[Myocardial infarct in diabetes mellitus patients. A long-term follow-up]. / Infarto de miocardio en pacientes con diabetes mellitus. Seguimiento a largo plazo.

The acute phase and long-term evolution of 249 patients diagnosed as having acute myocardial infarction and admitted to our hospital during the period 1981 to 1983, were studied. They were classified in 2 groups: A (non-diabetic patients) and B (diabetic patients). Several variables were analysed in order to determine the differences between both groups. The most accentuated being: diabetic patients, female sex, old age, blood hypertension history, cardiac failure, re-extended infarction. The inter-hospital mortality was higher in group B, mainly as a result of cardiogenic shock and left cardiac failure. An out-patients follow-up of acute phase survivors was carried out, between 1 to 96 months, with mean follow-up of 46.7 month in group A and 38.4 in group B, at 8 years the actuarial rate being 77.3% and 55.9% respectively. We conclude that diabetic patients with myocardial infarction register a higher long- and short-time mortality.

[Cardiovascular risk factors in a natural population. Study of Talavera de la Reina. Evaluation of smoking]. / Análisis de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en una población natural. Estudio de Talavera de la Reina. Evaluación del tabaquismo.

The Study of Talavera de la Reina analyzes the presence of several cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) in this city, by means of a cross-sectional study of the population within 1989 and 1990. In this paper, the results on tobacco consumption, as well as the correlation between tobacco consumption and several anthropometric and biochemical parameters, some of which are independent CVRF theirselves, are presented. Seven hundred and two people were evaluated, 332 men and 370 women, with ages between 20 and 79 years, and were randomized according to the current population census. We have carried out a survey to assess smoking habits; physical examination to measure weight and height, systolic and diastolic arterial pressure, blood analysis including total cholesterol, C-HDL, triglycerides and glucose. C-LDL was obtained using the Friedewald-Fredickson formula. Smoking habits among the younger female population is almost equal to male population. Compared by age groups and similar sex, no significant differences were observed related to anthropometric and biochemical parameters between smokers and non-smokers. The lipidic profile of non-smokers against moderate/heavy smokers (smoking 10 or more gr/day) was compared. The presence of an atherogenic profile in 30 to 39-year-old men and in 40 to 49-year-old women was verified, as well as the lower C-HDL levels among younger smokers of both sexes. This provides tobacco with an added value, as it increases the impact of other CVRF in key ages for the pathogenicity of arteriosclerosis.

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