An improved algorithm based on YOLOv5 for detecting Ambrosia trifida in UAV images.

A YOLOv5-based YOLOv5-KE unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) image detection algorithm is proposed to address the low detection accuracy caused by the small size, high density, and overlapping leaves of Ambrosia trifida targets in UAV images. The YOLOv5-KE algorithm builds upon the YOLOv5 algorithm by adding a micro-scale detection layer, adjusting the hierarchical detection settings based on k-Means for Anchor Box, improving the loss function of CIoU, reselecting and improving the detection box fusion algorithm. Comparative validation experiments of the YOLOv5-KE algorithm for Ambrosia trifida recognition were conducted using a self-built dataset. The experimental results show that the best detection accuracy of Ambrosia trifida in UAV images is 93.9%, which is 15.2% higher than the original YOLOv5. Furthermore, this algorithm also outperforms other existing object detection algorithms such as YOLOv7, DC-YOLOv8, YOLO-NAS, RT-DETR, Faster RCNN, SSD, and Retina Net. Therefore, YOLOv5-KE is a practical algorithm for detecting Ambrosia trifida under complex field conditions. This algorithm shows good potential in detecting weeds of small, high-density, and overlapping leafy targets in UAV images, it could provide technical reference for the detection of similar plants.

Analysis of the trend of mortality among residents of Fuling District， Chongqing from 2017 to 2022 / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo understand the mortality trends among residents of Fuling District， Chongqing， before and after theCOVID-19 outbreak， and to provide references for the government to formulate disease prevention and control policies and measures. MethodsData on mortality and population in Fuling District from 2017 to 2022 were collected to analyze population mortality and standardized mortality rates， and to compare the changes in the causes of death by year and before and after the pandemic. ResultsFrom 2017 to 2022， the crude mortality rate in Fuling District showed an upward trend （APC=3.04%， P<0.05）， while the standardized mortality rate showed a downward trend （APC=-6.47%， P<0.01）. The mortality rate of males was higher than that of females （P<0.05）， with different age groups having different causes of death composition. The highest proportion of deaths in 0-year-old group was from infectious diseases， maternal and neonatal diseases， and nutritional deficiencies， the highest proportion of deaths in the 1‒24 age group， with the exception of those aged 5‒9， was from injuries， and the main cause of death for residents aged 25 and above was chronic diseases. The mortality rate of mental and behavioral disorders rose from the 13th to the 9th place. According to the epidemic situation of COVID-19， there were no changes in the top five causes of death among the entire population. The motility rate of endocrine， nutritional and metabolic diseases rose from the sixth to the fifth place in male population， and the motility rate of malignant tumor rose from the 3rd to the 2nd place in female population. ConclusionThere are no changes in the top five causes of death among the entire population of Fuling District before and after the COVID-19 outbreak. Chronic diseases remain the main cause of death. It is necessary to control the risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as hypertension， diabetes， and dyslipidemia， and to curb the rising trend of mortality rates from strokes and acute myocardial infarction. For deaths caused by accidental injuries， targeted health education should be conducted for different populations.

