Tripedal DNA Walker as a Signal Amplifier Combined with a Potential-Resolved Multicolor Electrochemiluminescence Strategy for Ultrasensitive Detection of Prostate Cancer Staging Indicators.

A multicolor electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor based on a closed bipolar electrode (BPE) array was proposed for the rapid and intuitive analysis of three prostate cancer staging indicators. First, [Irpic-OMe], [Ir(ppy)2(acac)], and [Ru(bpy)3]2+ were applied as blue, green, and red ECL emitters, respectively, whose mixed ECL emission colors covered the whole visible region by varying the applied voltages. Afterward, we designed a simple Mg2+-dependent DNAzyme (MNAzyme)-driven tripedal DNA walker (TD walker) to release three output DNAs. Immediately after, three output DNAs were added to the cathodic reservoirs of the BPE for incubation. After that, we found that the emission colors from the anode of the BPE changed as a driving voltage of 8.0 V was applied, mainly due to changes in the interfacial potential and faradaic currents at the two poles of the BPE. Via optimization of the experimental parameters, cutoff values of such three indicators at different clinical stages could be identified instantly with the naked eye, and standard precision swatches with multiple indicators could be prepared. Finally, in order to precisely determine the prostate cancer stage, the multicolor ECL device was used for clinical analysis, and the resulting images were then compared with standard swatches, laying the way for accurate prostate cancer therapy.

Establishment of Novel Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Markers from Chimonanthus praecox Transcriptome Data and Their Application in the Identification of Varieties.

Chimonanthus praecox, a member of the Calycanthaceae family, is a unique, traditional, and famous flowering economic tree species in China. Despite the existence of several varieties, only a few cultivars have been formally named. Currently, expression sequence tag-simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers are extensively used to identify different species and varieties; a large number of microsatellites can be identified from transcriptome databases. A total of 162,638 unigenes were assembled using RNA-seq; 82,778 unigenes were annotated using the Nr, Nt, Swiss-Prot, Pfam, GO, KOG, and KEGG databases. In total, 13,556 SSR loci were detected from 11,691 unigenes, with trinucleotide repeat motifs being the most abundant among the six repeat motifs. To develop the markers, 64,440 pairs of SSR primers with polymorphism potential were designed, and 75 pairs of primers were randomly selected for amplification. Among these markers, seven pairs produced amplified fragments of the expected size with high polymorphism. Using these markers, 12 C. praecox varieties were clustered into two monophyletic clades. Microsatellites in the transcriptome of C. praecox exhibit rich types, strong specificity, and great polymorphism potential. These EST-SSR markers serve as molecular technical methods for identifying different varieties of C. praecox and facilitate the exploration of a large number of candidate genes associated with important traits.

Dual "on-off" signal conversion strategy based on surface plasmon coupling and resonance energy transfer for visual electrochemiluminescence ratiometric analysis of MiRNA-141.

An electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor with a pair of new ECL emitters and a novel sensing mechanism was designed for the high-sensitivity detection of microRNA-141 (miRNA-141). Sulfur-doped boron nitrogen quantum dots (S-BN QDs) were initially employed to modify the cathode of the bipolar electrode (BPE), while the anode reservoir was [Ir(dfppy)2(bpy)]PF6/TPrA system. The next step involved attaching H1-bound ultra-small WO3-x nanodots (WO3-x NDs) to the S-BN QDs-modified BPE cathode via DNA hybridization. A strong surface plasmon coupling (SPC) effect was observed between S-BN QDs and WO3-x NDs, which allowed for the enhancement of the red and visible ECL emission from S-BN QDs. After target-induced cyclic amplification to produce abundant Zn2+ and Au NPs-DNA3-Au NPs (Au NPs-S3-Au NPs), Zn2+ could cleave DNA at a nucleotide sequence-specific recognition site to release the WO3-x NDs, resulting in the first diminution of cathode ECL signal and the first enhancement of anode ECL signal. Moreover, the ECL signal at cathode decreased for the second time and the emission of [Ir(dfppy)2(bpy)]PF6 was continuously enhanced after the introduction of Au nanoparticles-S3-Au nanoparticles on the cathode surface. Our sensing mode with a dual "on-off" signal conversion strategy shows a good detection capability for miRNAs ranging from 10-17 to 10-10 M, with a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 10-17 M, which has great application potential in biomedical research and clinical diagnosis.

