OPEN-SOURCE SOFTWARE IN DENTISTRY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW.

OBJECTIVES: Technological development and the need for electronic health records management resulted in the need for a computer with dedicated, commercial software in daily dental practice. The alternative for commercial software may be open-source solutions. Therefore, this study reviewed the current literature on the availability and use of open-source software (OSS) in dentistry. METHODS: A comprehensive database search was performed on February 1, 2017. Only articles published in peer-reviewed journals with a focus on the use or description of OSS were retrieved. The level of evidence, according to Oxford EBM Centre Levels of Evidence Scale was classified for all studies. Experimental studies underwent additional quality reporting assessment. RESULTS: The screening and evaluation process resulted in twenty-one studies from 1,940 articles found, with 10 of them being experimental studies. None of the articles provided level 1 evidence, and only one study was considered high quality following quality assessment. Twenty-six different OSS programs were described in the included studies of which ten were used for image visualization, five were used for healthcare records management, four were used for educations processes, one was used for remote consultation and simulation, and six were used for general purposes. CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis revealed that the dental literature on OSS consists of scarce, incomplete, and methodologically low quality information.

Surgical extraction of impacted teeth in elderly patients. A retrospective analysis of perioperative complications - the experience of a single institution.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the most frequent complications and assess their overall rate associated with the surgical extraction of impacted teeth in an elderly patient population. BACKGROUND: Oral health needs of the elders are often associated with surgical procedures for the creation of appropriate conditions for any further prosthetic treatment. One such process is the removal of severely decayed, fractured or impacted teeth detrimental to the fit or appearance of dentures. While broken and decayed teeth leave little doubt for their removal, impacted teeth divide opinion, some extreme regarding their prophylactic removal and the appropriate age for the procedure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Material was selected from the archives of an Out-Patient Dental Surgery Clinic of the Regional Centre of Dentistry in Szczecin, from 2002 to 2013. The database was independently screened by two investigators according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. After selection process, all included records were screened using a data extraction form to obtain the necessary data. RESULTS: The total number of impacted teeth was 73, of which 29% were partially impacted. The overall complication rate was 24.6%. The most common complications were as follows: haematoma, nerve disturbances and local infections. CONCLUSION: Surgical extraction in patients above 60 years of age is fraught with a high risk of possible complications.

Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Analysis of Orbital Morphology Modification for Midface Correction Surgery.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to create an evidence-based three-dimensional cephalometric analysis of orbits in order to perform time-efficient measurements of postoperative orbital morphology changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors used 23 (11 bilateral and 1 unilateral) anatomical landmarks. Based on these, 6 planes, 12 angular and 16 linear measurements were determined. A three dimensional analysis was performed twice by two observers on pre and post-operative computed tomography scans of six patients who had undergone midface advancement. The mean, minimal and maximal difference, as well as standard deviation (SD) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the inter- and intra-observer landmark selection reliability were calculated. Additionally, the mean, minimal, maximal difference and standard deviation between pre- and post-operative angular and linear measurements were calculated to examine a connection between the established measurements and any morphological change. RESULTS: The inter and intra-examiner accuracy of all landmarks for three axes was >0.9 ICC. Despite excellent inter and intra-examiner agreement (<2.49 mm ± 2.05 mm SD) for the landmark selection, linear and angular measurements showed a mismatch, the mean SD for angular measurements was found to be 8.2° and the linear 3.04 mm. DISCUSSION: The possible causes of linear and angular measurement discrepancies are discussed and the future direction for the development of three-dimensional cephalometric analysis of orbits proposed.

Photogrammetry and Its Potential Application in Medical Science on the Basis of Selected Literature.

Photogrammetry is a science and technology which allows quantitative traits to be determined, i.e. the reproduction of object shapes, sizes and positions on the basis of their photographs. Images can be recorded in a wide range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation. The most common is the visible range, but near- and medium-infrared, thermal infrared, microwaves and X-rays are also used. The importance of photogrammetry has increased with the development of computer software. Digital image processing and real-time measurement have allowed the automation of many complex manufacturing processes. Photogrammetry has been widely used in many areas, especially in geodesy and cartography. In medicine, this method is used for measuring the widely understood human body for the planning and monitoring of therapeutic treatment and its results. Digital images obtained from optical-electronic sensors combined with computer technology have the potential of objective measurement thanks to the remote nature of the data acquisition, with no contact with the measured object and with high accuracy. Photogrammetry also allows the adoption of common standards for archiving and processing patient data.