Conversion of stromal vascular fraction in the microenvironment of radiation-induced skin injuries and its clinical implications / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To investigate the conversion of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) in the microenvironment of radiation-induced skin injuries to provide guidance for clinical applications.Methods:Based on a random number table, C57BL/6N mice were categorized into four groups: the blank control, negative control, acute injury, and chronic injury groups, with each group containing 25 mice. The backs of mice in the blank control, acute injury, and chronic injury groups were exposed to 15 Gy X-ray irradiation. Then, the mice in the negative control, acute injury, and chronic injury groups were injected subcutaneously with the SVF derived from B6/G-R mice. The survival of these mice was observed 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 d after the injection through fluorescence tracing and in vivo imaging. Accordingly, the clinical SVF injection regimens were optimized based on the experimental result of mice. Finally, local SVF injection was performed on different frequencies for patients in different wound conditions, with the efficacy being observed. Results:The fluorescence of SVF was observed from the tissue slices of the acute injury, chronic injury, and negative control groups 14 d post-injection. The result showed that the fluorescence intensity of SVF 1, 3, and 7 d post-injection was in the order of the negative control group > the acute injury group > the chronic injury group. The acute injury group ranked at the top and the chronic injury group remained at the bottom 14 d after the injection. The fluorescence of SVF in each group was barely detected 21 d after the injection. Compared to the negative control group, the acute injury group exhibited statistical differences only 14 d post-injection ( t = 4.11, P < 0.05), while the chronic injury group displayed statistical differences 1, 3, 7, and 14 d after the injection ( t = 3.88-5.74, P < 0.05). Furthermore, the acute injury group exhibited significantly higher fluorescence intensity of SVF than the chronic injury group ( t = 4.73-8.38, P < 0.05). The half-life of SVF for the negative control, acute injury, and chronic injury groups was 6.336, 6.014, and 2.163 d, respectively. As indicated by the application of SVF transplantation based on traditional surgical protocols in the clinical trial, SVF can significantly promote wound repair, with earlier SVF transplantation being more beneficial for wound healing. Conclusions:The conversion of SVF differs in the microenvironments of acute and chronic radiation-induced skin injuries. This can serve as an essential guide for the administration timing and injection frequency of SVF in clinical applications.

Efficacy of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound therapy in elderly patients with coronary heart disease and angina pectoris / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the practical efficacy of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound(LIPUS)and its effects on hemodynamics in patients with coronary heart disease and angina pectoris.Methods:As a single-center randomized controlled study, 66 elderly patients with coronary heart disease and angina pectoris treated at Qilu Hospital of Shandong University between November 2021 and August 2022 were consecutively recruited.Participants were divided into an ultrasound group and a control group via the random number table method, with 33 in each group.Both groups were given conventional drug treatment, and the ultrasound group was supplemented with LIPUS treatment.After 20 sessions of treatment, the clinical efficacy, blood lipid levels, inflammatory factors and hemodynamics from noninvasive monitoring before and after treatment were compared.Results:There were no statistically significant differences in baseline data between the two groups( P>0.05). After treatment, marked effectiveness was seen in 12 cases(36.4%), effectiveness in 18 cases(54.5%), ineffectiveness in 2 cases(6.1%)and aggravation in 1 case(3%)in the ultrasound group, with a total effectiveness rate of 90.9 %.In the control group, marked effectiveness was seen 2 cases(6.1%), effectiveness in 19 cases(57.6%)and ineffectiveness in 9 cases(27.3%), with a total effectiveness rate of 63.6%.Statistically significant favorable results were achieved in the ultrasound treatment group, compared with the control group( P<0.05). Also, compared with the control group, patients in the ultrasound group showed lower total cholesterol[(2.31±1.03)mmol/L vs.(4.36±0.76)mmol/L, P<0.01], decreased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol[(1.24±0.70)mmol/L vs.(1.74±0.44)mmol/L, P<0.01], decreased triglycerides[(1.04±0.40)mmol/L vs.(1.28±0.49)mmol/L, P<0.05], decreased apolipoprotein B[(0.67±0.25)g/L vs.(0.90±0.14)g/L, P<0.01], decreased interleukin-6[(2.87±2.52)ng/L vs.(4.66±3.30)ng/L, P<0.05], and decreased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein[(1.04±1.41)mg/L vs.(3.80±5.78)mg/L, P<0.05]. Concerning hemodynamics, there was an increase in cardiac output[(4.92±1.05)L/min vs.(4.39±0.97)L/min, P<0.05], stroke volume[(75.85±17.50)ml/beat vs.(66.97±15.57)ml/beat, P<0.05], cardiac index[(37.50±7.14)ml·beat -1·m -2vs.(43.29±7.96)ml·beat -1·m -2, P<0.01], and stroke volume index[(3.05±0.45)L/min 2vs.(2.51±0.43)L/min 2, P<0.01], but a decrease in systemic vascular resistance[(1 358.29±325.23)dyne·s -1·cm -5vs.(1 617.94±526.27)dyne·s -1·cm -5, P<0.05], total vascular resistance[(4.07±24.30)% vs.(21.32±31.94)%, P<0.05], and average heart rate[(63.43±7.42)beats/min vs.(69.11±10.89)beats/min, P<0.05]. Conclusions:LIPUS treatment can improve symptoms, blood lipid profiles, inflammatory factors and hemodynamics in patients with coronary heart disease and angina pectoris.It is a safe and effective adjuvant therapy for elderly patients with coronary heart disease and angina pectoris.

