A study on diagnostic performance of different immunohematological diagnostic tests in assessing the prevalence of ABO Hemolytic Disease of Newborn in the antenatal O group mothers and their neonatal outcome in a tertiary care hospital in Northern India.

BACKGROUND: Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) results in the decreased lifespan of the red cells. HDN related to ABO incompatibility is mostly unnoticed because routine screening is not being done. This study was done to assess the prevalence of ABO-HDN and to compare different immunohematological tests. Methods-In this study 213 O group mothers and the 122 ABO-incompatible newborns born to them were included. Quantifying the maternal IgG anti-A/anti-B antibody titer was done by Conventional Tube Technique (CTT) using Dithiothreitol (DTT) pretreated maternal serum. Hemolysin test was performed on the mothers having titer > 256. These cases were followed up and, after delivery, were monitored for ABO HDN, along with direct antiglobulin testing and elution studies. The prevalence of ABO-HDN was calculated, and the different diagnostic parameters of the tests were calculated. Results- The prevalence of ABO-HDN in our population was estimated to be 1.7%, 6.1% & 10.6% in our population, O group mothers, and O group mothers with ABOincompatible newborns, respectively. Maternal titer≥ 512 strongly correlated with ABOHDN. DAT positivity is a good predictor of ABO-HDN, especially using sensitive techniques. Maternal IgG titers have the highest sensitivity & Negative Predictive Value, while DAT has the highest specificity & Positive Predictive Value. Conclusion - Maternal ABO antibody titration may be advocated in the centers to identify high-risk groups. It can advocate institutional delivery and dedicated follow-up of newborns with ABO-HDN. Blood grouping & DAT may be performed in all newborns born to O blood group to identify high-risk cases.

Comparison of the Outcomes of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery and Traditional Recovery Pathway in Robotic Hysterectomy for Benign Indications: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of the implementation of the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program in patients undergoing robotic hysterectomy for benign indications in comparison with conventional management. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING: North Indian tertiary care hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Patients aged 40 to 60 years willing to sign the informed written consent were included, whereas cases with contraindications for neuraxial anesthesia were excluded. A total of 130 subjects undergoing robotic hysterectomy were divided into ERAS (n = 65) and conventional (non-ERAS) (n = 65) groups. INTERVENTIONS: Components of the ERAS protocol included preoperative counseling, carbohydrate loading, early removal of catheter, and early ambulation. Both groups underwent optimization of medical conditions, standardized anesthesia, and venous thromboembolism prophylaxis. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Outcome measures included length of hospital stay (LOHS), time to tolerance of diet, postoperative complications, readmission rates, and quality of life assessed by WHO-QOL BREF. Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups. ERAS group showed significantly lower docking time (4.82 ± 0.73 vs 5.31 ± 0.92 minutes), faster tolerance of diet (0.14 ± 0.35 vs 1.14 ± 0.35 days), and earlier resumption of ambulation (0.42 ± 0.5 vs 1.26 ± 0.44 days). Time for "fit for discharge" (1.43 ± 0.61 vs 2.97 ± 1.1 days) and LOHS (2.85 ± 1.09 vs 3.78 ± 1.29 days) were significantly lower in the ERAS group. Postoperative complications and readmission rates were comparable. Quality-of-life scores favored the ERAS group at postoperative days 1 and 30. CONCLUSION: The combination of ERAS and robotic surgery improves patient outcomes, shortens hospital stays, and enhances postoperative recovery without increasing complications. This research serves as a pioneering effort in assessing the impact of ERAS on robotic hysterectomy for benign indications, providing valuable insights for future multicentric studies and supporting the integration of ERAS protocols to enhance patient outcomes and quality of life.

Impact of uterine weight on surgical outcomes in robotic hysterectomy: An ambispective analysis.

