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1.
Br Poult Sci ; 64(4): 448-455, 2023 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37132515

RESUMEN

1. Comprehensive knowledge of innate fear in chickens has important implications for understanding the adaptation of native Japanese chickens in modern production and behavioural changes caused by modern breeding goals. Innate fear behaviour seen in chicks from six native Japanese chicken breeds;, Ingie (IG), Nagoya (NAG), Oh-Shamo (OSM), Tosa-Jidori (TJI), Tosa-Kukin (TKU) and Ukokkei (UK), were compared with those in two lines of White Leghorn (WL-G and WL-T) in tonic immobility (TI) and open field (OF) tests.2. TI and OF tests were conducted for 267 chicks at 0-1 days of age in the eight breeds. Raw data for four TI traits and 13 OF traits were corrected for environmental factors. Breed differences were analysed by the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Steel Dwass post hoc test. Principal component (PC) analyses were conducted.3. The results showed that OSM was the least sensitive to fear in both the TI and OF tests. The WL-G birds showed higher sensitivity to TI fear but lower sensitivity to OF fear. The PC analysis of OF traits classified the tested breeds into three groups: least (OSM and WL-G), moderate (IG, WL-T, NAG, TJI and TKU) and most sensitive (UK).


Asunto(s)
Conducta Animal , Pollos , Animales , Pollos/genética , Miedo , Fenotipo
2.
Pharmazie ; 76(2): 114-118, 2021 02 25.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33714289

RESUMEN

Introduction: Considering the physique of the Japanese population, the standard daily vancomycin dose of 2 g/day and doses ≥ 3 g/day are high in terms of dose per body weight. Studies have reported that administering high-dose vancomycin to achieve a high target trough concentration has been associated with nephrotoxicity. The risk of high-dose vancomycin-associated nephrotoxicity is believed to be exceptionally high for Japanese patients because of their relatively low body weights, but data on the population is lacking. In this retrospective study, we aimed to evaluate risk factors associated with nephrotoxicity in Japanese patients treated with vancomycin. Methods: We examined the medical records of 107 Japanese patients who received vancomycin (3 to 4 g/day). They were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of nephrotoxicity, and their demographics and clinical characteristics were compared. Results : The incidence of nephrotoxicity in patients receiving high-dose vancomycin was 13%. Age (≥ 60 years) and concurrent use of piperacillin/tazobactam were independent risk factors for vancomycin-associated nephrotoxicity (P = 0.027 and 0.017, respectively). Conclusions : We conclude that the nephrotoxicity risk of high-dose vancomycin in Japanese patients is not excessively high when administered within the confines of a therapeutic drug-monitoring program. However, special care must be taken with patients who are older or on concurrent piperacillin/tazobactam therapy.


Asunto(s)
Lesión Renal Aguda/inducido químicamente , Antibacterianos/administración & dosificación , Antibacterianos/efectos adversos , Vancomicina/administración & dosificación , Vancomicina/toxicidad , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Humanos , Japón , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Riñón/lesiones , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo
3.
Osteoporos Int ; 31(3): 515-524, 2020 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31728605