Two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography for evaluating the effect of enhanced external counterpulsation on left ventricular function in elderly patients with coronary slow flow phenomenon / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the effect of enhanced external counterpulsation(EECP)on left ventricular function in elderly patients with coronary slow flow phenomenon(CSFP)using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography(2D-STE).Methods:This prospective case-control study included 30 patients aged ≥60 years with no stenotic lesions in the coronary arteries but with slow blood flow phenomenon in more than one major coronary artery who were treated at the Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, between December 2017 and December 2018, and were divided into a medication group with 16 participants and a medication plus EECP group with 14 participants, using the numerical lottery method.Patients in the group treated with EECP received 6-week 36-h EECP therapy in addition to lifestyle modification and drug treatment.Fourteen patients with normal coronary blood flow served as the control group.Conventional echocardiography and 2D-STE were used to evaluate changes in left ventricular function in the CSF patients before and after drug treatment and EECP.Results:Compared with the control group before treatment, patients in the drug treatment group and the drug treatment plus EECP group showed a decrease in mitral annular early diastolic velocity( P<0.01), an increase in the ratio of peak mitral early diastolic blood flow velocity to the mean peak mitral annular early diastolic velocity( P<0.05), and a decrease in left ventricular longitudinal strain during systole( P<0.01), the longitudinal systolic myocardial strain rate( P<0.01)and the early diastolic longitudinal peak strain rate( P<0.01).There was no statistically significant difference in values from conventional echocardiographic parameters before and after treatment in CSF patients of the medication group(all P>0.05).In the group receiving EECP, there were statistically significant differences in pre-and post-treatment values in ventricular septal early diastolic velocity[(6.22 ± 0.64)cm/s vs.(6.69 ± 0.44)cm/s], lateral wall early diastolic velocity[(8.01±0.68)cm/s vs.(8.41±0.29)cm/s], mitral valve to mitral annulus early diastolic peak velocity ratio[(10.51±1.38) vs.(9.74±0.37)], longitudinal left ventricular systolic strain[(-16.21±0.46)% vs.(-16.80±0.48)%], left ventricular systolic longitudinal strain rate[(-1.29±0.03)s -1vs.(-1.35±0.04)s -1], and early diastolic longitudinal strain rate[(1.35±0.03)s -1vs.(1.40±0.03)s -1](t-values were -3.70、-2.74、2.23、10.25、12.30、-19.15, all P<0.05). Conclusions:2D-STE can evaluate subclinical myocardial dysfunction early and quantitatively in elderly patients with CSF, and objectively reflect changes in left ventricular function before and after clinical intervention with EECP.

Effect of aerobic exercise on core symptoms and executive function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of aerobic exercise on core symptoms and executive function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). MethodsFrom June, 2020 to December, 2021, 64 children with ADHD at outpatient in Dushu Lake Hospital were randomly divided into control group (n = 32) and observation group (n = 32). The control group sat down and watched the cartoon for 20 minutes, and the observation group performed cycling exercise while watching the cartoon, for twelve weeks. The core symptoms were assessed with Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ), while the inhibition, conversion and refresh functions were assessed with the psychological test software E-Prime 2.0 system. ResultsAfter twelve weeks of treatment, the PSQ factor scores decreased in the observation group (t > 4.775, P < 0.001), and were lower than that of the the control group (t > 3.184, P < 0.001). The response time and accuracy of inhibition, conversion, and refresh functions decreased in the observation group (t > 2.259, P < 0.05), and were lower than that of the control group (t > 2.007, P < 0.05). ConclusionAerobic exercise could reduce the core symptoms of poor attention and hyperactivity impulsivity, and improve the executive functioning in children with ADHD.