BACKGROUND: Robot-assisted surgeries are increasingly used for the treatment of benign gynaecological conditions. However, their impact in cases of significantly enlarged uteruses remains uncertain. This study aims to investigate whether the weight of the uterus influences the surgical results of robotic hysterectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Ambispective analysis of 306 cases was performed, of which 265 cases were analysed retrospectively. The outcome measures included total operative time, including docking time, console time and vault closure time, complication rates and quality of life (World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief questionnaire) stratified based on uterine sizes into three groups by every 250 g. RESULTS: Of the 306 cases, 76.47% of cases (n = 234) had uterine weight <250 g, 18.30% of cases (n = 56) had uterine weight between 250 and 500 g, while 5.23% of cases (n = 16) had a weight of uterine specimen >500 g. The total operative time was significantly lower in the <250 g group compared to >500 g (81.92 ± 22.81 vs. 111.88 ± 40.27 min; P = 0.003), contributed primarily by the console time. Although the need for post-operative blood transfusion was higher in the >500 g group, the overall complication rate between the three groups was similar. The three groups had comparable QOL through all four domains. CONCLUSION: The present study underscores the influence of uterine weight on robotic hysterectomy outcomes, revealing increased operative times and post-operative haemoglobin drop for uteri over 500 g. Despite these challenges, complications were not significantly affected by uterine size.

Obstetric and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with COVID-19: an interim analysis.

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has affected the health-care system worldwide. The effect of COVID-19 on obstetric and perinatal outcomes is yet to be completely ascertained. A hospital-based prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, AIIMS Rishikesh from July to December 2020. A total of 60 COVID-positive pregnant women were included. Obstetric and perinatal outcomes were compared with 60 COVID-negative pregnant women. A subgroup comparison was also performed between symptomatic and asymptomatic pregnant women with COVID-19. Majority of COVID-positive pregnant women were asymptomatic (81.7%). Eleven patients were symptomatic, out of which 9 (15%) had mild disease and only 2 (3.3%) had severe pneumonia. There was an increased likelihood of early pregnancy loss (5%), oligohydramnios (21.7%), preterm birth (31.7%), and cesarean section (53.3%). The occurrence of preterm birth was significantly higher in symptomatic women than asymptomatic women (p = .01). Oligohydramnios was significantly more frequent in COVID-positive than COVID-negative pregnant women (p = .048). Preterm birth and cesarean rate were slightly higher in COVID-positive group but the difference was not statistically significant. Other obstetric outcomes were comparable in both groups. The majority of women with COVID-19 infection in pregnancy remain asymptomatic or have mild symptoms. Still, it may lead to maternal death and poor fetal outcomes in form of early pregnancy loss, prematurity, oligohydramnios, intrapartum fetal distress, and increased cesarean rate. Therefore, COVID-19 preventive measures should be strictly implemented and followed.

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among women with different PCOS phenotypes - a prospective study.

OBJECTIVE: To study prevalence of different polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) phenotypes in our population and to compare the anthropometric measurements and metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors among different phenotypes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two hundred and forty-eight PCOS women were prospectively classified into four phenotypes based on Rotterdam criteria, over a period of 18 months from June 2018 to November 2019. MetS was defined as per International diabetes federation consensus held in 2009. To evaluate the prevalence of MetS, we measured serum triglyceride levels, HDL cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, blood pressure, and waist circumference. RESULTS: The mean age group of the study population was 23.16 ± 4.42, with maximum cases belonging to 20-25 years age group (40.72%). The prevalence of Phenotypes A, B, C, and D were 36.7%, 10.1%, 4.4%, and 48.8%, respectively. Phenotype D had the highest prevalence of MetS (14.9%). Phenotype A had significantly higher waist circumference, hip circumference, cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL values as compared to Phenotype D (p<.05). CONCLUSIONS: Phenotype A was at higher risk of adverse MetS risk profile. The overall prevalence of MetS was quite low as compared to similar Indian studies. A substantial proportion of study cohort had higher waist circumference (almost 60%) and lower HDL levels (88.70% cases), hence all women with PCOS should be screened for metabolic profile risk factors at a young age itself.

The effect of intrauterine misoprostol on blood loss during caesarean section.

