the planting area of rice and improve grain yields.

Outcomes of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) for very large-sized benign prostatic hyperplasia (over 150 mL): open simple prostatectomy is dead.

INTRODUCTION: Our study aimed to describe the outcomes of transurethral enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) for large-sized benign prostatic hyperplasia over 150 mL (bBPH). METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, and analytical study of patients undergoing HoLEP for bBPH. The primary endpoint was the success of the procedure, defined by a mixed criteria: complete endoscopic enucleation of the prostate, absence of blood transfusion or reoperation for bleeding, post-operative improvement of quality of life (assessed by a ≥ 2 points increase at in the 8th question of the IPSS test) and post-operative continence (no pads use) at 3 months. RESULTS: Eighty-one patients were included with a mean age of 73.9 ± 7.3 and a mean measured prostate volume of 183.3 ± 34.5 cc. The mean operative time was 57.5 ± 29.7 min and the average wet weight of resected tissue removed was 151.8 ± 44.7 g. Mean hospitalization stay was 1.3 ± 0.7 days with a mean post-operative catheterization period of 1.9 ± 0.9 days. The success of the surgery was achieved in 77 patients (95%). Functional improvements were found at 1 and 6 months for Qmax, post-void residual, IPSS and QoL-IPSS. The 30-day complication rate was 9.9%. The average PSA level dropped from 14.8 ± 11.6 ng/mL at baseline to 0.8 ± 0.5 ng/mL at 6 months. CONCLUSION: HoLEP for bBPH is both safe and efficient. Regarding the benefit/risk balance, it should be highlighted as the gold standard for the management of big BPH.

A "safety cap" for improving hospital sanitation and reducing potential disease transmission.

BACKGROUND: During endotracheal intubation, extubation, tracheotomy, and tracheotomy tube replacement, the splashed airway secretions of patients will increase the risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and many other potential viral and bacterial diseases, such as influenza virus, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, Middle East respiratory coronavirus syndrome (MERS-CoV), Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a barrier between patients and medical workers to reduce the risk of operators' infection with potentially pathogenic microorganisms. METHODS: We designed a "safety cap" that can be connected to the opening of an endotracheal tube or tracheotomy tube to reduce the diffusion area of respiratory secretions during the process of endotracheal intubation, extubation and tracheotomy tube replace, so as to reduce the infection risk of medical workers. RESULTS: Through a series of hydrodynamic simulation analysis and experiments, we demonstrated that the use of "safety cap" can substantially limit the spatter of airway secretions, so as to improve the hospital sanitation. CONCLUSION: The "safety cap" can effectively limit the dissemination of patients' respiratory secretions, thus reducing the risk of potential diseases transmission and may have certain application prospects.

Transurethral columnar balloon dilation of the prostate combined with holmium laser incision for bladder neck contracture in day-surgery mode.

The study aimed to investigate the clinical effect of transurethral columnar balloon dilation of the prostate combined with holmium laser in the treatment of bladder neck contracture (BNC). This retrospective study included 41 patients with BNC, who had been treated with transurethral columnar balloon dilation and holmium laser in our hospital from June 2020 to June 2022. Admission, operation, and discharge of all the patients were completed in 24 h. The patients' satisfaction, postoperative complications, and chronic pain after operation were followed up. Clinical parameters, such as International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), quality of life (QoL), and post-void residual volume (PVR) in pre-operation, 1 month and 6 months after operation were recorded. All patients underwent the operations successfully. Six patients experienced urge incontinence and one patient experienced recurrence of BNC after 12 months. At 1 month and 6 months after the operation, IPSS, QoL, PVR, and Qmax of the patients were significantly better than those before the operation (P < 0.05). Transurethral columnar balloon dilation of the prostate combined with holmium laser can effectively treat BNC with simple performance and satisfactory clinical effects. It is a minimally invasive treatment that can be conducted by simple day surgery.

Chemical-Mechanical Robustness of Single-Crystalline Ni-Rich Cathode Enabled by Surface Atomic Arrangement Control.

Layered transition metal oxide cathodes have been one of the dominant cathodes for lithium-ion batteries with efficient Li+ intercalation chemistry. However, limited by the weak layered interaction and unstable surface, mechanical and chemical failure plagues their electrochemical performance, especially for Ni-rich cathodes. Here, adopting a simultaneous elemental-structural atomic arrangement control based on the intrinsic Ni-Co-Mn system, the surface role is intensively investigated. Within the invariant oxygen sublattice of the crystal, a robust surface with the synergistic concentration gradient and layered-spinel intertwined structure is constructed on the model single-crystalline Ni-rich cathode. With mechanical strain dissipation and chemical erosion suppression, the cathode exhibits an impressive capacity retention of 82 % even at the harsh 60 °C after 150 cycles at 1 C. This work highlights the coupling effect of structure and composition on the chemical-mechanical properties, and the concept will spur more researches on the cathodes that share the same sublattice.

Using High-Entropy Configuration Strategy to Design Na-Ion Layered Oxide Cathodes with Superior Electrochemical Performance and Thermal Stability.