Considerations on pivotal clinical trial design of innovative new drugs for hematological malignancies / 白血病·淋巴瘤

The rapid changes in the research and development environment of new anti-tumor drugs in China have brought various challenges to drug innovation. How to explore the clinical advantages of new drugs in the early phase, and design scientific, reasonable and efficient pivotal clinical trials for drug registration accordingly, is one of the key challenges. This article takes innovative new drugs for hematological malignancies as an example, comprehensively elaborates the considerations on the timing for entering the pivotal clinical trial and the key elements of the trial design from the perspective of clinical reviewers.

Applications and advances of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy in surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies in China, which serious threat to life and health. Surgical treatment of HCC is one of the most important therapeutic options for long-term survival of HCC patients, including hepatectomy and liver transplantation. Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) infused the therapeutic agents directly into the hepatic artery, the main blood supply in HCC, providing higher concentration and reaction rate. HAIC is an effective treatment for hepatectomy of downstaging and adjuvant therapy, which can improve the feasibility of hepatectomy and decrease the recurrence rates after resection. In this paper, we will review the applications and advances of HAIC in surgical treatment of HCC.

The effect of enhanced external counterpulsation on heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in the elderly / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of enhanced external counterpulsation(EECP)on heart failure with preserved ejection fraction(HFpEF)and hemodynamics in elderly patients.Methods:Clinical data of 66 elderly HFpEF patients admitted to the enhanced external counterpulsation center of our hospital from January 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.The primary assessment parameter was the six-minute walk distance, and the secondary parameters included the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire(MLHFQ). Noninvasive hemodynamic parameters including the cardiac index(CI), stroke volume(SV), isovolumic relaxation period(A2-mitral valve opening, A2-O), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure(PCWP)and total peripheral resistance(TPR)were monitored and mean arterial blood pressure(MAP)was calculated.Results:After EECP treatment, the six-minute walk distance increased(372±87 m vs.341±85 m, P<0.05), the score of MLHFQ decreased(47.0±16.0 vs.50.0±17.0, P<0.05), CI increased(2.8±0.7)L·min -1·m -2vs.(2.6±0.6)L·min -1·m -2( P<0.05), SV, PCWP and A2-O did not show significant change(73.3±16.4 ml vs.71.5±17.1 ml, 10.0±3.3 mmHg vs.11.0±3.6 mmHg, 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa, 98.0±29.5 ms vs.91.0±29.1 ms, P>0.05), TPR decreased(1 719.0±427.0 DS/cm 5vs.1 821.0±508.0 DS/cm 5, P<0.05), and there was no significant change in MAP(96.9±10.7 mmHg vs.98.8±13.1 mmHg, P>0.05), compared with pre-EECP treatment levels.Compared with patients without hypertension, MAP decreased in patients with hypertension(14 cases), when stratified by the initial MAP( P<0.05). Conclusions:For elderly patients with HFpEF, EECP can increase the six-minute walk distance, improve the quality of life and hemodynamic parameters, and is a safe adjuvant treatment.