RESUMEN

The risk of vertebral fracture is unclear in end-stage renal disease. We report a high vertebral fracture prevalence and incidence in transplantation-eligible patients on dialysis, suggesting that these patients may benefit from radiographic screening for vertebral fractures. Parathyroid hormone had a U-shaped association with vertebral fracture risk. INTRODUCTION: Vertebral fractures are often overlooked, but even undiagnosed vertebral fractures negatively impact physical functioning, quality of life, and mortality. The risk of vertebral fractures in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients is unclear, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) might play a role in the development of vertebral fractures. We therefore determined vertebral fracture prevalence and incidence in ESRD patients and assessed associations of vertebral trabecular bone mineral density (BMD) and PTH with vertebral fracture. METHODS: In 146 transplantation-eligible patients on dialysis, we determined vertebral fractures on lateral chest radiographs, which image the thoracic and upper lumbar spine. We determined incident vertebral fractures in 70 patients with follow-up radiographs (23 received a kidney transplant) after median 1.8 years. Vertebral trabecular BMD was measured with computed tomography, and PTH measured with 2-site immunoassays, categorized in tertiles with the middle tertile as reference. We used Poisson regression to assess associations of vertebral trabecular BMD and PTH with vertebral fracture. RESULTS: Mean age of the study population was 52 ± 13 years, and 98 (67%) were male. Median dialysis duration was 26 (IQR 13-55) months. Vertebral fractures were present in 50/146 patients (34%) and incident vertebral fractures occurred in 20/70 patients (29%). Vertebral trabecular BMD was not associated with vertebral fracture prevalence (relative risk 0.97, 95% CI 0.89 to 1.04). For the lowest PTH tertile (< 11 pmol/L), the relative risk of vertebral fracture was greater although not significant (2.28, 95% CI 0.97 to 5.97) and was significantly greater for the highest PTH tertile (≥ 30 pmol/L; 2.82, 95% CI 1.22 to 7.27) after adjustment for potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence and incidence of vertebral fractures is high even in relatively young and healthy ESRD patients. Vertebral trabecular BMD is not associated with vertebral fracture, and the association of PTH with vertebral fracture risk appears U-shaped. Nevertheless, our study did not measure vertebral BMD using DXA and assessed vertebral fractures using lateral chest radiographs and not spine radiographs.


Asunto(s)
Fallo Renal Crónico , Fracturas de la Columna Vertebral , Adulto , Anciano , Densidad Ósea , Humanos , Incidencia , Fallo Renal Crónico/complicaciones , Fallo Renal Crónico/epidemiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Hormona Paratiroidea , Prevalencia , Calidad de Vida , Fracturas de la Columna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagen , Fracturas de la Columna Vertebral/epidemiología , Fracturas de la Columna Vertebral/etiología
4.
Osteoporos Int ; 31(1): 13-29, 2020 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31720721

RESUMEN

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are more likely to experience falls and fractures due to renal osteodystrophy and the high prevalence of risk factors for falls. However, it is not well established how great the risk is for falls and fractures for the different stages of CKD compared to the general population. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess whether, and in which degree, CKD was associated with falls and fractures in adults. A systematic search in PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library was performed on 7 September 2018. All retrospective, cross-sectional, and longitudinal studies of adults (18 years of older) that studied the association between CKD, fractures, and falls were included. Additional studies were identified by cross-referencing. A total of 39 publications were included, of which two publications assessed three types of outcome and four publications assessed two types of outcome. Ten studies focused on accidental falling; seventeen studies focused on hip, femur, and pelvis fractures; seven studies focused on vertebral fractures; and thirteen studies focused on any type of fracture without further specification. Generally, the risk of fractures increased when kidney function worsened, with the highest risks in the patients with stage 5 CKD or dialysis. This effect was most pronounced for hip fractures and any type of fractures. Furthermore, results on the association between CKD and accidental falling were contradictory. Compared to the general population, fractures are highly prevalent in patients with CKD. Besides more awareness of timely fracture risk assessment, there also should be more focus on fall prevention.


Asunto(s)
Accidentes por Caídas , Fracturas Óseas , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica , Accidentes por Caídas/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Anciano , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Estudios de Cohortes , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Fracturas Óseas/complicaciones , Fracturas Óseas/epidemiología , Humanos , Masculino , Medicare , Encuestas Nutricionales , Estudios Prospectivos , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/complicaciones , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/epidemiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Estados Unidos
5.
BMC Nephrol ; 20(1): 108, 2019 03 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30922246

