Imperial nursing: cross-cultural challenges for women in the health professions: a historical perspective.

This essay briefly examines some of the cross-cultural challenges that faced nurses in the Philippines, India, and South Africa in the context of 19th and 20th century imperialism. During this time, nurses from colonizing countries served as agents of empire by helping to establish and reinforce American and European control in colonized societies. In doing so, they sought to instill the racial and gender hierarchies of their home countries in the colonial territories. But once these women moved to the colonies, they frequently found their preconceptions about femininity, sexuality, and race challenged in unexpected ways. The history of nursing in the age of empire is a story of good intentions mixed with cultural chauvinism, of professional rigor mixed with condescension, of devotion and generosity shaped and often distorted by ideas of gendered and racial conventions, and of ambitious reform crushed by an inability to think beyond the bounds of imperialism.

[The nursing process and the law of professional exercise]. / O processo de enfermagem e a lei do exercício profissional.

The necessity of the cientificity in the nursing's working process, pushed by the science's advance and enclosure in the job market, configured itself in the establishment of nursing's process. The purpose of this study was to analyze in the nursing's legal documents, the nurse's duty opposite the Brazilian society, in the perspective of the scientific methodology in the working process. In a historic approach, the laws and designation-laws that normalized the nursing usage in the period that the nursing process was being introduced in Brazil. We detected in the results that the nurses in the 1960's up to the 1980's saw themselves being pushed by the universities' contradictory collections, by the job market and the professional's exercise law, combining the administration care planning supervision and teaching.

Processo de Enfermagem como potencializador da prática da acupuntura / Proceso de Enfermería como potencializador de la práctica de acupuntura / Nursing Process as a potentializer of acupuncture practice

Resumo Objetivo Analisar a utilização do Processo de Enfermagem na prática da acupuntura, no período de 1997 a 2015. Método Qualitativo, com abordagem Histórico-Social, por meio da história oral temática aplicada a 20 enfermeiras especialistas em acupuntura, fundamentado na Sociologia das Profissões, de Eliot Freidson. Da análise temática, construíram-se duas categorias: Processo de Enfermagem como organizador da prática da acupuntura; e Desconhecimento da importância do Processo de Enfermagem na prática da acupuntura. Resultados A aplicação do Processo de Enfermagem na consulta de enfermagem, com foco na prática da acupuntura como cuidado e tratamento, possibilita uma atuação diferenciada, maior compreensão e reconhecimento diagnóstico, escolha mais adequada de técnicas favoráveis à qualidade e o bem-estar dos usuários, além de consolidar a sua utilização como prática especializada. Considerações finais O Processo de Enfermagem possibilita um avanço tecnológico aplicado na consulta de enfermagem, ao se implementar a acupuntura como tratamento e reabilitação, colaborando na evolução e prognóstico no atendimento, e uma estratégia facilitadora para a enfermeira acupunturista junto ao cliente.

Resumen Objetivo Analizar el uso del Proceso de Enfermería en la práctica de la acupuntura de 1997 a 2015. Método Cualitativo con abordaje Histórico-Social, a través de la historia oral temática aplicada a 20 enfermeras especializadas en Acupuntura, basado en la sociología de las profesiones de Eliot. Freidson. A partir del análisis temático se construyeron dos categorías: Proceso de Enfermería como organizador de la práctica de la acupuntura; y desconocimiento de la importancia del Proceso de Enfermería en la práctica de la acupuntura. Resultados La aplicación del Proceso de Enfermería en la consulta de enfermería con un enfoque en la práctica de la acupuntura como cuidado y tratamiento, posibilita un desempeño diferenciado, mayor comprensión y reconocimiento diagnóstico, elección más adecuada de técnicas que favorezcan la calidad y el bienestar de los usuarios, además de consolidar su uso como práctica especializada. Consideraciones finales El proceso de Enfermería permite un avance tecnológico aplicado en la consulta de enfermería con la implementación de la acupuntura como tratamiento y rehabilitación, colaborando en la evolución y pronóstico en el cuidado y una estrategia facilitadora para la Enfermera Acupunturista con el cliente.