Immediate and lasting effects of enhanced external counterpulsation on blood pressure in elderly patients with hypertension / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the immediate and lasting effects of enhanced external counterpulsation(EECP)on blood pressure in elderly patients with hypertension.Methods:In this real-world prospective non-randomized controlled study, the elderly hypertensive patients who were newly diagnosed as hypertension or had poor blood pressure control in the Geriatrics Department of Shandong University Qilu Hospital from May 2019 to December 2019, were enrolled as EECP group, and those with systolic blood pressure(SBP)≥180mmHg(1mmHg=0.133 kPa)or had contraindications for EECP treatment were excluded from EECP group(28 cases). Based on the 1∶1 ratio being consistent with the tendency score-matching method, patients' blood pressure was matched at 3 d before the start of the EECP treatment course, with other matched data of baseline data, coexisting disease, cardiovascular medication were choosed as control group(n=28). The EECP group received an additional 36 hours of EECP treatment(6 times/week, 1 hour/time)including lifestyle improvement and anti-hypertensive drugs.The patient's supine blood pressure was collected 3 minutes before each EECP treatment(baseline), 30 minutes during treatment, and 3 minutes after treatment.In the EECP group, family self-measured blood pressure was collected 3 days before the start of the 6-week treatment course(0w), the 6th week(6w)of the treatment course, and the 2nd week(+ 2w), 4th week(+ 4w)and 12th week(+ 12w)after the end of the treatment course, respectively.And the data of control group were collected at the same time point mentioned above.Results:Compared with baseline, the average immediate SBP of elderly hypertensive patients at the 30th minute of EECP treatment was decreased by(5.5±13.6)mmHg( P<0.001), and the average immediate diabolic blood pressure(DBP)was decreased by(1.1±7.5)mmHg( P<0.001). When the baseline SBP was between 160 and 169 mmHg, the probability of a further increase in SBP during treatment was 2.2%(2/89 cases), and when the baseline SBP was between 170 and 179 mmHg, the probability of a further increase in SBP during treatment was 0%(0/57). At 6 weeks, the decrease in SBP was significantly greater in the EECP group than in the control group[(-17.0±8.7)mmHg vs.(-10.5±7.3)mmHg, P<0.01], and the difference continued to + 2w[(-15.5±6.6)mmHg vs.(-10.6±2.5)mmHg, P<0.01]and + 4w[(-13.3±5.4)mmHg vs.(-10.7±2.1)mmHg, P<0.05]. At + 12w, the blood pressure drop was still greater in EECP group than in the control group, but it did not achieve statistically significant differences.Smoking history, history of diabetes, family history of hypertension, and improvement of comorbidities were the key factors that affect the continuous anti-hypertensive effect of EECP. Conclusions:EECP treatment has an immediate effect on lowering blood pressure in elderly hypertensive patients.A 6-week course of EECP treatment has a sustained effect on lowering blood pressure, and the effect can last from 4 to 12 weeks after the end of the course of treatment.

Spatiotemporal correlation analysis of the etiology of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture from 2013 to 2018 / 中华传染病杂志

Objective:To analyze the etiological spatialtemporal distribution characteristics of coxsackievirus A16 (CoxA16) and enterovirus 71 (EV71) in children with hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, and to provide references for its prevention and control.Methods:Real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was used to detect the etiology of children with HFMD in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2018, including CoxA16 and EV71. Spatialtemporal correlation analysis of CoxA16 and EV71 were performed by ArcGIS 10 and SaTScanv 9.6 softwares.Results:Among 3 527 pathogen samples, EV71 was dominant with 12.0%(91/758) in 2013, 40.4%(180/446) in 2014, and 26.7%(155/581) in 2017. CoxA16 was the dominant pathogen with 29.9%(162/541) in 2015, 40.0%(219/547) in 2016, and 13.8%(90/654) in 2018. According to the pathogen detection data from 2013 to 2018, the detection rate of CoxA16 pathogen was higher than that of EV71 ( χ2=1 128.72, P<0.05). CoxA16 and EV71 were aggregated from summer to autumn. CoxA16 was presented with clustered distribution ( Moran′ s index=0.344, P<0.05), and the hot spots of CoxA16 were Xiangyun County ( Z=2.72, P<0.01) and Midu County ( Z=1.68, P<0.1). The radius radiates was 39.00 km from the center of Xiangyun County (log likelihood ratio ( LLR)=40.178, P<0.05). EV71 was presented with discretely distribution ( Moran′ s index=-0.194, P>0.05), and the hot spots of EV71 were Heqing County ( Z=2.14, P<0.05), Jianchuan County ( Z=1.76, P<0.1) and Dali City ( Z=1.71, P<0.1). The main gathering area was the radiation radius of 64.21 km centered of Eryuan County ( LLR=39.376, P<0.05). Conclusions:There are spatiotemporal aggregations of CoxA16 and EV71 in childhood cases with HFMD. The monitoring should be strengthened, and the disease should be scientifically prevented and controlled.

