RESUMEN
A follow-up study from 2005 to 2010 was carried out in two herds where eradication programme for the bovine herpes virus-1 (BoHV-1) infection depends on the vaccination with inactivated glycoprotein E-deleted vaccine that was started in 2001 following the vaccination with inactivated conventional vaccine between 1999 and 2001. For serological screening, a total of 12,976 sera sampled over several sampling times approximately 6 months of interval during 5 years (2005-2010) were tested for glycoprotein E (gE)- and glycoprotein B-specific antibodies using ELISA. According to the serological evidence, the long-term persistence of BoHV-1 antibodies, success of marker vaccine, first vaccination time of the calves in herds regularly vaccinated, etc. were discussed in this paper. In conclusion, the vaccination programme using gE (-) marker vaccines, with making efforts to prevent the other factors about transmission of infection, was suggested for the eradication of BoHV-1 infection in Turkey as many EU countries. This is the first report on the BoHV-1 eradication programme in some dairy cattle in Turkey.
Asunto(s)
Herpesvirus Bovino 1/inmunología , Rinotraqueítis Infecciosa Bovina/prevención & control , Proteínas Virales/inmunología , Vacunas Virales/inmunología , Animales , Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/prevención & control , Industria Lechera , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Infecciones por Herpesviridae/prevención & control , Infecciones por Herpesviridae/veterinaria , Rinotraqueítis Infecciosa Bovina/virología , Estudios Longitudinales , Proyectos Piloto , Turquía , Vacunación , Vacunas de Productos Inactivados , Vacunas Marcadoras/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Blood samples from sheep and/or goats from eight small ruminant flocks in the Turkish provinces of Aydin and Burdur were tested for the presence of Pestiviruses using an antigen-capture ELISA. From clinically affected animals, pathological and immunohistochemical findings were recorded. Post mortem examination of a virus-positive lamb showing abnormal fleece and paralysis of the hind legs revealed nonsuppurative meningoencephalomyelitis with hypomyelinogenesis. By immunohistochemistry Pestivirus antigen was detected in all parts of the brain including cerebellum, cerebral hemispheres and midbrain. Two Pestivirus isolates from a sheep and a goat kid, respectively, were isolated from samples that were positive in the antigen-capture ELISA. Genetic typing using the 5'-NTR (288bp) and N(pro) (738bp) showed that both were Border disease virus (BDV) isolates. By phylogenetic analysis, they formed a cluster clearly separated from the known clusters BDV-1 to BDV-6 and might therefore represent a new subgroup (BDV-7?). This is the first report confirming the occurrence and partial characterisation of BDV infection in small ruminants in Turkey.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de la Frontera/epidemiología , Virus de la Enfermedad de la Frontera/patogenicidad , Animales , Anticuerpos Antivirales/inmunología , Antígenos Virales/análisis , Antígenos Virales/sangre , Virus de la Enfermedad de la Frontera/clasificación , Virus de la Enfermedad de la Frontera/genética , Cerebro/virología , Genotipo , Geografía , Enfermedades de las Cabras/sangre , Enfermedades de las Cabras/epidemiología , Enfermedades de las Cabras/virología , Cabras/virología , Miembro Posterior/virología , Pestivirus/genética , Pestivirus/aislamiento & purificación , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Ovinos , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/sangre , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/epidemiología , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/virología , Turquía/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Serum samples of 15,909 cattle from 31 dairy herds located in various regions of Turkey were tested for the presence of antibodies against bovine leucosis virus (BLV) using Agar Gel Immuno-diffusion technique (AGID). 48.3% (15/31) of the herds had seropositive animals and positivity rates were detected from 0.5-34.4% in these herds. In an EBL control/eradication programme all seropositive animals were culled in the infected herds. Thereafter, a total of 74,347 sera were tested for the presence of BLV specific antibodies. The serological results and detail of EBL control/eradication programme were shown in this paper.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Leucosis Bovina Enzoótica/prevención & control , Virus de la Leucemia Bovina/inmunología , Factores de Edad , Animales , Bovinos , Industria Lechera/métodos , Leucosis Bovina Enzoótica/epidemiología , Femenino , Inmunodifusión/veterinaria , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , Turquía/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Nasal cells extracted from nasal swabs obtained from 95 cattle with signs of respiratory disease, out of eleven different herds, were tested for BHV-1, PI-3 virus, BRSV and BVDV using direct immunofluorescence technique. Viral antigen positive samples were detected in seven out of eleven herds examined. Of the 95 individual diseased cattle, 19 were found positive for at least one viral antigen. It was found that especially BHV-1 and PI-3 virus are important causative agents in cattle respiratory disease, both or in combination with other pathogenic agents. Multiple infection in virologically positive herds were observed in six (9.8%) of 61 animals tested. The findings reveal that single or multiple infections of selected viruses may be present in an important range in cattle and that direct immunofluorescence technique as a rapid method, based on the detection of viral antigen in nasal swab samples, is useful to establish the viral aetiology of acute bovine respiratory disease caused by these viruses, particularly in the diagnosis of mixed viral infections.