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Maximal conservative management (MCM) may be an appropriate alternative option for dialysis in some elderly patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Evidence about the impact of dialysis or MCM on quality of life (QoL) in older patients is sparse. In the GOLD (Geriatric assessment in OLder patients starting Dialysis) Study the trajectory of QoL was assessed in patients starting dialysis or MCM. METHODS: Patients ≥65 years old were included just prior to dialysis initiation or after decision for MCM. Baseline data included demographics, frailty as measured with a geriatric assessment, comorbidity (CIRS-G) and QoL, measured with the EQ-5D-3 L (EQ-5D Index and overall self-rated health). Six months follow-up data included QoL, hospitalizations and mortality. Change of QoL was assed with paired t-tests. Cox-regression was used to assess survival of MCM and dialysis patients. RESULTS: The cohort comprised 192 dialysis and 89 MCM patients. The MCM patients were older (mean age 82 ± 6 vs. 75 ± 7 years, p <  0.01) and mean kidney function was better (eGFR 11.5 ± 4.0 vs. 8.0 ± 2.9 ml/min/1.73m2, p <  0.01). Baseline QoL did not differ significantly between the groups. After six months, EQ-5D Index did not improve significantly in the dialysis group with mean ± standard error (SE) 0.026 ± 0.014 (p = 0.10; not clinically relevant), but a small but clinically relevant decline was seen in the conservative group: 0.047 ± 0.022 (p < 0.01; between group difference p < 0.01). Hospitalization occurred in 50% of dialysis patients vs. 24% of conservative patients (p < 0.01). In patients over 80 years old, no survival benefit could be found for dialysis patients starting dialysis vs. MCM. CONCLUSION: A small decline of QoL was found for conservative patients, while QoL did not change in dialysis patients. However, hospitalization rate was higher in patients starting dialysis. In patients over 80 years, no survival benefit was found.


Asunto(s)
Tratamiento Conservador , Fallo Renal Crónico/terapia , Calidad de Vida , Diálisis Renal , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Comorbilidad , Tratamiento Conservador/efectos adversos , Tratamiento Conservador/métodos , Tratamiento Conservador/psicología , Autoevaluación Diagnóstica , Femenino , Evaluación Geriátrica/métodos , Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Fallo Renal Crónico/mortalidad , Estudios Longitudinales , Masculino , Países Bajos/epidemiología , Selección de Paciente , Diálisis Renal/efectos adversos , Diálisis Renal/métodos , Diálisis Renal/psicología , Medición de Riesgo/estadística & datos numéricos , Análisis de Supervivencia
6.
Transpl Infect Dis ; 16(5): 853-8, 2014 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25040797

RESUMEN

Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) is a common pathogen among children, classically presenting with fever and rash that resolves without specific therapy. HHV-6 can be reactivated in the immunosuppressed patient. After bone marrow and solid organ transplantation, HHV-6 has been linked to various clinical syndromes, including undifferentiated febrile illness, encephalitis, myelitis, hepatitis, pneumonitis, and bone marrow suppression. However, HHV-6 encephalitis after pancreatic transplant has rarely been reported. Early diagnosis and treatment of HHV-6 encephalitis may be important for affected patients. We report the case of a 53-year-old pancreas-after-kidney transplant recipient who initially presented with high fever and confusion 3 weeks after operation. We managed to save the patient's life and preserve the pancreas graft function. We also review previously reported cases of HHV-6B encephalitis in solid organ transplant recipients.


Asunto(s)
Encefalitis/virología , Herpesvirus Humano 6 , Terapia de Inmunosupresión/efectos adversos , Trasplante de Riñón/efectos adversos , Trasplante de Páncreas/efectos adversos , Infecciones por Roseolovirus/complicaciones , Antivirales/uso terapéutico , Encefalitis/diagnóstico , Encefalitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Femenino , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infecciones por Roseolovirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Roseolovirus/tratamiento farmacológico
7.
Int Urol Nephrol ; 2024 Jul 16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39012581

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: In older patients with kidney failure (KF) starting dialysis, there is a high rate of functional decline. Not much is known about the functional trajectory of patients receiving conservative kidney management (CKM). Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess this functional trajectory and explore clinical parameters associated with functional decline. METHODS: The functional trajectory of patients choosing CKM was evaluated using data from the Geriatric Assessment in Older Patients Starting Dialysis (GOLD) study, which included patients aged ≥ 65 years with KF at the moment of decision-making. Functional status was assessed using a combined score for activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (iADL) dependency at baseline and after six months of follow-up. Change in functional status was divided into improvement (gain of one or more domains in functional status), stable (no change), decline (loss of one or more domains in functional status), and death at follow-up. The association between functional status at baseline and functional decline after six months was assessed with chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test. Furthermore, caregiver experiences were explored using self perceived pressure of informal care (SPPIC) at baseline and 6-month follow-up. RESULTS: Follow-up data were available for 86 patients. Mean age was 82 ± 6 years and 43% were women. At baseline, 12% of the patients were independent, 55% were mild/moderately dependent, and 34% severely dependent. After 6 months of follow-up, 9% of all patients had improved, 35% remained stable, 41% had declined, and 15% had died. No significant associations were found between baseline characteristics and the composite outcomes. CONCLUSION: In patients aged ≥ 65 years receiving CKM, functional decline and death are highly prevalent. No association was found between poor outcome ("decline/death") and different potential risk factors.