Excessive bleeding during and after caesarean section is a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, especially in low resource countries. This study evaluates the effect of intrauterine misoprostol with oxytocin in comparison with oxytocin alone on blood loss during caesarean section. A retrospective data analysis of 160 women who underwent lower segment caesarean section was conducted. Eighty-five out of 160 (53%) women received tablet misoprostol 800 µg by intrauterine route after delivery of a baby in addition to routine oxytocin infusion (group A), while 75 women (47%) received only oxytocin (group B). Blood loss, Haemoglobin (Hb) difference (pre-operative Hb - post-operative Hb) and need of any other oxytocic were compared in both the groups. Demographic variables such as mean age, parity, and an indication of caesarean section were comparable in both the groups. Mean blood loss during caesarean section was lower in group A (680 ± 202 mL) than group B (740 ± 228 mL) (p = .08). Higher Hb difference was noted in group B (1.03 ± 0.83 gm%) than group A (0.93 ± 0.68 gm%) (p = .41). No patient required additional oxytocic and no patient had postpartum haemorrhage in both the groups. The use of misoprostol by the intrauterine route in addition to routine oxytocin infusion during caesarean section is associated with a clinically significant reduction in intra-operative and post-operative blood loss. IMPACT STATEMENT What is already known on this subject? The role of misoprostol in the prevention and treatment of haemorrhage during and after caesarean section is well known and well studied. It is a better alternative to oxytocin in low resource settings. Various routes of misoprostol, with or without oxytocin, and its effect on intrapartum and postpartum haemorrhage are described in the literature. Misoprostol is an autocoid substance and acts better if it is close to the target organ (uterus). The use of misoprostol by the intrauterine route during caesarean section has not been well explored. What do the results of this study add? The use of misoprostol by intrauterine route in addition to routine oxytocin infusion during caesarean section is associated with decreased intra-operative and post-operative -blood loss. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? The findings of this study reveal that misoprostol is also effective by the intrauterine route. It is a convenient way to insert misoprostol during caesarean section and it can be considered to prevent intrapartum and postpartum haemorrhage. More studies including randomised controlled trials with bigger sample size are needed to reach to any firm conclusion.

Large vulvar fibroepithelial polyp and review of differentials.

Vulval fibroepithelial polyps (FEPs) are a rare type of vulval fibroblastic tumour commonly found in premenopausal women. It is important to obtain an accurate pathological diagnosis because, despite being benign, the condition shares some characteristics with malignant vulva lesions in its differential diagnosis. We present a case of young woman in her 20s with a giant FEP. After surgical excision, the patient did not manifest any signs of recurrence after 1-year follow-up. Our review focuses on the distinguishing characteristics of these rare neoplasms as we explore their differential diagnosis.

Aggressive precursor B cell ALL of cervix with obstructive uropathy.

Involvement of the cervix with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is extremely rare. In this case report, we discuss an unmarried woman in her early 20s, who presented in the emergency with lower abdominal pain and irregular vaginal bleeding for 1 month. Clinical examination and imaging revealed a large cervical mass probably neoplastic with obstructive uropathy. On evaluation, she was diagnosed incidentally with CALLA-positive precursor B cell ALL in peripheral blood flow cytometry. Involvement of B cell ALL in cervical mass was confirmed by histopathological examination of cervical biopsy and immunohistochemistry markers. Her history was not suggestive of signs and symptoms pertaining to leukaemia. Literature is sparse with only a few cases reporting cervical leukaemic infiltration. The present case report is a rarest case where the primary/initial presentation of precursor B cell ALL was seen with cervical involvement and obstructive uropathy mimicking characteristics of advanced cervical malignancy.

Navigating the complexities of a forgotten double J stent.

Double-J (DJ) stents are most commonly used urological tools these days. Serious complications may occur when stents are left in place for longer duration. We present a case of a woman in her 40s with a forgotten DJ stent for 4 years, leading to complications such as encrustations, bladder and renal stone formation. The patient underwent a comprehensive endourological approach, including endoscopic cystolithotomy and left-sided percutaneous nephrolithotomy. The case highlights the importance of timely stent removal to prevent complications such as encrustations and stone formation. Patient education and counselling are crucial to avoid poor compliance and the associated risks of forgotten stents. This case underscores the significance of a multidisciplinary approach and emphasises the need for proactive measures to prevent such complications, including the implementation of a stent placement registry.

Carcinoma Endometrium Coexisting in Huge Procidentia.

Surgery remains the gold standard treatment for endometrial cancer. Vaginal approach is suitable for candidates with low risk for lymph node metastasis or in elderly females with extensive comorbidities, especially when surgery is done for palliative purpose only. We herein describe a case of cancer endometrium in huge procidentia, managed by vaginal hysterectomy followed by hormonal therapy.