Asunto(s)
Diarrea Mucosa Bovina Viral/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/virología , Infecciones por Herpesviridae/veterinaria , Herpesvirus Bovino 1/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/veterinaria , Infecciones por Respirovirus/veterinaria , Respirovirus/aislamiento & purificación , Animales , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/diagnóstico , Virus de la Diarrea Viral Bovina/aislamiento & purificación , Técnica del Anticuerpo Fluorescente Directa , Infecciones por Herpesviridae/diagnóstico , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/diagnóstico , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/virología , Infecciones por Respirovirus/diagnósticoRESUMEN
We investigated bovine coronavirus (BCoV) as an etiological agent in cattle with clinical respiratory and digestive signs using 147 feces and 199 nasal swab samples. A total of 18 test samples (16 feces and 2 nasal swap samples) were detected positive by ELISA and/or RT-PCR targeting the BCoV N gene. The partial S1 gene regions of BCoVs (An-4 and An-11) detected in feces samples from two herd-mate dairy calves were compared. Virological and serological results indicated that BCoVs are widespread in Turkey and are likely etiological agents in diarrhea cases in calves.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos/epidemiología , Infecciones por Coronavirus/veterinaria , Coronavirus Bovino/genética , Glicoproteína de la Espiga del Coronavirus/genética , Animales , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/virología , Infecciones por Coronavirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Coronavirus/virología , Coronavirus Bovino/aislamiento & purificación , Coronavirus Bovino/metabolismo , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática/veterinaria , Heces/virología , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Nariz/virología , Filogenia , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN/veterinaria , Glicoproteína de la Espiga del Coronavirus/metabolismo , Turquía/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
The equid herpesvirus 2 (EHV-2) and 5 (EHV-5), identified agents of respiratory infections and keratoconjunctivitis cases in some equids, comprise a high degree of antigenic heterogeneity. Prevalence and genetic characterization of EHV-2 and EHV-5 strains from Turkey were investigated in this study. A total of 73 nasal swabs and 54 blood specimens were sampled from horses with respiratory tract diseases characterized by mucopurulent nasal discharge and occasional coughing. Overall, EHV-2- and EHV-5-specific DNA amplicons were obtained from 19.2% (14/73) and 21.9% (16/73) of horses tested by multiplex nested PCR. Sequences of EHV-2 and EHV-5 glycoprotein B (gB) gene were used in a phylogenetic analysis that included six EHV-2 and three EHV-5 isolates, which showed that the Turkish EHV-2 and EHV-5 strains have marked sequence divergence from European strains and from each other. Turkish EHV-2 isolates were divided into two distinct subdivisions, and a few isolates were located on a separate branch. This study provides the first epidemiological and phylogenetical report about EHV-2 and EHV-5 infections in Turkey.