8.
Poult Sci ; 92(11): 2860-5, 2013 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24135588

RESUMEN

Molecular markers are a useful tool for evaluating genetic diversity of chicken genetic resources. Seven chicken lines derived from the Plymouth Rock breed were genotyped using 40 microsatellite markers to quantify genetic differentiation and assess conservation priorities for the lines. Genetic differentiation between pairs of the lines (pairwise FST) ranged from 0.201 to 0.422. A neighbor-joining tree of individuals, based on the proportion of shared alleles, formed clearly defined clusters corresponding to the origins of the lines. In Bayesian model-based clustering, most individuals were clearly assigned to single clusters according to line origin and showed no admixture. These results indicated that a substantial degree of genetic differentiation exists among the lines. To decide priorities for conservation, the contribution of each line to the genetic diversity was estimated. The result indicated that a loss of 4 of the 7 lines would lead to a loss from 1.14 to 3.44% of total genetic diversity. The most preferred line for conservation purposes was identified based on multilocus microsatellite analysis. Our results confirmed that characterization by means of molecular markers is helpful for establishing a plan for conservation of chicken genetic resources.


Asunto(s)
Pollos/genética , Conservación de los Recursos Naturales , Variación Genética , Repeticiones de Microsatélite , Animales , Teorema de Bayes , Análisis por Conglomerados , Marcadores Genéticos , Genotipo , Filogenia
9.
Transfus Clin Biol ; 29(3): 243-249, 2022 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35476961

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: The International Haemovigilance Network's (IHN) ISTARE database collects surveillance data on all adverse reactions (AR) associated with transfusion of blood and blood components, facilitating the sharing of best practice and benchmarking for improving blood safety and quality. Up to 2012, no publications discussed certain rare AR. The aim of this study is to examine ISTARE data on AR from 2012 to 2016, focusing on hypotensive reactions, post-transfusion purpura (PTP), transfusion-associated graft versus host disease (TA-GvHD), hyperkalemia and hypocalcemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: National Haemovigilance Systems (HVS), provided aggregate annual data on AR by type of reaction, severity, imputability to transfusion, and blood component implicated. Twenty-nine HVS provided 104 annual reports covering 107,778,290 blood units issued. RESULTS: Among AR reported, 25% were serious, including 368 deaths. The 284 transfusion-transmitted infections included 187 bacterial infections, 84 viral and 13 parasitic or fungal; nine deaths resulted. AR related to the respiratory system transfusion-associated circulatory overload, transfusion-related acute lung injury and transfusion-associated dyspnoea accounted for 8.3% of all AR, 20.1% of serious, and 52.2% of deaths. Of 1634 rare AR, 1565 were hypotensive, 38 PTP, 17 GvHD, 9 hyperkalemia and 5 hypercalcemia. Half were serious and 16 fatalities were recorded (13 hypotensive, 2 GvHD, one PTP). Among 14 countries that reported any hypotensive AR, incidences diverged widely. CONCLUSIONS: ARs in this group are frequently severe or life-threatening. Hypotensive AR are the most common, but may have been overlooked and counted under allergic and other AR presenting with hypotension. Compliance with the ISBT definition may be suboptimal, thus its real incidence may be higher. Data on GvHD may contribute to clarifying the role of leukodepletion with or without irradiation. ISTARE continues to be a useful surveillance tool for all transfusion AR and provides relevant insights into overlooked and rare AR, thus offering important contributions towards maximising transfusion safety.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedad Injerto contra Huésped , Hiperpotasemia , Reacción a la Transfusión , Seguridad de la Sangre , Transfusión Sanguínea , Enfermedad Injerto contra Huésped/epidemiología , Enfermedad Injerto contra Huésped/etiología , Humanos , Hiperpotasemia/epidemiología , Hiperpotasemia/etiología , Reacción a la Transfusión/epidemiología , Reacción a la Transfusión/etiología
10.
BMJ Open ; 12(11): e064172, 2022 11 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36356997