Advances and Challenges of Local Thermal Ablation in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common pathological type of primary lung cancer. Currently, main treatment approaches for NSCLC patients include surgical resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and so on. In recent years, thermal ablation has received increasing attention in the treatment of various stages of NSCLC. As a safe and efficient local treatment, thermal ablation may bring potential clinical benefits to NSCLC patients. However, many issues remain unsolved and further investigation is needed in the clinical application of thermal ablation in NSCLC. In this review, we aim to summarize the applications of thermal ablation in NSCLC and further discuss the emerging controversies as well as future research directions.

Study on interventional treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome in rat models / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective To explore the feasibility of interventional therapy in rat models of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS).Methods A total of 50 male clean SD rats were divided into model group and control group using random number table method,with 25 rats in each group.In the model group,BCS rat model was constructed by adopting partial ligation of the inferior vena cava (IVC),and the control group only had separation of surrounding tissues of IVC.Liver function was studied 12 weeks after postoperative raising,and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and interventional therapy were performed,coupled with liver histopathology staining.Results Twenty BCS rats survived till the 12th week of raising,with the survival rate reaching 80.0％,and 22 survived in the control group.Compared with the control group,ALT [(43.1±5.5) U/L vs.(62.6±4.6) U/L] and AST [(84.7±26.5) U/L vs.(161.7±25.8) U/L)] in serum of rats in the model group increased,the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).HE staining showed that obvious hepatocyte necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in BCS rats,and liver fibrosis was spotted via Masson staining.DSA examination found IVC obstruction in the model group,among which 14 (70.0％,14/20) received interventional therapy after successful probing of IVC obstructed segment,and 7 had balloon dilatation with a diameter of 3.5 mm,with 6 (85.7％,6/7) successfully dilatatedand the other 1 (14.3％,1/7) failed;the remaining 7 had balloon dilatation with a diameter of 4.5 mm,with 2 (28.6％,2/7) successfully dilatated,and the other 5 (71.4％,5/7) died of IVC rupture.Conclusion The BCS rat models by partial ligation of IVC can well simulate the pathophysiological changes and angiopathy characteristics of IVC obstructive BCS patients,which provide a platform for the basic research of interventional therapy of BCS.

Preparation and Quality Evaluation of Zingiber officinale Oil Microcapsules / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To prepare Zingiber officinale oil microcapsules and to evaluate its quality. METHODS： Z. officinale oil microcapsules were prepared by spray drying method with sodium starch octenyl succinate as capsule material. The preparation technology was optimized by orthogonal test with mixing temperature of capsule material and capsule core， mass ratio of capsule material and capsule core， stirring speed as factors， using encapsulation efficiency as index. The drug loading， encapsulation efficiency， appearance， particle size distribution and stability of light， heat and humidity （using iodine value and peroxide value as indexes） were evaluated. RESULTS： The optimal preparation technology of Z. officinale oil microcapsules was that the mixing temperature of capsule material and core was 60 ℃； mass ratio of capsule material and capsule core was 10 ∶ 1； stirring speed was 12 000 r/min. Average drug-loading amount and encapsulation efficiency of Z. officinale oil microcapsules prepared by optimal technology were 17.97％ and 73.57％ （n＝3）. The morphology of Z. officinale oil microcapsules was round， smooth， non-sticky and uniform in size distribution. The average diameter of microcapsules was （6.30±0.27） μm. Under light， heat and humidity conditions， the iodine value and peroxide value of Z. officinale oil microcapsules changed slightly. CONCLUSIONS： The optimal preparation technology of Z. officinale oil microcapsules is simple and reproducible. The prepared microcapsules have good encapsulation efficiency， high drug loading amount and good stability.