Nitrite-driven anaerobic ethane oxidation.

Ethane, the second most abundant gaseous hydrocarbon in vast anoxic environments, is an overlooked greenhouse gas. Microbial anaerobic oxidation of ethane can be driven by available electron acceptors such as sulfate and nitrate. However, despite nitrite being a more thermodynamically feasible electron acceptor than sulfate or nitrate, little is known about nitrite-driven anaerobic ethane oxidation. In this study, a microbial culture capable of nitrite-driven anaerobic ethane oxidation was enriched through the long-term operation of a nitrite-and-ethane-fed bioreactor. During continuous operation, the nitrite removal rate and the theoretical ethane oxidation rate remained stable at approximately 25.0 mg NO2 -N L-1 d-1 and 11.48 mg C2H6 L-1 d-1, respectively. Batch tests demonstrated that ethane is essential for nitrite removal in this microbial culture. Metabolic function analysis revealed that a species affiliated with a novel genus within the family Rhodocyclaceae, designated as 'Candidatus Alkanivoras nitrosoreducens', may perform the nitrite-driven anaerobic ethane oxidation. In the proposed metabolic model, despite the absence of known genes for ethane conversion to ethyl-succinate and succinate-CoA ligase, 'Ca. A. nitrosoreducens' encodes a prospective fumarate addition pathway for anaerobic ethane oxidation and a complete denitrification pathway for nitrite reduction to nitrogen. These findings advance our understanding of nitrite-driven anaerobic ethane oxidation, highlighting the previously overlooked impact of anaerobic ethane oxidation in natural ecosystems.

An "off-on-enhanced on" electrochemiluminescence biosensor based on resonance energy transfer and surface plasmon coupled 3D DNA walker for ultra-sensitive detection of microRNA-21.

In this study, a novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor was developed to detect microRNA-21 (miRNA-21) with high sensitivity by leveraging the combined mechanisms of resonance energy transfer (RET) and surface plasmon coupling (SPC). Initially, the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) were coated with Cu-Zn-In-S quantum dots (CZIS QDs), known for their defect-related emission suitable for ECL sensing. Subsequently, a hairpin DNA H3 with gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) attached at the end was modified over the surface of the quantum dots. The Au NPs could effectively quench the ECL signals of CZIS QDs via RET. Further, a significant amount of report DNA was generated through the action of a 3D DNA walker. When the report DNA opened H3-Au NPs, the hairpin structure experienced a conformational change to a linear shape, increasing the gap between the CZIS QDs and the Au NPs. Consequently, the localized surface plasmon resonance ECL (LSPR-ECL) effect replaced ECL resonance energy transfer (ECL-RET). Moreover, the report DNA was released following the addition of H4-Au NPs, resulting in the formation of Au dimers and a surface plasma-coupled ECL (SPC-ECL) effect that enhanced the ECL intensity to 6.97-fold. The integration of new ECL-RET and SPC-ECL biosensor accurately quantified miRNA-21 concentrations from 10-8 M to 10-16 M with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.08 fM, as well as successfully applied to validate human serum samples.

Dual-signal ratiometric electrochemiluminescence biosensor based on Au NPs-induced low-potential emission of PFO Pdots and LSPR-ECL mechanism for ultra-sensitive detection of microRNA-141.