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Starting dialysis not only has a major impact on the life of patients but also on their informal caregivers. Previous research shows greater burden and lower quality of life among caregivers of dialysis patients compared with the general population. Unfortunately, the evidence on the course of both positive and negative experience in caregivers of incident dialysis patients is scarce. Furthermore, well-designed, prospective, multicentre studies comparing caregiving of home dialysis patients with in-centre dialysis patients are lacking. This paper proposes a protocol to assess the trajectory of experiences (both positive and negative) and quality of life of caregivers of home dialysis patients compared with caregivers of in-centre dialysis patients. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This paper presents a protocol for a prospective, observational, multicentre cohort study which extends the ongoing Dutch nOcturnal and hoME dialysis Study To Improve Clinical Outcomes (DOMESTICO). This study will include at least 200 adult caregivers of patients who start dialysis therapy and have been included in the DOMESTICO study. Positive experiences of the caregivers will be the primary outcome parameter of this study, and negative experiences and health-related quality of life the secondary outcome parameters. Required support will be investigated as an exploratory finding. Outcome parameters will be assessed at baseline, and at 6 and 12 months after start of dialysis using validated questionnaires. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval for this study has been obtained from the Medical Research Ethics Committee of the Amsterdam University Medical Centre. The results of this study will be disseminated by publication in a peer-reviewed journal and through presentations at conferences and seminars.


Asunto(s)
Cuidadores , Calidad de Vida , Adulto , Humanos , Hemodiálisis en el Domicilio , Estudios de Cohortes , Estudios Prospectivos , Diálisis Renal , Estudios Observacionales como Asunto , Estudios Multicéntricos como Asunto
11.
Transpl Infect Dis ; 13(6): 551-8, 2011 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22093172

RESUMEN

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised renal transplant recipients. In recent years, PCP outbreaks in renal transplant centers have been reported in many countries. Person-to-person transmission between PCP patients and other recipients lacking prophylaxis is one of the possible sources of infection. To prevent infection, effective prophylaxis in susceptible patients is recommended. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is the most effective drug for PCP prophylaxis, but its recommended duration of use after transplantation varies among the different guidelines. The European Renal Association recommends a prophylaxis period of 4 months after transplantation, the American Society of Transplantation (AST) 6-12 months, and the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes guidelines 3-6 months. Lifelong prophylaxis with TMP-SMX is not recommended in renal transplant recipients; however, in many cases, PCP has occurred after the recommended prophylaxis periods after transplantation. In this minireview, we discuss the risk factors including environmental-nosocomial exposure; state-of-the-art diagnosis, treatment, prophylaxis and isolation; and references to the AST 2009 guidelines with the aim of integrating our experience with PCP outbreaks into recent reports, and we discuss how renal transplant recipients can be protected from PCP.


Asunto(s)
Trasplante de Riñón/inmunología , Pneumocystis carinii , Neumonía por Pneumocystis , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Profilaxis Antibiótica , Infección Hospitalaria , Humanos , Huésped Inmunocomprometido , Neumonía por Pneumocystis/diagnóstico , Neumonía por Pneumocystis/tratamiento farmacológico , Neumonía por Pneumocystis/epidemiología , Neumonía por Pneumocystis/prevención & control , Combinación Trimetoprim y Sulfametoxazol/uso terapéutico
12.
Anim Genet ; 42(6): 634-41, 2011 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22035005