Abstract Objective To analyze the use of the Nursing Process in the practice of acupuncture, from 1997 to 2015. Method A qualitative, with a Social-Historical approach, through thematic oral history applied to 20 nurses specialized in acupuncture, based on Eliot Freidson's Sociology of Professions. From the thematic analysis, two categories were constructed: Nursing Process as an organizer of acupuncture practice; and Unawareness of the importance of the Nursing Process in acupuncture practice. Results The application of the Nursing Process in the nursing consultation, focusing on the practice of acupuncture as care and treatment, enables a differentiated performance, greater understanding and diagnostic recognition, more appropriate choice of techniques favorable to the quality and well-being of users, and consolidates its use as a specialized practice. Final Considerations The Nursing Process enables a technological advance applied in the nursing consultation, when implementing acupuncture as treatment and rehabilitation, collaborating in the evolution and prognosis in the care, and a facilitating strategy for the acupuncturist nurse with the client.

El concepto de Reconocimiento y su utilidad para el campo de la enfermería / The concept of Recognition and its usefulness for the field of Nursing

OBJETIVO: identificar la relación existente entre el concepto de reconocimiento y su utilidad en el campo de la enfermería. METODOLOGÍA: se realizó un análisis de concepto utilizando la propuesta Walker y Avant, con la intención de examinar las características y atributos que definen el concepto de reconocimiento y su relación con la enfermería. CONCLUSIÓN: el concepto de reconocimiento posee características que favorecen la comprensión de fenómenos como la exclusión y discriminación a las que se ven expuestos los seres humanos y las comunidades. La enfermería no es ajena a estas problemáticas, pues debido a su constitución sociohistórica, el reconocimiento social ha sido escaso. En la actualidad, diversos movimientos promovidos por organizaciones públicas y privadas trabajan mancomunadamente a nivel global por una lucha de reconocimiento para la profesión

OBJECTIVE: to identify the relationship between the concept of recognition and its usefulness in the field of Nursing. METHODS: a concept analysis was carried out using the Walker and Avant proposal with the intention of examining the characteristics and attributes that define the concept of recognition and its usefulness in the field of Nursing. CONCLUSION: the concept of recognition has characteristics that favor the understanding of phenomena such as exclusion and discrimination to which human beings and communities are exposed. Nursing is not immune to these problems since due to its socio-historical constitution, social recognition has been scarce. At present, various movements promoted by public and private organizations are working together at the global for professional recognition

Judgment: the nurse's key to knowledge.

Recently, nursing has turned more of its attention to judgment and has given it a high priority for study. A significant part of that study asks: What is judgment? How is it made? Why is it important? The ancient Greeks discovered reason and then created enduring art that demonstrates it. Three nurses are excerpted from this literature to evoke and explain how judgment is made. Euryclea, Cilissa, and Medea's nurse also illustrate the personal commitment in judgment. Human beings depend on the nurse's judgment. They depend on the nurse as knower. Nurses are obliged to move from doubt and opinion towards knowledge and certitude. Judgment is the nurse's key to that knowledge.

The power of environmental adaptation. Florence Nightingale's original theory for nursing practice.

Florence Nightingale was a prolific writer. Her diaries, letters, monographs, and books remain as a part of her legacy. From these documents, her ideas, values, and beliefs in a wide range of topics can be identified. The philosophical basis of modern nursing is generally seen as Nightingale's most recognized contribution to societal change. In fact, her documents contain her philosophical assumptions and beliefs regarding all elements found in the metaparadigm of nursing. These can be formed into a conceptual model that has great utility in the practice setting and offers a framework for research conceptualization.

[The process of "sense-making" in nursing and in literature. Research and analysis of health care situations in several works of Russian authors of the 19th century]. / Il processo di "Sense-Making" nell'infermieristica e nella letteratura. Ricerca ed analisi delle situazioni assistenziali in alcune opere di autori russi dell'ottocento.