In this study, we have for the first time constructed a ratiometric ECL biosensor for the ultrasensitive detection of microRNAs (miRNAs) using gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) to trigger both the low-potential emission from conjugated polymer poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-2,7-diyl) dots (PFO Pdots) and the LSPR-ECL effect with sulfur-doped boron nitride quantum dots (S-BN QDs). PFO Pdots were first applied to the Au NPs-modified electrode, followed by covalent binding to capture the hairpin H1. Immediately thereafter, a small amount of miRNA-141 was able to generate a large amount of output DNA (OP) by traversing the target cycle. OP, H3-S-BN QDs, and H4-glucose oxidase (H4-GOD) were then added sequentially to the Au NPs-modified electrode surface, and the hybridization chain reaction (HCR) was initiated. This resulted in the introduction of a large amount of GOD into the system, which catalyzed the in situ formation of the co-reactant hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from the substrate glucose. Due to the electron transfer effect, the production of H2O2 led to the ECL quenching of PFO Pdots. Meanwhile, H2O2 served as a co-reactant of S-BN QDs, resulting in strong ECL emission of S-BN QDs at the cathode. Furthermore, the cathodic ECL intensity of S-BN QDs was further enhanced by an LSPR-ECL mechanism between Au NPs and S-BN QDs. By measuring the ratio of ECL intensities at two excitation potentials, this approach could provide sensitive and reliable detection of miRNA-141 in the range of 0.1 fM ∼10 nM, with a detection limit of 0.1 fM.

Black rice diet alleviates colorectal cancer development through modulating tryptophan metabolism and activating AHR pathway.

Consumption of dietary fiber and anthocyanin has been linked to a lower incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study scrutinizes the potential antitumorigenic attributes of a black rice diet (BRD), abundantly rich in dietary fiber and anthocyanin. Our results demonstrate notable antitumorigenic effects in mice on BRD, indicated by a reduction in both the size and number of intestinal tumors and a consequent extension in life span, compared to control diet-fed counterparts. Furthermore, fecal transplants from BRD-fed mice to germ-free mice led to a decrease in colonic cell proliferation, coupled with maintained integrity of the intestinal barrier. The BRD was associated with significant shifts in gut microbiota composition, specifically an augmentation in probiotic strains Bacteroides uniformis and Lactobacillus. Noteworthy changes in gut metabolites were also documented, including the upregulation of indole-3-lactic acid and indole. These metabolites have been identified to stimulate the intestinal aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway, inhibiting CRC cell proliferation and colorectal tumorigenesis. In summary, these findings propose that a BRD may modulate the progression of intestinal tumors by fostering protective gut microbiota and metabolite profiles. The study accentuates the potential health advantages of whole-grain foods, emphasizing the potential utility of black rice in promoting health.

The effects of linalool on transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 pathway and its role in alleviating visceral hypersensitivity in rats with irritable bowel syndrome / 中华消化杂志