A rare case of unilateral fibrous dysplasia of the condyle of the mandible. Diagnosis and therapy using an axiographic technique and digital X-ray ­ a case report.

Introduction: The aim of the paper is to present the diagnostic procedure and treatment of a female patient with dysfunction of the right temporomandibular joint, caused by fibrous dysplasia of the head of the right mandibular condyle. Material and methods: In the diagnostic process of bony structures digital radiography (Digora) was used. To examine the mobility of the mandible axiographic measurements were performed using the Cadiax (Gamma Diagnostic) device. Conclusions: These methods allowed the confirmation of the diagnosis and the determination of a treatment plan which included the use of a therapeutic appliance. The performed procedures had a positive therapeutic effect.

[Evaluation of stomatognathic system in BRCA1 gene mutation carriers before and after prophylactic adnexectomy--part I: evaluation of stomatognathic system in youth BRCA1 gene mutation carriers]. / Ocena stanu ukladu stomatognatycznego u nosicielek mutacji genu BRCA1 przed i po profilaktycznej adneksektomii--czesc I: ocena stanu ukladu stomatognatycznego u mlodych nosicielek mutacji genu BRCA1.

INTRODUCTION: Identification of abnormalities of stomatognathic organ can be useful in diagnostics of genetic disorders including genetic syndromes with predisposition to malignancy. Until now, no studies have been performed in order to find whether BRCA1 gene mutation might correlate with stomatognathic abnormalities. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether any characteristic changes within masticatory system may be found in healthy BRCA1 gene mutation carriers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty BRCA1 gene female mutation carriers aged 21-39 years, citizens of Szczecin, have been studied. The studied women were healthy patients of the Hereditary Cancer Center, Szczecin, Poland, who never underwent any chemoprevention or prophylactic adnexectomy. The control group constituted 60 healthy, age-matched, randomly selected females from general practitioner offices of the Szczecin Shipyard Outpatient Department "Porta Medyk Sp. z o.o.". The complete dental exam was performed in all studied women. Additionally, panoramic radiograms were performed. RESULTS: The significant differences between studied and control groups have been found in the frequency of malocclusion and in the status of periodontium. Significantly more sextants with periodontal pockets 4-5 mm deep were found in the group of patients with mutation than in the control group. The incidence of moderate and severe malocclusion was more than twofold lower in the BRCA1 group when compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS: It supports conclusion that incidence of moderate and severe malocclusion is at least not increased among BRCA1 carriers. For the rest of the studied parameters significant differences between studied and control groups were not found.

[Evaluation of stomatognathic system in BRCA1 gene mutation carriers before and after prophylactic adnexectomy--part II: evaluation of stomatognathic system in BRCA1 gene mutation carriers after prophylactic adnexectomy]. / Ocena stanu ukladu stomatognatycznego u nosicielek mutacji genu BRCA1 przed i po profilaktycznej adneksektomii--czesc II: ocena stanu ukladu stomatognatycznego u nosicielek mutacji genu BRCA1 po profilaktycznej adneksektomii.

INTRODUCTION: Prophylactic adnexectomy is widely used for cancer risk reduction in women with BRCA1 gene mutations. Adnexectomy significantly reduces ovarian/ salpinx/peritoneum cancer risk to 5% and breast cancer risk to 30-40%. The aim of the study was evaluation of influence of prophylactic adnexectomy in BRCAI gene female mutation carriers on stomatognathic system. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty BRCA1 gene female mutation carriers aged 43-56 years, patients of the Hereditary Cancer Center in Szczecin, one year after prophylactic adnexectomy have been studied. The control group consisted the same patients, but had been studied before adnexectomy. Females with BRCA1 gene mutations have not received any hormone replacement therapy since the adnexectomy. They were divided into 2 subgroups: Y--women before menopause and Z--women aftermenopause. The complete dental exam was performed in all patients. Additionally, panoramic radiograms were performed. RESULTS: Patients after prophylactic oophorectomy revealed higher rates of periodontal pockets 4-5 mm deep and increase of complaints such as: gingival bleeding following brushing, oral dryness and burning. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, especially premenopausal women with BRCA1 gene mutations after surgical menopause should use short-term hormone replacement therapy to alleviate oral discomfort. Short-term hormone replacement therapy use does not negate the protective effect of prophylactic adnexectomy on breast cancer risk reduction in BRCA1 gene mutation carriers.