Analysis of prosthesis survival after primary hip arthroplasty in elderly patients with Parkinson's syndrome / 中南大学学报(医学版)

To explore the effect of Parkinson's syndrome on the survival of prosthesis after primary hip arthroplasty in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture.
 Methods: A total of 81 elderly patients (81 hips) with femoral neck fracture and primary hip replacement surgery, who came from the Department of Orthopaedics, Central Hospital of Xiangtan City from January 1, 2009 to December 30, 2010, were retrospectively analyzed, including 36 males and 45 females. Sixteen patients with Parkinson's syndrome were selected as a Parkinson's syndrome group, and the other 65 patients were served as a control group. The survival status of the prosthesis was followed up to December 30, 2017 and it was compared between the 2 groups (average follow-up was 7.5 years).
 Results: During the follow-up period, 5 patients in the Parkinson's group underwent revision of the hip joint, and the reasons for revision were periprosthetic fracture in 4 patients and aseptic loosening in 1 patient, but there was no dislocation or infection. There were 7 cases of revision in the control group, including 1 case of infection, 4 cases of aseptic loosening, 1 case of periprosthetic fracture, and 1 case of dislocation. In the follow-up period, the revision rate was 31.2% in the Parkinson's group and 10.8% in the control group (P0.05).
 Conclusion: During an average of 7.5 years of follow-up, the older patients in the Parkinson's syndrome group have higher prosthetic failure rates after primary hip arthroplasty than those in the control group. The periprosthetic fractures are the most common causes. The development of individualized surgical procedures, the implementation of step-by-step rehabilitative exercises, and the suitable protective measures, and the enhancement of drug management and anti-osteoporosis treatment for Parkinson's syndrome may have positive implications for improving the survival of prosthesis in such patients.

Comprehensive improvement of multi-system diseases in elderly patients treated with enhanced external counterpulsation:One case report and literature review / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the comprehensive improvement of multi-system diseases in elderly patients treated with enhanced external counterpulsation(EECP).Methods Clinical data of an elderly patient with multiple systemic diseases were collected and analyzed.The therapeutic effect of EECP was assessed and EECP-related literatures were reviewed.Results The 62-year-old male patient was diagnosed with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease,unstable angina,New York Heart Association(NYHA)functional class Ⅱ,hypertension(grade 3,very high risk),type 2 diabetes,acute cerebral infarction (recovery period)and benign prostatic hyperplasia.After two courses of EECP treatment,angina in the patient was significantly relieved,cardiac systolic and diastolic function was improved,activity tolerance was increased and the corresponding dosage of therapeutic drugs was reduced.In addition,the patient's blood pressure and blood glucose levels were decreased after versus before treatment and the retinal superficial blood flow was enhanced in both eyes assessed by optical coherence tomography.The frequency and volume of nocturia were reduced.The symptoms of numbness on the left side were improved.Conclusions EECP treatment has shown significant therapeutic effects on multi-system diseases in the elderly patient.EECP is safe,effective and simple and has a broad application prospect in geriatrics.

Two novel ansamitocin analogs from Actinosynnema pretiosum.

By using various column chromatography for purification, two new compounds of ansamitocin (1 and 2) were isolated from the extracts of fermentation broth of Actinosynnema pretiosum FIM06-0063. Their structures were established as maytansinol-9-methyl ether-3-propionate (1) and maytansinol-9-methyl ether-3-3'-methy-butyrate (2), respectively, by an extensive NMR analysis.