Objective:To observe the effects of linalool on central and alleviating peripheral nervous system through transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) pathway and its role in alleviating visceral hypersensitivity in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).Methods:Thirty-six female newborn Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat pups in specific pothogen free was selected, among which 30 rats were used for behavioral experiments and 6 rats for electrophysiological experiment. In behavioral experiments, 30 newborn SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (0.2 mL 0.9% sodium chloride solution was injected into the colorectal), neonatal colonic inflammation (NCI) group (0.2 mL 0.5% acetic acid was injected into the colorectal), linalool 20, 50 and 100 mg/kg groups (after NCI model successfully established, the rat were gavaged with linalool 20, 50 or 100 mg/kg at 5 weeks old). At 6 weeks old, abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) and pressure value of pain threshold (inflation pressure value at AWR score of 3) was observed by colorectal distention test. One hour after behavioral experiments, the expression of TRPV1 at protein level in colonic mucosa and spinal cord of each group was detected by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. In electrophysiological experiment, female SD rats aged 6 to 7 weeks were selected to make in vitro transverse sections of the spinal cord. Five to eight neurons were randomly selected from each rat for whole-cell patch-clamp recording. The effects of linalool, tetrodotoxin and anti capsaicinand on the spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic current (sEPSC) of substantiagelatinosa neurons was recorded. Independent sample t test and paired t test were used for statistical analysis. Results:The AWR score of rats in NCI group was higher than those in normal control group, linalool 20 mg/kg group, linalool 50 mg/kg group and linalool 100 mg/kg group at 40 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) pressure (2.5±0.2 vs. 1.0±0.3, 1.5±0.3, 1.5±0.2, and 1.5±0.2, respectively), at 60 mmHg pressure the AWR score was higher than those in normal control group, linalool 50 mg/kg group and linalool 100 mg/kg group (3.8±0.2 vs. 2.3±0.4, 2.3±0.5, and 2.0±0.3, respectively), and the differences were statistically significant ( t=4.39, 2.45, 3.16, 3.16, 3.31, 2.88 and 5.97; P=0.001, 0.034, 0.010, 0.010, 0.008, 0.028, and<0.001). The pain threshold of rats in NCI group was lower than those of normal control group, linalool 20 mg/kg group, linalool 50 mg/kg group and linalool 100 mg/kg group ((35.8±2.0) mmHg vs. (55.8±1.5), (49.2±2.4), (53.3±2.1), and (55.0±1.8) mmHg, respectively), and the differences were statistically significant ( t=-7.91, -4.28, -6.01, and -7.06; P<0.001, =0.002, <0.001, and <0.001). The results of Western blotting showed that the relative expression of TRPV1 at protein level in colorectal tissues of rats in NCI group was higher than those of normal control group, linalool 20 mg/kg group, linalool 50 mg/kg group and linalool 100 mg/kg group (0.86±0.03 vs. 0.32±0.03, 0.68±0.01, 0.45±0.03, and 0.56±0.02, respectively), and the relative expression of TRPV1 at protein level in spinal dorsal horn was higher than those of normal control group, linalool 20 mg/kg group, linalool 50 mg/kg group and linalool 100 mg/kg group (0.91±0.02 vs. 0.34±0.03, 0.72±0.03, 0.51±0.06, and 0.63±0.05), and the differences were statistically significant ( t=12.44, 5.14, 9.68, 7.69, 19.14, 5.13, 6.72, and 5.60; P<0.001, <0.001, <0.001, <0.001, <0.001, <0.001, =0.001, and <0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency and the outward current of sEPSC in neurons of same glial region among rats with 2 mmol/L linalool gavaged for 4 minutes, 0.5 μmol/L tetrodotoxin and 2 mmol/L linalool gavaged for 4 minutes ( n=5, (23.84±4.81) Hz vs. (20.54±5.71) Hz, (7.60±0.35) pA vs. (7.62±0.75) pA, both P>0.05). The frequency of sEPSC administered with 2 mmol/L linalool gavaged for 4 minutes was higher than that of neurons in the same glial area administered with 10 μmol/L capsazepine and 2 mmol/L linalool gavaged for 4 minutes ( n=5, (20.17±2.55) Hz vs.(14.09±2.98) Hz), and the difference was statistically significant ( t=3.58, P=0.021); however there was no statistically significant difference in the outward current ((7.42±0.78) pA vs. (7.03±1.32) pA, P>0.05). Conclusion:Linalool can relieve visceral hypersensitivity in IBS partially through TRPV1 pathway, which may be related to the hyperpolarization of the membrane potential of neurons in glial region.

Validation of Foot Pressure Variables during Walking according to Glycated Hemoglobin Levels / 임상당뇨병

The purpose of this study was to explore the variables of foot pressure according to glycated hemoglobin level during walking in diabetic patients with pes rectus. The subjects of this study were 39 people (78 feet) in their 40s and 60s, and they were divided into 11 pre-diabetic patients (22 feet) and 14 diabetic patients (28 feet) based on glycated hemoglobin; 14 patients without diabetes (28 feet) was used as a control. Foot pressure was measured using the EMED-LE Measurement system. The sole of the foot was divided into 12 parts, each of which was analyzed for pressure, force, contact area, and grounding time. For statistics, nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis and Wilcoxon signed rank test were used. Prediabetic and diabetic patients had lower hindfoot and second and third metatarsal foot pressure but higher first and third toe pressure compared to those without diabetes. In addition, the maximum and minimum force were high in all parts of the sole, and the contact time was long, signifying strong downward force for a long duration. Measurement of foot pressure by parts allowed detailed analysis of abnormal foot pressure and is valuable as basic data for diagnosis, prediction, and treatment of diabetic foot. Based on these data, maximum and minimum pressure better explain the problem of plantar pressure distribution rather than mean maximum pressure.