Robotic-assisted Versus Conventional Laparoscopic Hysterectomy for Benign Gynecological Conditions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Minimally invasive gynecologic surgery is safe and feasible procedure for benign gynaecological conditions with less morbidity. Objective: To determine the best approach in benign gynecology and establish superiority of robotic over conventional laparoscopic hysterectomy in terms of safety and effectiveness. Methods: Search strategy: Electronic databases: MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL (the Registry of Controlled Clinical Studies of the Cochrane Collaboration), Google scholar, Pubmed and Scopus were searched from 2010-2022. Selection criteria: All randomized controlled trials and quasi-randomised trials which compared robotic versus conventional laparoscopic hysterectomy were included to conduct this systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate compared to traditional approaches. Results: Only five RCTs (326 patients in total) comparing robotic and conventional laparoscopic hysterectomy were included after a comprehensive literature search. Results of our analysis showed no clear benefit in any of the two techniques in operating time, estimated blood loss, length of hospital stay and overall complications. Conclusion: This systematic review suggests no statistical difference in surgical and patient outcomes between robotic and conventional laparoscopic hysterectomy relating to OT, EBL, LOHS, overall complications, and survival.

Uterovaginal prolapse complicated by urogenital myiasis.

Urogenital myiasis is a rare entity that is usually manifested in women belonging to lower socioeconomic status residing in tropical or subtropical nations with poor hygiene or intellectual disability. It is caused by fly larvae capable of penetrating body orifices and healthy or necrotic tissue. The larvae penetrate the skin, forming painful, inflammatory nodules that can form fistula to the internal organs or the skin's surface. Serous and haemorrhagic exudation, along with crawling larvae, are encountered. Some complications, such as secondary infection and tetanus, have been documented. The prognosis is generally good, and treatment consists of removing the parasitic larvae and thoroughly cleansing the affected area.We present a case of a postmenopausal woman with parity 3 and live issue 1 in her early 50s from lower socioeconomic status diagnosed with uterovaginal prolapse complicated by myiasis. The patient was managed successfully with systemic antibiotics, manual removal of myiasis and hysterectomy.

Effect of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) protocol on maternal outcomes following emergency caesarean delivery: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: With ever increasing rates of emergency caesarean deliveries (CD),incorporating the ERAS protocol might provide a perfect window of opportunity to increase maternal comfort during the postsurgical period, but also improve outcomes and facilitate optimal return of physiological function. Objective: To determine whether an ERAS pathway at emergency caesarean birth would permit a reduction in postoperative length of stay and improve postoperative patient satisfaction. Material & methods: Patients undergoing emergent caesarean delivery at ≥ 34 weeks of gestation were randomized to ERAS or conventional care. The primary outcome was to compare postoperative length of hospital stay. Secondary outcome variables included first oral intake, passage of flatus/defecation, first ambulation, first urination after catheter removal and postoperative pain scores in both groups. Results: We randomized 142 women (71 each in ERAS versus Conventional arm) undergoing emergency cesarean delivery. Incorporation of ERAS protocol resulted in shorter length of hospital stay (73.92 ± 8.96 in conventional arm vs 53.87 ± 15.02 in ERAS arm; p value <.0001). Significant difference was seen in visual analogue scoring during initial ambulation and rest on day 0 and day 1 between ERAS and conventional arms with mean scores being lower in ERAS arm compared to Conventional arm (p value <.05). In terms of quality of life, ERAS arm had better quality of life compared to conventional arm. Conclusion: Incorporation of ERAS protocol in emergency caesarean definitely improves patient outcome in terms of early resumption of activities with better quality of life.

Comparing Four Different Risk Malignancy Indices in Differentiating Benign and Malignant Ovarian Masses.

Background: Accurate prediction of ovarian masses preoperatively is crucial for optimal management of ovarian cancers. Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the risk of malignancy index (RMI) incorporating menopausal status, serum carbohydrate antigen 125 levels, and imaging findings for presurgical differentiation of benign from malignant ovarian masses and to evaluate the diagnostic ability of four different RMIs. Materials and Methods: Women presenting with ovarian masses from August 2018 to January 2020 were evaluated preoperatively with detailed history, examination, imaging, and tumor markers. RMI 1-4 was calculated for all patients. Evaluation of the diagnostic utility of four different RMIs for preoperative identification of malignancy was based on the increment of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Histopathological diagnosis was used as the gold standard test. Results: One hundred and twenty-one patients fulfilling the eligibility criteria were enrolled in this study. Benign tumors constituted 61 (50.4%) out of 121 cases, followed by malignant tumors and borderline tumors constituting 49 (40.49%) cases and 11 (9.09%) cases, respectively. The sensitivity of RMIs 1, 2, 3, and 4 was 77.0%, 63%, 77.0%, and 77.0%, respectively, and the specificity was 84%, 86%, 77%, and 71%, respectively. The RMI 2 had higher specificity at predicting malignancy than other RMIs while diagnostic accuracy was highest in RMI 1. Conclusion: The RMI method is a simple and cost-effective technique in preoperative differentiation of ovarian masses.

