ABSTRACT
Expression of Tlr2, Muc2, Defa genes in rat duodenal upon long-term gastric hypacidity (hypochlorhydria) and with multiprobiotic correction was investigated. Increasing of Tlr2, Muc2, Defa expression on the background of the intensification of lipid peroxidation in rat duodenal villus and crypt epithelial cells upon gastric hypoacidity was shown. The mRNAs patterns of genes mentioned above were shown to decrease or approach to control values as well as the level of lipid peroxidation products under the treatment of hypoacidic rats with the multiprobiotic. The data obtained may indicate involvement of genes Tlr2, Muc2, Defa in development of inflammation in the duodenum due to dysbiotic changes under conditions of prolonged hypochlorhydria.
Subject(s)
Achlorhydria/therapy , Dysbiosis/therapy , Mucin-2/genetics , Probiotics/pharmacology , Toll-Like Receptor 2/genetics , alpha-Defensins/genetics , Achlorhydria/chemically induced , Achlorhydria/genetics , Achlorhydria/microbiology , Animals , Duodenum/drug effects , Duodenum/metabolism , Duodenum/microbiology , Dysbiosis/chemically induced , Dysbiosis/genetics , Dysbiosis/microbiology , Gene Expression Regulation , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Male , Mucin-2/metabolism , Omeprazole/administration & dosage , Proton Pump Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Rats , Stomach/drug effects , Stomach/microbiology , Toll-Like Receptor 2/metabolism , alpha-Defensins/metabolismABSTRACT
Iron is an essential component of heme and hemoglobin, and therefore restriction of iron availability directly limits erythropoiesis. In the present study, we report a defect in iron absorption that results in iron-deficiency anemia, as revealed by an N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea-induced mouse phenotype called sublytic. Homozygous sublytic mice develop hypochromic microcytic anemia with reduced osmotic fragility of RBCs. The sublytic phenotype stems from impaired gastrointestinal iron absorption caused by a point mutation of the gastric hydrogen-potassium ATPase α subunit encoded by Atp4a, which results in achlorhydria. The anemia of sublytic homozygotes can be corrected by feeding with a high-iron diet or by parenteral injection of iron dextran; rescue can also be achieved by providing acidified drinking water to sublytic homozygotes. These findings establish the necessity of the gastric proton pump for iron absorption and effective erythropoiesis.
Subject(s)
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/etiology , H(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPase/metabolism , Point Mutation , Stomach/enzymology , Achlorhydria/metabolism , Achlorhydria/physiopathology , Achlorhydria/therapy , Amino Acid Substitution , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/diet therapy , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/prevention & control , Animals , Disease Models, Animal , Ethylnitrosourea/pharmacology , Female , H(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPase/chemistry , H(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPase/genetics , Intestinal Absorption , Iron, Dietary/metabolism , Male , Mice , Mice, 129 Strain , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Mice, Knockout , Mutagens/pharmacology , Osmotic Fragility , Protein Subunits/chemistry , Protein Subunits/genetics , Protein Subunits/metabolism , Stomach/pathologyABSTRACT
It is known, that long decrease in gastric secretion leads to the development of hypergastrinemia, dysbiosis and to pathological changes in digestive organs. Very important there is a search of ways to correction of these undesirable consequences. Long-term usage of omeprazole leads to metabolic disorders in periodontium tissues and salivary glands, such as development of NO-ergic system disbalance and activation of free-radical oxidation, that are positively corrected by multiprobiotic of new generation "Symbiter acidophilic".
Subject(s)
Achlorhydria/therapy , Mouth/drug effects , Periodontium/drug effects , Probiotics/therapeutic use , Salivary Glands/drug effects , Stomach/drug effects , Achlorhydria/chemically induced , Achlorhydria/metabolism , Animals , Anti-Ulcer Agents/adverse effects , Free Radicals/antagonists & inhibitors , Free Radicals/metabolism , Gastric Juice/metabolism , Gastric Juice/microbiology , Gastric Mucosa/metabolism , Gastrins/blood , Glycation End Products, Advanced/metabolism , Humans , Injections, Intraperitoneal , Male , Mouth/metabolism , Mouth/microbiology , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/metabolism , Omeprazole/adverse effects , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Periodontium/metabolism , Periodontium/microbiology , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Salivary Glands/metabolism , Salivary Glands/microbiology , Stomach/microbiologySubject(s)
Gastritis/therapy , Hyperbaric Oxygenation , Peptic Ulcer/therapy , Stomach/physiopathology , Achlorhydria/therapy , Aged , Chronic Disease , Female , Gastric Emptying , Gastric Juice/metabolism , Humans , Male , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Gastric Acid/metabolism , Gastritis, Atrophic/therapy , Gastritis/therapy , Hyperbaric Oxygenation , Peptic Ulcer/therapy , Achlorhydria/physiopathology , Achlorhydria/therapy , Adult , Aged , Chronic Disease , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Female , Gastritis, Atrophic/physiopathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Peptic Ulcer/physiopathologyABSTRACT
Previous reports of benign gastric ulcer with achlorhydria have recommended surgical removal of the ulcer, even though a malignant process had not been demonstrated. We report a patient with achlorhydria and a gastric ulcer who, at exploration 4 weeks after discovery, had only a healed ulcer. Its benign nature was demonstrated by endoscopic biopsies and cytology and confirmed at surgery. The patient has remained achlorhydric on follow-up and has not had further ulcers. We recommend that, after multiple endoscopic biopsies and cytology have adequately excluded a malignant process, a gastric ulcer be followed to complete healing, even in the presence of achlorhydria. If healing is incomplete by 6-12 weeks, surgical intervention should be contemplated, just as for more routine gastric ulcers.