Study on the consistency and correlation of different methods for measuring energy consumption in patients with severe acute pancreatitis / 中华消化杂志

Objective:To analyze the consistency and correlation of indirect calorimetry (IC) and Harris-Benedict estimation method (H-B) in measuring energy consumption in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), as well as the characteristics of energy metabolism at resting state of SAP patients with different etiologies, and so as to guide the formulation of clinical energy nutrition support program.Methods:From February 1 to December 31, 2019, 61 SAP patients admitted into the intensive care unit of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University were enrolled. Collected relevant data of patients, such as the etiology of SAP, whether mechanical ventilation was needed, as well as the metabolic status. All SAP patients accepted IC test on the first day after admission to intensive care unit. According to the energy consumption measured by IC (hereinafter referred to as IC value) and the energy consumption measured by H-B (hereinafter referred to as H-B value), SAP patients were determined to be in high, normal or low metabolic state. Bland-Altman method and Pearson linear regression were used to analyze the consistency and correlation of the two methods in measuring energy consumption, and the linear equation was fitted. Paired t test was used for statistical analysis. Results:Among the 61 SAP patients, 13 cases were biliary SAP, 30 cases were hyperlipidemic SAP, 6 cases were alcoholic SAP, and 12 cases were SAP of other causes or unknown causes. Nineteen cases needed mechanical ventilation and 42 cases did not need mechanical ventilation. There were 70.5% (43/61) of SAP patients in high metabolic state, 13.1%(8/61) of SAP patients in normal metabolic state, and 16.4% (10/61) of SAP patients in low metabolic state. The IC value in 61 SAP patients was higher than H-B value((8 604.7±367.8) kJ/d vs. (6 491.2±133.7) kJ/d), and the difference was statistically significant ( t=5.95, P<0.001). The IC value in patients with hyperlipidemic, alcoholic and biliary SAP was (8 815.2±537.9), (7 631.2±890.5), and (8 108.0±933.1) kJ/d, respectively, and the H-B value was (6 869.6±204.5), (5 916.8±153.7), and (5 974.2±200.9) kJ/d, respectively. The IC value in patients with biliary or hyperlipidemic SAP were higher than H-B value, and the differences were statistically significant( t=2.29 and 3.38, both P<0.05). The IC value and H-B value in SAP patients with mechanical ventilation and without mechanical ventilation were (10 485.0±741.1) and (6 462.6±222.8) kJ/d, (6 595.1±364.7) and (6 503.2±166.7) kJ/d, respectively. The IC value in SAP patients with mechanical ventilation was higher than H-B value and the IC value in SAP patients without mechanical ventilation, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=4.71 and 5.20, both P<0.001). The consistency analyzed by Bland-Altman method showed that the two methods had obvious biases, and the average bias value was 92.2 kJ/d. The result of Pearson linear regression analysis indicated that there was a linear relationship between two methods ( r=0.44, P<0.001). The linear equation fitted by the univariate regression was Y=1.240 6 X+ 154.42, in which X was the H-B value and Y was the IC value. Conclusions:SAP patients are mostly in a hypermetabolic state in the early stages of the disease. The IC value is higher than H-B value, and it is recommended to use IC to measure energy consumption in SAP patients.

Comparative study on in vivo and in vitro permeability of Huoxue Zhitong gel patch and microemulsion gel / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to establish a method for determination of paeonol(Pae), eugenol(Eug), and piperine(Pip) content in receptor liquid and research on the permeability and pharmacokinetics of Huoxue Zhitong gel patch and microemulsion gel. The Franz diffusion experiment was conducted to assess the percutaneous permeability, and the microdialysis method was employed to assess pharmacokinetics of Huoxue Zhitong gel patch and microemulsion gel. The content of Pae, Eug, and Pip in receptor liquid in vitro and in vivo was determined by HPLC and UPLC-MS. The Q_n and J_(ss) of Pae, Eug, and Pip in the gel patch were significantly higher than those in the microemulsion gel, indicating that the drug release was faster in the gel patch. The C_(max), AUC_(0-760), and MRT of Pae, Eug, and Pip in the gel patch were higher than those in the microemulsion gel, indicating that the gel patch can promote the penetration and prolong the skin residence of the drug. The results of this study provide reference for improving the dosage form of Huoxue Zhitong patch.

Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Autoimmune Pancreatitis and IgG4-related Sclerosing Cholangitis / 胃肠病学

Background: Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a chronic pancreatitis associated with immune factors. IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) is a common extrapancreatic manifestation of AIP, however, its optimal treatment still needs to be clarified. Aims: To summarize the experience in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of AIP, especially IgG4-SC. Methods: Twenty-five patients with AIP admitted from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University between January 2015 and May 2021 were recruited, and a retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical symptoms, laboratory and imaging findings, pathological results, as well as the treatment regimens and clinical outcomes. Results: All the patients were diagnosed as type 1 AIP (84.0% male, mean age 63.5 years). Obstructive jaundice (56.0%) and epigastric pain (44.0%) were the main clinical symptoms. The main imaging findings were diffuse enlargement of the pancreas, capsule-like rim, and distal biliary stricture associated with intra- and extra-hepatic duct dilation. The serum IgG4 elevated significantly. In 14 patients with IgG4-SC, the total bilirubin was between 1-2 upper limit of normal (ULN) in 3 cases, between 2-5 ULN in 3 cases, and > 5×ULN in 8 cases. Fifteen (83.3%) patients obtained pathological diagnosis by endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA). Six IgG4-SC patients were treated with steroids alone, and 6 received biliary stenting with or without steroids, no differences in liver function tests were existed between the two groups prior to treatment (all P> 0.05). Liver function tests in most of these patients were normalized after treatment. Conclusions: AIP is a rare disease in clinical practice, and is more frequently seen in elderly male patients. Biliary involvement (IgG4-SC) is common and often presents initially as obstructive jaundice, which can be effectively managed with steroids alone, without the need for biliary stenting.

Cytokine Release from Organotypic Human Oral Tissue Following Exposure to Oral Care Product Chemicals

Purpose@#Measuring viability of a three-dimensional in vitro organotypic human oral tissue model has been suggested as an alternative test method to the oral mucosa irritation test of oral care products. The aim of this study was to investigate the production of two different cytokines using organotypic human oral tissue model following exposure to chemicals that are commonly used in oral care products. @*Materials and Methods@#The organotypic human oral tissues were exposed to ethanol, sodium lauryl sulphate or hydrogen peroxide for 90 minutes. Following exposure, interleukin (IL)-1α and IL-8 productions were assessed and correlated with cell viability testing as well as histology of the organotypic human oral tissues.Result: High levels of IL-8 were released from organotypic human oral tissues in all of the test and control groups without any significant differences between them. In contrast, differences were found in IL-1α release between the test and control groups. Additionally, the trend of IL-1α release corresponded to the phenotypes observed in histological analysis while different trend existed between IL-1α release and cell viability. @*Conclusion@#The study concluded the non-specific release of IL-8 for the assessment of oral care product chemicals’ toxicity, while potential of measuring IL-1α cytokine level as the possible alternative test method.

Treatment of simple posterolateral tibial plateau collapse fracture with beta-tricalcium phosphate combined with T-shaped locking plate / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Simple posterolateral tibial plateau collapse fracture is very rare in the clinic. The displaced collapse fracture in this area must be anatomically reduced, filled with suitable materials, and fixed with internal fixators. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the stability, clinical results and biocompatibility of modified posterolateral approach to treat simple posterolateral tibial plateau collapse fracture with beta-tricalcium phosphate combined with T-shaped locking plate. METHODS: Fifteen patients with simple posterolateral tibial plateau collapse fractures who received surgical treatment between June 2013 and December 2017 in Zhangjiagang Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University. These patients included 8 males and 7 females, aged 25-53 years. All of them received surgical treatment with beta-tricalcium phosphate combined with T-shaped locking plate through the modified posterolateral approach. After surgery, they were followed up for 12 months. X-ray examination was performed to evaluate fracture healing and internal fixation. Reduction effect was evaluated by Rasmussen radiology score. Knee function and stability were evaluated by HSS knee function score, Lachman test, pivot-shift test and lateral stress test. This study was approved by Medical Ethics Committee, Zhangjiagang Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, China (approval No. 201305KS001). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All patients underwent anatomical reduction of knee fractures, and the fracture healing time was 9-14 weeks. At 12 months after surgery, p-tricalcium phosphate was completely absorbed and replaced by new bone, and repair of bone defect was satisfactory. (2) There were no significant differences in posterior tibia angle, varus angle, Rasmussen imaging collapse score and Rasmussen imaging total score between 12 months after surgery and immediately after surgery in 15 patients (P > 0. 05). (3) At 12 months after surgery, the HSS score of the knee joint was 89-100, and Lachman test, pivot-shift test and lateral stress test results were negative in 15 patients. (4) During the follow up period, infection around implants, allergic reaction, immune reaction, or rejection reaction was not observed. (5) These findings suggest that treatment of simple posterolateral tibial plateau collapse fracture through the modified posterolateral approach with p-tricalcium phosphate combined with T-shaped locking plate exhibits good repair effects and biocompatibility.