RESUMEN

We performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses for egg production traits, including age at first egg (AFE) and egg production rates (EPR) measured every 4 weeks from 22 to 62 weeks of hen age, in a population of 421 F(2) hens derived from an intercross between the Oh-Shamo (Japanese Large Game) and White Leghorn breeds of chickens. Simple interval mapping revealed a main-effect QTL for AFE on chromosome 1 and four main-effect QTL for EPR on chromosomes 1 and 11 (three on chromosome 1 and one on chromosome 11) at the genome-wide 5% levels. Among the three EPR QTL on chromosome 1, two were identified at the early stage of egg laying (26-34 weeks of hen age) and the remaining one was discovered at the late stage (54-58 weeks). The alleles at the two EPR QTL derived from the Oh-Shamo breed unexpectedly increased the trait values, irrespective of the Oh-Shamo being inferior to the White Leghorn in the trait. This suggests that the Oh-Shamo, one of the indigenous Japanese breeds, is an untapped resource that is important for further improvement of current elite commercial laying chickens. In addition, six epistatic QTL were identified on chromosomes 2, 4, 7, 8, 17 and 19, where none of the above main-effect QTL were located. This is the first example of detection of epistatic QTL affecting egg production traits. The main and epistatic QTL identified accounted for 4-8% of the phenotypic variance. The total contribution of all QTL detected for each trait to the phenotypic and genetic variances ranged from 4.1% to 16.9% and from 11.5% to 58.5%, respectively.


Asunto(s)
Pollos/genética , Huevos , Sitios de Carácter Cuantitativo , Animales , Pollos/fisiología , Mapeo Cromosómico , Cruzamientos Genéticos , Femenino , Masculino
13.
Poult Sci ; 90(4): 725-30, 2011 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21406355

RESUMEN

Genetic differentiations among White Leghorn lines were quantified based on allele frequencies of 40 microsatellite loci. In the survey among 7 lines, a considerable degree of differentiation was estimated between each pair of lines; genetic differentiation index (pairwise F(ST)) ranged from 0.0706 to 0.2590. Furthermore, 2 genetic clustering analyses of individuals, a neighbor-joining approach based on interindividual distances and the Bayesian procedure, which can assign individuals to the origins of their lines based on information on multilocus genotypes, were applied to a pairwise comparison of line differentiation. In the clustering approaches between the lowest differentiated line pair (pairwise F(ST) = 0.0706), individuals from 2 different line origins could not be separated into 2 distinct clusters, which indicates that the genetic boundary of these lines is ambiguous. On the other hand, between the highest differentiated pair (pairwise F(ST) = 0.2590), all individuals could be strictly clustered into 2 distinct groups, consistent with the origins of their lines. In the clustering based on interindividual distances, firm separations of individuals were observed in only relatively highly differentiated pairs of lines. Furthermore, in the Bayesian procedure, even in pairs with a relatively low differentiation, individuals from 2 lines formed 2 distinct clusters according to their origins. The results of the present study suggest that chicken lines possess considerable genetic differentiation despite their common breed origin. These clustering approaches at the individual level may be useful for the genetic identification and characterization of poultry stocks.


Asunto(s)
Pollos/genética , Animales , Análisis por Conglomerados , Frecuencia de los Genes , Variación Genética , Genotipo , Repeticiones de Microsatélite , Familia de Multigenes , Polimorfismo Genético
14.
Neth J Med ; 78(3): 96-103, 2020 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32332183

RESUMEN

Decision-making in older persons with end-stagebkidney disease (ESKD) regarding dialysis initiation is highly complex. While some older persons improve with dialysis and maintain a good quality of life, others experience less benefit and multiple complications due to a high morbidity burden and (early) mortality. Geriatric impairments are highly prevalent among this population and these impairments may complicate the care of an older person with ESKD. Knowledge of these impairments can potentially help improve care and decision-making regarding dialysis initiation and advance care planning. Therefore, the aim of this review is to give healthcare providers an insight into the existing literature on geriatric impairments in older persons with ESKD. Furthermore, specific areas of concern will be discussed, in combination with some practical advice.