Na-ion layered oxide cathodes (NaxTMO2, TM = transition metal ion(s)), as an analogue of lithium layered oxide cathodes (such as LiCoO2, LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2), have received growing attention with the development of Na-ion batteries. However, due to the larger Na+ radius and stronger Na+-Na+ electrostatic repulsion in NaO2 slabs, some undesired phase transitions are observed in NaxTMO2. Herein, we report a high-entropy configuration strategy for NaxTMO2 cathode materials, in which multicomponent TMO2 slabs with enlarged interlayer spacing help strengthen the whole skeleton structure of layered oxides through mitigating Jahn-Teller distortion, Na+/vacancy ordering, and lattice parameter changes. The strengthened skeleton structure with a modulated particle morphology dramatically improves the Na+ transport kinetics and suppresses intragranular fatigue cracks and TM dissolution, thus leading to highly improved performances. Furthermore, the elaborate high-entropy TMO2 slabs enhance the TM-O bonding energy to restrain oxygen release and thermal runaway, benefiting for the improvement of thermal safety.

Kinetic Origin of Planar Gliding in Single-Crystalline Ni-Rich Cathodes.

Single-crystalline Ni-rich cathodes with high capacity have drawn much attention for mitigating cycling and safety crisis of their polycrystalline analogues. However, planar gliding and intragranular cracking tend to occur in single crystals with cycling, which undermine cathode integrity and therefore cause capacity degradation. Herein, we intensively investigate the origin and evolution of the gliding phenomenon in single-crystalline Ni-rich cathodes. Discrete or continuous gliding forms are revealed with new surface exposure including the gliding plane (003) and reconstructed (-108) under surface energy drive. It is also demonstrated that the gliding process is the in-plane migration of transition metal ions, and reducing oxygen vacancies will increase the migration energy barrier by which gliding and microcracking can be restrained. The designed cathode with less oxygen deficiency exhibits outstanding cycling performance with an 80.8% capacity retention after 1000 cycles in pouch cells. Our findings provide an insight into the relationship between defect control and chemomechanical properties of single-crystalline Ni-rich cathodes.

High-Performance Zinc-Air Batteries Based on Bifunctional Hierarchically Porous Nitrogen-Doped Carbon.

Active and durable bifunctional electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) on the cathode are required for high-performance rechargeable metal-air batteries. Herein, the synthesis of hierarchically porous nitrogen-doped carbon (HPNC) with bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysis for Zn-air batteries is reported. The HPNC catalyst possesses a large surface area of 1459 m2 g-1 and exhibits superior electrocatalytic activity toward ORR and OER simultaneously with a low OER/ORR overpotential of 0.62 V, taking the difference between the potential at 10 mA cm-2 for OER and half-wave potential for ORR in 0.1 m KOH. Adopting HPNC as the air cathode, primary and rechargeable Zn-air batteries are fabricated. The primary batteries demonstrate a high open-circuit potential of 1.616 V, a specific capacity of 782.7 mAh gZn -1 and a superb peak power density of 201 mW cm-2 . The rechargeable batteries can be cycled stably for over 360 cycles or 120 h at the current density of 5 mA cm-2 . As elucidated by density functional theory, N-doping is preferred on defective sites with pentagon configuration and on the edge in the form of pyridinic-N-type. The high content of these two motifs in HPNC leads to the superior ORR and OER activities, respectively.

LncRNA RP3-525N10.2-NFKB1-PROS1 triplet-mediated low PROS1 expression is an onco-immunological biomarker in low-grade gliomas: a pan-cancer analysis with experimental verification.

BACKGROUND: Glioma is the most common cancer in the central nervous system, and low grade gliomas are notorious for many types of tumors and heterogeneity. PROS1 not only plays an important role in the blood coagulation system, and recent studies have found that it was correlated with the development of tumors, especially related to tumor immune infiltration. However, the study of underlying role and mechanism of PROS1 in gliomas, especially in low-grade gliomas, is almost absent. METHODS: We integrated the information of patients with LGG in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) cohort. Then, we systematically demonstrated the differences and prognostic prognosis value of PROS1 based on multi-omics analyses. In addition, Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation assay, 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation assay, and Transwell assays were performed to evaluate cell proliferation and invasion. qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate the expression of PROS1 in LGG. RESULTS: Various bioinformatics approaches revealed that PROS1 was a valuable prognostic marker and may influence tumour development via distinct mechanisms, including expression of DNA methyltransferase, RNA modification, and DNA mismatch repair system genes, copy number variation, single nucleotide variation frequency, genomic heterogeneity, cancer stemness, DNA methylation, and alternative PROS1 splicing. Our analyses indicated that the long non-coding RNA RP3-525N10.2 may "decoy" or "guide" the transcription factor NFKB1 and prevent its association with PROS1, thereby reducing PROS1 expression and improving poor LGG prognosis. PROS1 expression was also closely associated with tumour infiltration by immune cells, especially tumour-associated macrophages, as well as the expression of various immune checkpoint inhibitors, immunomodulators, and immune cell markers. CONCLUSION: long non-coding RNA RP3-525N10.2-NFKB1-PROS1 triplet-mediated PROS1 expression could serve as a biomarker for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, therapy selection, and follow-up in LGG patients.