MDT diagnosis and treatment for severe acute pancreatitis and patient management / 中华胰腺病杂志

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is an acute severe disease with a high fatality rate. Initial doctor should accurately assess the disease severity and establish a multidisciplinary coordination and transfer plan. At the early stage, conservative medical treatment and organ support therapy are the main strategy. Minimally invasive intervention could be dominant in the management of complications such as infectious pancreatic necrosis, abdominal hemorrhage, gastrointestinal fistula and so on in the late course of the disease and surgical surgery could be administrated when necessary. During the recovery period, treatment of the etiologies, prevention of recurrence, local complications, and pancreatic endocrine and exocrine insufficiency also require multidisciplinary collaboration. Patient management of SAP through the whole course of the disease based on a multidisciplinary team is of great significance in increasing cure rate and improving quality of life.

Clinical characteristics and risk factors of male patients with alcohol-induced psychotic disorders / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors of male patients with psychotic disorders caused by alcohol. Methods: The clinical data of 52 male inpatients with alcohol use and related disorders treated in the Department of Addiction of Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from May 2018 to December 2019 were collected. There were 19 cases of alcohol-induced psychotic disorder (alcohol-induced psychosis disorder, AIPD) group and 33 cases of non-AIPD group. The risk factors of AIPD were obtained by regression analysis. Results: AIPD patients had a higher incidence of hallucinations (47.4%) and delusions of murder (47.4%). Compared with non-AIPD groups, Logistic regression analysis of AIPD patients showed that vitamine B12 (VB12) serum level (P=0.011, OR=0.995) and total cholesterol serum level (P=0.039, OR=1.874) were associated with the occurrence of AIPD. Conclusion: Patients with AIPD have psychiatric symptoms mainly consisting of hallucinations and delusions of murder. When patients' laboratory tests show abnormal serum VB12 and serum total cholesterol levels, attentions should be paid to the occurrence of AIPD.

Recent progress in Helicobacter pylori treatment / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

The main challenge in the field of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is antibiotic resistance, which influences the efficacy of eradication regimens. Bismuth-containing quadruple therapy has been confirmed as an effective regimen for eradicating H. pylori, especially in strains with antibiotic resistance. High-dose proton-pump inhibitor-amoxicillin dual therapy could decrease the use of unnecessary antibiotics, which is a promising alternative approach. Adjuvant therapy (specific probiotic or vitamin) also showed good results, although more evidence is needed. Novel anti-H. pylori drugs are needed, and the establishment of the H. pylori database is an effective way to acknowledge the real-time information of H. pylori management. This review provides the recent progress of H. pylori treatment, and further studies are needed to address the role of different regimens in improving H. pylori eradication rate, especially in strains with antibiotics resistance.