Asunto(s)
Toma de Decisiones Clínicas , Evaluación Geriátrica , Fallo Renal Crónico , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Servicios de Salud para Ancianos , Humanos , Masculino , Diálisis Renal , Medición de Riesgo
15.
Endoscopy ; 41(2): 179-82, 2009 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19214901

RESUMEN

Splenic tumors are occasionally found in clinical practice but the diagnosis is often difficult if only serologic and imaging tests are used. Therefore, pathologic sampling is required in such cases. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) provides a good image of the spleen through the gastric wall, and a transgastric EUS-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) biopsy may be easier than the percutaneous approach. Furthermore, a large-gauge needle may raise the capability of EUS-FNA for the histopathologic diagnosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the yield of EUS-FNA using a large-gauge needle for a splenic tumor. Five patients with splenic tumor were subjected to EUS-FNA with a 19-gauge needle to obtain histopathologic materials. A pathologic sample was obtained in all cases, and the diagnoses were lymphoma (n = 2), sarcoidosis (n = 2), and inflammatory pseudotumor (n = 1). EUS-FNA using a 19-gauge needle is safe and useful for the diagnosis of splenic tumors.


Asunto(s)
Biopsia con Aguja Fina/métodos , Endosonografía , Granuloma de Células Plasmáticas/patología , Linfoma/patología , Sarcoidosis/patología , Enfermedades del Bazo/patología , Anciano , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Granuloma de Células Plasmáticas/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Linfoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Agujas , Proyectos Piloto , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Estudios Prospectivos , Sarcoidosis/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades del Bazo/diagnóstico por imagen
17.
Bone ; 127: 181-187, 2019 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31200077

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Elderly patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) are at high risk for fractures. However, the prevalence of vertebral fractures and hyperkyphosis is not studied well. This is relevant, because in the general population, both vertebral fractures and hyperkyphosis are associated with poor outcome. Therefore, the primary aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of vertebral fractures and hyperkyphosis in the ESKD population. The secondary aim was to assess if patients with vertebral fractures and/or hyperkyphosis more often have poor outcome after starting dialysis, such as accidental falling, functional decline and mortality compared to the patients without vertebral fractures and/or hyperkyphosis. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS & MEASUREMENTS: This study included patients ≥65 years with ESKD who were enrolled in the Geriatric assessment in Older patients starting Dialysis (GOLD) study of whom a lateral chest radiograph was available. Chest radiographs were scored independently by two observers for vertebral fractures (Genant ≥1) and hyperkyphosis (≥50 degrees). The relation between vertebral fractures and hyperkyphosis with clinical outcomes (falls, decline in ADL and IADL, mortality) was studied using the Chi-square test. RESULTS: Of the 196 enrolled patients, chest radiographs were available for 160 patients. Mean age was 75.3 (SD ±6.9), and 35% were female. The prevalence of vertebral fractures was 43% and of hyperkyphosis 22%. Patients with hyperkyphosis had a higher one-year mortality compared to patients without hyperkyphosis (20% vs. 8%, p = 0.04). No differences were observed between patients with and without hyperkyphosis, vertebral fractures and the remaining outcomes after six months of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: In patients ≥65 years old with ESKD starting dialysis, vertebral fractures are highly prevalent. In contrast to the general population, patients with vertebral fractures did experience poor outcome as often as patients without vertebral fractures. Remarkably, patients with hyperkyphosis did have a higher one-year mortality. However, these patients did not experience more functional decline or accidental falls.


Asunto(s)
Fallo Renal Crónico/complicaciones , Cifosis/complicaciones , Fracturas de la Columna Vertebral/complicaciones , Vértebras Torácicas/patología , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Cifosis/mortalidad , Masculino , Prevalencia , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Fracturas de la Columna Vertebral/epidemiología , Fracturas de la Columna Vertebral/mortalidad , Resultado del Tratamiento
18.
Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat ; 87(1-4): 26-33, 2008 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18638564

RESUMEN

Prostaglandin (PG) E(2) promotes osteoclastic cell differentiation, but the physiological function of PGF(2alpha) remains unclear. We examined the physiological effects of PGF(2alpha) on osteoclast differentiation using a murine cell line, RAW264, and the column-purified murine bone marrow cells, both of which are differentiable into osteoclast-like multi-nuclear cells. Although PGF(2alpha) did not affect the number of differentiated osteoclasts, PGF(2alpha) reduced the bone resorption activity of osteoclasts developed from both cell types in a pit formation assay. Thus, PGF(2alpha) inhibits bone resorption without affecting the number of osteoclasts, providing a novel molecular mechanism underlying bone metabolism.