Anxiety, Depression, and Quality of Life Among Infertile Women: A Case-Control Study.

Introduction Pregnancy holds significant cultural and social value for women. However, women facing challenges in conceiving often grapple with emotional distress, including depression and anxiety. The connection between psychological elements (stress, anxiety, and depression) and infertility is complex, influenced by multiple factors, and bidirectional. Infertile women are more likely to develop mental illnesses, marital dissatisfaction, and impaired quality of life compared to the individuals of the fertile group. Thus, the study aimed to assess levels of anxiety, depression, and quality of life among infertile women compared to fertile women. Methods This case-control study conducted at a tertiary care center recruited 100 nulliparous women between the age group of 20 and 38 years with primary or secondary infertility, while those with male factor infertility were excluded. The control group (N=100) comprised normal parous women who had at least one child. The primary objective of the study was to assess the impact of infertility on the mental health and quality of life of women seeking infertility treatment. Outcome measures included standardized tools such as the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire to assess the quality of life across multiple domains (e.g., physical, psychological, social, and environmental) as well as the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) to measure levels of anxiety, depression, and stress. Cronbach's alpha was used to measure the tool's reliability. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Baseline sociodemographic parameters were comparable between the two groups. The mean age of infertile women was 30.6±3.9 years compared to 31.5±3.2 years in fertile women (P=0.076). Using the WHOQOL-BREF scale, we found that the quality of life was better in the fertile group compared to the infertile group through all the physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains (P<0.001). The infertile group had a significantly higher number of women with anxiety, depression, and stress. The questionnaires showed high internal reliability. Conclusion Infertile women experienced a lower quality of life in various domains, higher levels of anxiety, and increased rates of depression compared to fertile counterparts. The study findings underscore the multidimensional impact of infertility, emphasizing the need for comprehensive healthcare approaches to address the psychosocial challenges faced by women undergoing infertility treatment.

Scrub typhus in pregnancy - A threat to maternal and fetal outcome.

Background and Objectives: Scrub typhus is an acute febrile illness transmitted by the bite of trombiculid mite in the larval stage. Scrub typhus is rare in pregnancy and there is paucity of data on the clinical outcome of scrub typhus during pregnancy. Material and Methods: We present five cases of scrub typhus complicating pregnancy who were admitted in the obstetric ward at AIIMS Rishikesh, India during the antenatal period for management. Results: The first patient presented at term pregnancy in semiconscious state while the rest were preterm between 31 and 34 weeks period of gestation. The age at presentation was 21-31 years. All five had febrile illness of >5 days' duration along with cough. Fever investigations like blood culture, peripheral smear for malarial parasite, dengue serology, widal test, and urine culture were negative. Serology for scrub typhus was positive in all. Once diagnosis was confirmed for scrub typhus, patients were given the drug of choice azithromycin 500 mg twice daily for five days. Scrub typhus complicating pregnancy led to maternal mortality in one patient. It resulted in one preterm delivery, one intrauterine fetal death, and rest three were delivered at term with good perinatal outcome. Conclusion: Scrub typhus is common in endemic areas like Uttarakhand, India. It has a poor fetal outcome. If diagnosed early and treatment started, maternal and fetal prognosis can be favorable. As large case series are unavailable in literature, it is difficult to predict the course of disease which at times may be fulminant.

Cervical cancer awareness, knowledge, behavioural patterns, and practice of screening and vaccination in females of hilly regions of North India - A hospital-based observational study.