Exploring an effective way to improve the academic connotation of TCM courses from the practice of fighting against COVID-19 / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Due to the ongoing outbreak of COVID-19, we reflect on the optimization of teaching content and the guidance to deep learning, from the perspective of TCM teaching research. We believe that it's necessary to pay attention to the overall integration of TCM theories, academic researching, and clinical practicing when teaching. By excavating and sorting out the knowledge system of TCM, a clear conceptual pedigree of academic inheritance is constructed. In the teaching of traditional Chinese pharmacy, we should integrate the reconsideration and multi-dimensional research on the theory of medicinal properties, and make preparations for the development of Chinese medicine in a new direction through the cross-integration of various disciplines.

Clinical value of sequential organ failure assessment score in evaluating organ function in acute pancreatitis / 中华消化杂志

Objective:To compare the clinical value of sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score and revised Marshall score in evaluating organ function in acute pancreatitis (AP).Methods:From January 2013 to December 2017, at the Department of Gastroenterology of The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, the clinical data of 3 957 hospitalized AP patients were collected through the AP electronic database. AP was diagnosed and the severity of the disease was classified according to the revised Atlanta classification criteria. Organ function was evaluated by modified Marshall score and SOFA score. The correlation between SOFA score and mortality, pancreatic necrosis were analyzed. Chi-square test and Spearman correlation analysis were performed for statistical analysis.Results:The incidences of circulatory failure and renal failure determined by the SOFA score were higher than those of the modified Marshall score (4.80%, 190/3 957 vs. 3.03%, 120/3 957; 10.11%, 400/3 957 vs. 6.44%, 255/3 957), and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=1 599.54 and 2 237.19, both P<0.01). Two score systems were consistent in determining the incidence of respiratory failure, which were 32.22% (1 275/3 957). The incidences of persistent circulatory failure (≥48 h) and persistent renal failure (≥48 h) determined by the SOFA score were higher than those of the modified Marshall score (1.64%, 65/3 957 vs. 0.76%, 30/3 957; 4.78%, 189/3 957 vs. 3.69%, 146/3 957), and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=1 458.37 and 2 398.01, both P<0.01). The incidence of persistent respiratory failure (≥48 h) was same determined by two score systems, which were 10.24% (405/3 957). The proportion of patients with severe AP determined by SOFA score was higher than that of the modified Marshall score (25.30%, 1 001/3 957 vs. 18.83%, 745/3 957), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=718.216, P<0.01). The results of Spearman correlation analysis showed that SOFA total score was positively correlated with the overall mortality and the incidence of pancreatic necrosis (correlation coefficients r were 0.540 and 0.211, respectively), and the differences were statistically significant (both P<0.01). Conclusion:SOFA score can comprehensively evaluate organ function in AP and is an important approach in determining prognosis.

Comparison of APACHEⅡ, Ranson, BISAP and CTSI scores in early prediction of the severity of acute pancreatitis based on large sample database / 中华胰腺病杂志

Objective To clarify the accuracy of APACHEⅡ, Ranson, BISAP and CTSI scoring systems for predicting the progression of mild acute pancreatitis ( MAP ) to moderate acute pancreatitis ( MSAP) and severe acute pancreatitis ( SAP ) , and death risk of patients with acute pancreatitis ( AP ) . Methods All data from 2080 consecutive adult patients who were admitted within 3 days of disease onset were selected from AP database between 2014 and 2017. The severity was classified according to the revised Atlanta classification systems. Patients who died during hospitalization or discharged automatically were defined as patients at risk of death. The predictive accuracies for MSAP, SAP and death risk were compared using receiver operating characteristic ( ROC) curves. Results The 2080 patients with AP were divided into MAP (n=857, 41. 2％), MSAP ( n =892, 42. 9％), and SAP ( n =331, 15. 9％) according to the revised Atlanta classification system. ROC curve analysis showed APACHEⅡ score, Ranson score, BISAP score and the CT severity index ( CTSI) had no predictive value for MSAP, but have predictive value for SAP and death risk. APACHEⅡ score had the highest accuracy in predicting SAP with area under the curve ( AUC) values of 0. 785 and 0. 746 on the 1st and 2nd day after admission, respectively, and the APACHEⅡscore on admission day 1 had the highest accuracy in predicting death risk (AUC =0. 845). Conclusions Various scoring systems had predictive value only for SAP and death risk, and APACHEⅡ score had the highese accuracy in predicting SAP and death risk.