Clinical characteristics of 34 cases with Japanese encephalitis in adults / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To study the clinical characteristics of Japanese encephalitis (JE) in 34 adult patients and to improve the level of diagnosis of this disease.Methods The clinical manifestations,laboratory results and radiological features of 34 adult patients with JE in our hospital from July 2017 to September 2017 were summarized and the progonsis was observed.The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to evaluate the progonsis.Results Eighteen patients were males and 16 patients were females with the average age of (45.39 ± 16.34) years in 34 patients who were diagnosed as JE.The major clinical features of JE patients included fever (34,100％) with the average temperature of (39.4 ± 1.1) ℃ on admission,headache (26,76％),seizures (7,21％),decreased consciousness (25,74％) on day 2.6 ± 1.4 after the onset,respiratory failure (9,26％) on day 3.8 ± 1.6 after the onset.The major features of laboratory results included white blood cells increase (15,44％),blood hematocrit decrease (25,74％),eosinophil absolute value decrease (29,85％),cerebrospinal fluid pressure increase (12,35％),cerebrospinal fluid protein increase (27,79％),cerebrospinal fluid white blood cells increase (30,88％).Brain MRI scan of abnormal signal was found abnormal in up to 54％patients (14/26),involving the thalamus,basal ganglia,mesencephalon,temporal lobe,hippocampus and occipital lobe,especially in the area of bilateral thalamus and mesencephalon.The follow-up showed three cases were dead;mRS score was 0 in twenty-one cases,1 or 2 in five cases,3 or 4 in three cases,5 in two cases five-six months after onset;the sequelaes were cognitive impairment in nine patients and movement disorder in five patients.Conclusions The clinical symptoms of JE in adults are severe.The main clinical manifestations of JE are hyperthermia,disturbance of consciousness,seizures and respiratory failure,with characteristic imaging findings on brain MRI.JE is a disease with high mortality and severe long-term sequelae.

The relative location between the mandibular third molar and inferior alveolar canal studied by CBCT / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective: To determine the positional relationship between impacted mandibular third molar(IMTM) and mandibular canal(MC) by CBCT. Methods: 664 IMTMs with root apexes contacted to MCs on panoramic radiograph were further examined by CBCT,the exact positional relationship between IMTMs and MCs was observed and analyzed by I-Dixel software. Results: The 664 cases were divided into lowly(6. 3％),intermediately(60. 7％) and highly(33. 0％) impacted groups by the depth of IMTMs in mandibulae showed on CBCT images. The distance(mm) from the root apexes of IMTMs to the intact superior wall of MCs(n = 329) in lowly, intermediately and highly impacted cases were 1. 39 ± 1. 38,1. 28 ± 1. 03 and 1. 79 ± 1. 54 respectively(P ＜ 0. 05). MCs on the buccal side,lingual side,under the IMTMs and between the root apexes were found in 49. 8％,12. 0％,36. 6％ and 1. 5％ of the cases; the MC wall deffect was found in 65. 8％,27. 5％ and 95. 0％ of the cases with the MCs under,on buccal and lingual side of the IMTMs, respectively(P ＜ 0. 001). Conclusion: CBCT examination is necessary for the determination of the positional relationship between MC canal and IMTM with the root apex cotacted or overlapped to MC.

Changes and Significance of Patients′ Blood Routine and T lymphocyte Subsets with Lymphoma and EB Virus Infection / 现代医院

Objective To investigate the changes and significance of patients′ T lymphocyte subsets with lymphoma and EB virus infection.Methods 57 patients with malignant lymphoma who were admitted to our hospital between January 2015 and January 2017 were divided into A group (with EB infection, n=31) and B group (without EB infection, n=26).The other 30 healthy cases were selected as control group (group C) at the same time.The fasting venous blood of all subjects was collected, and the levels of T lymphocyte subsets were measured by flow cytometry.Results Compared with group C, the levels of CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in A group and B group were significantly lower while the levels of CD8+ were significantly higher (P<0.05).Compared with B group, the levels of CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in A group were significantly lower while the levels of CD8+ were significantly higher (P<0.05).Conclusion The levels of T lymphocyte subsets can be used as important indexes to judge the severity of lymphoma.When there is severe T lymphocytes immune dysfunction, EB virus infection should be considered, and timely diagnosis and early treatment should be carried out.