In this article the authors examine an aspect that is seldom considered in the contemporary nursing research in Italy. Beside the well-known process of "decision-making" happens, in every relief situation, a process of "sense-making". This process, more or less shared by the various protagonists involved, is similar to what happens in artistic experience. Object of this research is to show the process of "sense-making" through a critical analysis of some famous works of russian literature of the late nineteenth century: Lev Nikolaevic Tolstoj, The death of Ivan Il'ic' and The stories of Sebastopol; Fedor Michajlovic Dostoevsky, The idiot; Michail Afanas'evic Bulgakov, Morphine. The similes between literature and nursing in the analysis of the process of "sense-making" will suggest, at last, some general reflections for our matter: moreover the hermeneutic comprehension of the other and the constructivist approach in the use of nursing theories.

New horizons: Australian nurses at work in World War I.

More than 3000 nurses from Australia served with the Australian Army Nursing Service or the British nursing services during World War I. These nurses served in various theatres of war including Egypt, France, India, Greece, Italy and England. They worked in numerous roles including as a surgical team nurse close to the front working under fire; nursing on hospital ships carrying the sick and wounded; or managing hospital wards overrun with patients whilst dealing with a lack of hospital necessities. The skills and roles needed to be a military nurse significantly differed to the skills required to nurse in Australia.

Antecedentes de la terapia compresiva: el ‘método Baynton’ para el tratamiento de úlceras de la pierna / History of the compressive therapy: the ‘Baynton Method’ for the treatment of ulcers of the leg

El método Baynton o "cura Baynton" fue una técnica terapéutica de finales siglo XVIII que revolucionó el tratamiento conservador que hasta la fecha se aplicaba a la curación de las úlceras de la pierna. A través de la aplicación de un emplaste, un vendaje compresivo elástico en espiral y la movilización temprana de la extremidad, se lograron asentar las bases empíricas de lo que se conoce como "terapia de compresión". Se evidenció cómo la compresión mejoraba el edema, favorecía el ambiente húmedo logrando un efecto bacteriostático y cicatrizante sobre las úlceras tórpidas de la extremidad inferior, convirtiéndose en uno de avances médicos y de salud pública más importantes e innovadores de su época. Esta investigación representa uno de los escasos documentos que nos describen cómo fue evolucionando el conocimiento de la terapia de compresión para el tratamiento de úlceras crónicas de la extremidad inferior

The Baynton method or "Baynton cure" was a therapeutic technique of the late eighteenth century that revolutionized the conservative treatment that until the date applied to the healing of ulcers of the leg. Through the application of a dressing of diachylon, a compressive bandage pad spiral and the early mobilization of the extremity, it managed to settle the empirical bases of what is known as compression therapy. It is evident as the compression improved the edema, favored the humid environment and achieved a bacteriostatic effect and healing on the chronic ulcers of the lower extremity, becoming one of medical advances and most important public health and innovative of his time. This research represents one of the few documents that describe us as was evolving knowledge of the compression therapy for the treatment of chronic ulcers of the lower extremity

400 años de conocimiento enfermero: a propósito de la publicación de la Instrucción de Enfermeros de los Obregones / 400 years of nursing knowledge. Regarding the publication of the "Instruction of Nurses" of the Obregones

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Los paradigmas de la modernidad y posmodernidad y el proceso de cuidar en enfermería / Os paradigmas da modernidade e pós-modernidade e o processo de cuidar na enfermagem / The paradigms of modernity and post-modernity and the process of care in nursing

Esta es una reflexión acerca de los cambios paradigmáticos que han influido e influyen en la construcción de un proceso de cuidar en enfermería. Hemos tratado de delinear la profesión de enfermería en cada uno de los momentos históricos que transformaron el modelo científico, construyendo y reconstruyendo el conocimiento, la forma de hacer ciencia y el modo de cuidar en enfermería (AU)

Trata-se de um estudo reflexivo a respeito das mudanças paradigmáticas que influenciaram e influenciam a construção do processo de cuidar em enfermagem. Buscou-se delinear a profissão de enfermagem em cada um dos momentos históricos que transformaram o modelo científico, construindo e reconstruindo o conhecimento, a forma de se fazer ciência e o modo de cuidar em enfermagem

This is a reflective about the paradigmatic changes that have influenced and influence the construction of a nursing care study process. We attempted to delineate the nursing profession in each of the historical moments that transformed the scientific model, constructing and reconstructing knowledge, the way of doing science and how nursing care (AU)