Aim: The mainstay of cervical cancer elimination and control is an effective screening and education program. The present study was conducted to assess awareness about cervical cancer, knowledge of cervical cancer symptoms, risk factors, screening and vaccination, attitude towards various aspects of cervical cancer, and screening and vaccination practices amongst women of Uttarakhand. Method: The present study was a prospective observational study. A total of 215 patients were recruited from Gynecology OPD, AIIMS, Rishikesh, from January to December 2021, and 195 women meeting the eligibility criterion were finally analyzed based on the KAP questionnaire interview method. Results: The study population had 40% illiterate participants. Of all participants, 87% were aware of cervical cancer as a disease entity, only 0.5% had good knowledge, and 99.5% had poor knowledge of symptoms, risk factors, screening, and vaccination for cervical cancer. 87% showed a favourable attitude. Only 1 out of 195 participants was ever screened previously, and none of them were vaccinated. Conclusion: The main hindrance in the context of hilly or challenging-to-serve areas is mainly the education and information services. The resource allocation to difficult health-inaccessible areas is required to bring a major change in practices for prevention of cervical cancer; this can be dramatically improved by population-based screening and vaccination programs at affordable prices.

Female sexuality across the menopausal age group: A cross sectional study.

Background: Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) is an important health issue and its relationship with menopausal symptoms needs special attention. Objective: To identify the frequency of FSD in middle aged women and assess its relationship with obesity and menopausal symptoms. Methods: This was a cross sectional study performed at a tertiary care centre in North India over a period of one year from June 2022 to May 2023. Sexually active women aged 40-55 years were included in the study sample. Exclusion criteria included those not willing to participate, having pregnancy, malignancy, mental illness or history of pelvic surgery. Baseline demographic and anthropometric details were noted. Sexual function and menopausal symptoms were assessed using Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) and Female Sexual Function Index Scale (FSFI) questionnaire respectively. Results: Among one hundred and forty three sexually active middle aged women, 43 women had FSD (30.06%). FSD was observed in 9.09%, 22.73% and 45.45% in- 40-45 years, 46-50 years and 51-55 years respectively. No significant difference was seen in desire (p value=0.281), arousal (p value=0.424), lubrication (p value=0.143), orgasm (p value=0.637), satisfaction (p value=0.675), pain (p value=0.833), total score (p value=0.601) between body mass index (kg/m²). A significant strong negative correlation of somatic, urogenital, psychological and total MRS scores with female sexuality domains was observed excepting non-significant mild negative correlation between somatic with pain and psychological with orgasm and pain. Conclusion: Female sexual dysfunction are quite common and has negative correlation with menopausal symptoms. Health care providers need to focus on this issue as part of their routine assessment for better quality of life.

Comparison of Sexual Function after Thermal Ablation Versus Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN 2 and 3): A Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: The prevention of cervical cancer can be achieved by treating high-grade cervical precancerous lesions. Treatment options for cervical precancer include excisional procedures, and ablation treatments. Despite the long pre-invasive course of the disease, literature addressing sexual function post-treatment for cervical pre-invasive lesions is scarce. This study aims to bridge this gap and assess the sexual function and the acceptability, efficacy, safety, and complications of loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) versus thermal ablation. METHODS: The prospective open-label randomized controlled trial recruited women aged 22-55 with histologically confirmed Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) 2 and 3 lesions. Participants were randomly allocated to either thermal ablation or LEEP. All cases were followed up with a Pap smear at three- and six-months post treatment. Sexual health assessments were conducted using a questionnaire at baseline and 3 months post-procedure. Secondary outcome measures included comparison of acceptability, pain, and side effects between the two treatment measures. RESULTS: Out of 1356 screened cases, 60 were included in the study and randomized in two groups. The groups had similar baseline characteristics. Duration of LEEP was longer than thermal ablation (25.33 vs. 20.67 minutes), with higher pain reported 10 minutes post-procedure in the LEEP group. Three months post-procedure, both groups showed comparable acceptability and symptom relief. Sexual function parameters significantly improved in the thermal ablation group compared to LEEP, including satisfaction, desire, lubrication, flexibility, and ability to reach climax. CONCLUSION: LEEP and thermal ablation are effective treatments for CIN with similar efficacy at 6 months. Thermal ablation demonstrated advantages in procedure time and post-procedural pain but exhibited varying effects on sexual function, improving satisfaction and desire. In contrast, LEEP showed a decrease in satisfaction and potential alterations in lubrication and flexibility. Larger-sample, longer-term studies are recommended for further insights.