Impact of a Novel Homeopathic Complex Medicine on the Management of Multiple Antibiotic-Resistant Bovine Mastitis: An Open-Label, Non-Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Bovine mastitis is characterized by an inflammatory process in the mammary gland and represents one of the main diseases affecting a dairy herd. Management of mastitis is most commonly via antibiotics, but the rising incidence of multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) means that additional options are needed. Homeopathic products can be administered in dairy farming for a range of clinical reasons and may be preferential due to the absence of residues. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the potential of a novel homeopathic complex medicine in managing bovine mastitis. METHODS: Twenty-four lactating Holstein cows with mastitis were divided into two groups: the homeopathic complex group received a homeopathic complex daily for 60 days at a dose of 20 g/d; the placebo group received the calcium carbonate vehicle without homeopathic medicines at the same dose and repetition. The main outcome measure was somatic cell count (SCC; cells/mL), with additional outcome measures including milk production (kg/d), milk constituents (percentage of protein, fat, lactose and total milk solids), and serum levels of cortisol, glucose, ammonia and lactic acid. All outcomes were measured at the beginning of the study and after 30 and 60 days. Milk samples were also collected from all animals at the beginning of the study, confirming a high (>0.2) MAR index for isolated bacterial cultures. RESULTS: Assessment of SCC showed a statistically significant difference favoring the homeopathic complex versus placebo group at day 60. A reduction in serum cortisol levels and an increase in fat, lactose and total milk solids in animals treated with the homeopathic complex at day 60 were also seen. Other outcome measures did not show statistically significant inter-group differences. CONCLUSION: The results of this non-randomized, open-label, placebo-controlled trial suggest the potential for a novel homeopathic complex medicine in management of multiple antibiotic-resistant bovine mastitis, thus offering dairy farmers an additional option to antibiotics and making dairy products safer for consumer health and milk production more sustainable.

Alterações urinárias em cães com diabetes mellitus / Urinary alterations in dogs with diabetes mellitus / Alteraciones urinarias en perros con diabetes mellitus

A diabetes mellitus (DM) é uma doença comum na rotina veterinária, de caráter multifatorial, gerando graves consequências na saúde dos pacientes acometidos. O diagnóstico é possível por meio de manifestações clínicas apresentadas e da realização de exames laboratoriais complementares. Entre esses exames, estão a dosagem da glicose sérica e a urinálise, as quais trazem ao clínico diversas informações, que podem ser correlacionadas aos demais achados, tornando possível o diagnóstico conclusivo de DM. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as alterações urinárias e de glicemia em cães com DM. Para isto, foram analisados laudos de amostras urinárias e de glicose sérica de 15 animais, onde o diagnóstico foi conclusivo para DM. Verificou-se presença de glicosúria em 100% dos casos, sendo observado em 66,67% das amostras glicosúria maior que 1000 mg/dL e, em 33,33% amostras, de 500 mg/dL; a cetonúria esteve presente em 66,67 %; proteinúria em 66,67% e bacteriúria presente em 73,33 dos dados analisados. Já a hiperglicemia foi constatada em 13 pacientes (86,67%). Assim, conclui-se que a urinálise é um exame de suma importância para o estabelecimento do diagnóstico, da melhor terapêutica para cada caso e do prognóstico dos pacientes.(AU)

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common disease on the veterinary routine. It has a multifactorial character generating severe consequences on the health of the patient. It can be diagnosed by clinical manifestations and by making additional laboratory tests. These tests include the measurement of serum glucose and urinalysis, which provides the physician with additional information to be correlated with other findings, in order to reach a conclusive diagnosis of DM. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating urinary and glycemic alterations in dogs with DM. It analyzed reports of urine and serum glucose samples from 15 animals with a conclusive diagnosis for DM. Glycosuria was present in 100% of the cases. In addition, it was also observed that in 66.67% of the samples, glycosuria was higher than 1000 mg/dL, and in 33.33%, it was 500 mg/dL. Ketonuria was present in 66.67% of the samples, while proteinuria was observed in 66.67%. Bacteriuria was present in 73.33% of the samples on the analyzed data. Hyperglycemia was observed in 13 of these patients (86.67%), and thus, it can be concluded that urinalysis is an extremely important test for diagnosis, to choose the best therapy for each case and prognosis of the patients.(AU)

Diabetes mellitus (DM) es una enfermedad común en la rutina veterinaria, con un carácter multifactorial, que genera graves consecuencias en la salud de los pacientes afectados. El diagnóstico es posible a través de las manifestaciones clínicas presentadas y mediante realización de pruebas de laboratorio complementarias. Entre esas pruebas, están la medición de la glucosa en suero y el análisis de orina, que brindan al médico informaciones diversas que pueden ser correlacionadas a otros hallazgos, lo que permite hacer un diagnóstico concluyente de DM. Por lo tanto, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar las alteraciones urinarias y glucémicas en perros con DM. Para esto, se analizaron informes de muestras de glucosa en suero y orina de 15 animales, donde el diagnóstico fue concluyente para DM. La glucosuria estuvo presente en el 100% de los casos, observándose en el 66,67% de las muestras glucosuria mayor de 1000 mg / dL y, en el 33,33% de las muestras, de 500 mg / dL; la cetonuria estuvo presente en 66.67%; proteinuria en 66.67% y bacteriuria presente en 73.33 de los datos analizados. Se observó hiperglucemia en 13 de esos pacientes (86,67%). Por lo tanto, se concluye que el análisis de orina es una prueba extremadamente importante para establecer el diagnóstico, el mejor tratamiento para cada caso y el pronóstico de los pacientes.(AU)