DEGENERATED LEMMA (DEL) regulates lemma development and affects rice grain yield.

In grass, the lemma is a unique floral organ structure that directly determines grain size and yield. Despite a great deal of research on grain enlargement caused by changes in glume cells, the importance of normal development of the glume for normal grain development has been poorly studied. In this study, we investigated a rice spikelet mutant, degenerated lemma (del), which developed florets with a slightly degenerated or rod-like lemma. More importantly, del also showed a significant reduction in grain length and width, seed setting rate, and 1000-grain weight, which led to a reduction in yield. The results indicate that the mutation of the DEL gene further affects rice grain yield. Map-based cloning shows a single-nucleotide substitution from T to A within Os01g0527600/DEL/OsRDR6, causing an amino acid mutation of Leu-34 to His-34 in the del mutant. Compared with the wild type, the expression of DEL in del was significantly reduced, which might be caused by single base substitution. In addition, the expression level of tasiR-ARF in del was lower than that of the wild type. RT-qPCR results show that the expression of some floral organ identity genes was changed, which indicates that the DEL gene regulates lemma development by modulating the expression of these genes. The present results suggest that the normal expression of DEL is necessary for the formation of lemma and the normal development of grain morphology and therefore has an important effect on the yield. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01297-6.

The Shisa3 knockout mouse exhibits normal bone phenotype.

Wnt signaling is important for both skeletal development and bone disease, with Wnt inhibitory factors playing critical roles in bone metabolism. SHISA3 blocks the maturation and transportation of Frizzled receptors to the cell surface, thereby inhibiting the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway in lung cancer. However, the function of Shisa3 in bone biology remains uninvestigated. This study found that Shisa3 was strongly expressed in the calvarial bones of mice, especially in osteoblasts. In addition, adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of murine Shisa3 significantly inhibited Wnt3a-induced nuclear translocation of ß-catenin and mRNA expression of the Wnt target gene Axin2. In bone phenotype assessments of Shisa3 knockout (Shisa3 KO) mice, micro-computed tomography, mRNA expressions of osteoblast markers, and skeletal preparations all displayed no significant differences compared with Shisa3 wild-type mice. mRNA expression analysis of canonical Wnt signaling target genes (Axin2, Lef1, Dkk1, and Tnfrsf11b) in calvarial bones at P0.5 also revealed no significant findings. In Axin2Cre/ERT2 knock-in mice, the number of Axin2-expressing cells in the calvariae of Shisa3 KO and control mice were comparable. Thus, there appears to be a redundancy in the function of Shisa3 in bone development, likely with other Shisa family members.

Evaluation and influencing factors of surgical margin status of oral squamous cell carcinoma / 中华口腔医学杂志

Surgical resection with adequate margins is an essential component of the treatment for patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). A distance of 5 mm or more between healthy tissue to the tumor front is generally accepted as a safe margin. It is very important for surgeons to precisely evaluate the resection area of tumor both pre- and intra-operatively and try to achieve a safe margin, which will result in a decreased risk of local recurrence. The relationship of surgical margin status to patients' prognosis, and factors which will affect surgical margin distance demand are discussed in this paper. We recommend that adequate margins evaluation should take consideration of many factors such as anatomical location, depth of tumor invasion, pattern of tumor invasion, mucosal dysplasia grade and so on. With the development of molecular biology, surgical margin study at molecular level can give us a new strategy to evaluate its adequacy.

The relationship between circadian clock gene Per2 and VEGF, cyclin D1 expression in esophageal cancer / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore the expression of circadian clock gene Per2 in the tissue of esophageal cancer and the relevance between VEGF,cyclin D1.Methods 80 cases with esophageal cancer who received surgical treatment and pathological specimens preserved were selected,and the normal tissues adjacent to carcinoma were used as control.The expression of Per2,VEGF and cyclin D1 were detected by immunohistochemistry,and the data were analyzed.Results Compared the tissue adjacent to carcinoma with carcinoma tissue,Per2,VEGF and cyclin D1 expression had statistically significant differences(x2 =26.86,24.34,23.72,all P ＜0.01).Per2 expression in different differentiation degree and the TMN stages had statistically significant differences (x2 =6.45,7.77,all P ＜ 0.05) ;cyclin D1 expression in lymph node metastasis and TMN stages had statistically significant differences(x2 =12.99,8.99,all P ＜ 0.01) ;VEGF expression in lymph node metastasis and TMN stages had statistically significant differences(x2 =6.68,6.14,all P ＜ 0.01).Per2 expression was negatively correlated with VEGF,cyclin D1 expression (r =-0.644,-0.523,all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Clock gene Per2 and VEGF,cyclin D1 expression in esophageal cancer has certain correlation,it can be a prognostic indicator of esophageal cancer.

Expression of circadian gene Per2 and VEGF in NSCL tissue and its clinical significance / 中国基层医药

Objective To detect the expression of Per2 and VEGF in NSCLC tissue,and analyze its clinical significance.Methods The expression of Per2 and VEGF was measured in 60 NSCLC and 20 normal lung tissue by immunohistochemistry assay,then the relation with clinicopathological parameters was analyzed.Results The positive expression rate of Per2 in NSCLC and in normal lung tissue were 71.7％ and 95.0％ ( x2 =4.683,P ＜0.05 ),while the positive expression rate of VEGF were 58.3％ and 15％ (x2 =11.295,P ＜ 0.01 ).The negative expression of Per2 in NSCLC was correlated with pathological differentiation or TNM stage( x2 =4.413,6.179,all P ＜0.05),while the positive expression of VEGF in NSCLC was correlated with pathological differentiation or lymphatic metastasis (x2 =6.524,P ＜ 0.05 ).The expression of Per2 was negatively correlated with the expression of VEGF in NSCLC (r =-0.381,P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion The overexpression of VEGF in NSCLC may contribute to invasion and metastasis,while Per2 may be a beneficial prognosis factor in patients with NSCLC.