Asunto(s)
Resorción Ósea/metabolismo , Dinoprost/farmacología , Osteoclastos/efectos de los fármacos , Osteoclastos/metabolismo , Animales , Células de la Médula Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Células de la Médula Ósea/metabolismo , Diferenciación Celular , Línea Celular , Núcleo Celular/metabolismo , Ratones , Osteoclastos/citología , Receptores de Prostaglandina/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos
19.
Transplant Proc ; 50(10): 3440-3444, 2018 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30577218

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To improve the long-term survival rate after kidney transplantation (KTx), allograft injury should be identified as soon as possible. Regardless of aggressive immunosuppressive therapies, recipients of kidney transplants still have a significant risk of graft failure. No specific predictor for the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) after KTx has yet been found. Aberrant molecular mechanisms involving the αKlotho-fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 23 axis may be a useful determinant of renal impairment and graft failure over time. METHODS: Plasma and spot urine samples were collected from 47 patients 1 year after KTx. Evaluation of renal function after KTx was performed using levels of biomarkers including serum intact FGF23, soluble αKlotho, 25(OH) vitamin D (25(OH)D), and the difference in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) between the first and third year after KTx (ΔeGFR). RESULTS: The median serum αKlotho, intact FGF23, and 25(OH)D were 516.3 pg/mL, 58.7 pg/mL, and 5.7 ng/mL, respectively. No marked changes in the standard biomarkers that regulate phosphate homeostasis were found. Serum αKlotho levels were associated with ΔeGFR. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that serum αKlotho levels significantly predicted a decrease in eGFR in the graft kidney 2 years after KTx, but serum 25(OH)D and FGF23 levels were not significant. Serum αKlotho levels showed an inverse correlation with fractional excretion of magnesium, which reflects tubular injury in the early stage of CKD. CONCLUSION: Measurement of serum αKlotho may serve as a useful predictor of KTx patients who require initiation of pre-emptive medication.


Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores/sangre , Glucuronidasa/sangre , Supervivencia de Injerto/fisiología , Trasplante de Riñón , Insuficiencia Renal/sangre , Adulto , Estudios Transversales , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Femenino , Factor-23 de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos , Humanos , Proteínas Klotho , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad
20.
Cytogenet Genome Res ; 117(1-4): 288-95, 2007.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17675870

RESUMEN

We performed a quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis to map QTLs controlling shank length, body weight, and carcass weight in a resource family of 245 F(2) birds developed from a cross of the large-sized, native, Japanese cockfighting breed, Oh-Shamo (Japanese Large Game), and the White Leghorn breed of chickens. Interval mapping revealed three significant QTLs for shank length on chromosomes 1, 4 and 24 at the experiment-wise 5% level, and a suggestive shank length QTL on chromosome 27 at the experiment-wise 10% level. For body weight two QTLs, one significant and the other suggestive, were identified on chromosomes 4 and 24, respectively. As expected, QTLs for carcass weight, which was highly correlated with body weight (r = 0.95), were detected at the same chromosomal locations as the detected body weight QTLs. Interestingly, the chromosomal locations containing these body weight and carcass weight QTLs coincided with those of two of the four shank length QTLs detected. No QTL with an epistatic interaction effect was discovered for any trait. The total contribution of all detected QTLs to genetic variance was 98.4%, 27.0% and 25.9% for shank length, body weight and carcass weight, respectively, indicating that most shank length QTLs have been identified but many body weight and carcass weight QTLs have been overlooked by the present analysis because of a low coverage rate of the 88 microsatellite markers used here (approximately 46% of the whole genome).


Asunto(s)
Peso Corporal/genética , Huesos/anatomía & histología , Huesos/metabolismo , Pollos/anatomía & histología , Pollos/genética , Sitios de Carácter Cuantitativo/genética , Animales , Cruzamiento , Cadáver , Pollos/clasificación , Femenino , Marcadores Genéticos , Genotipo , Japón , Masculino , Repeticiones de Microsatélite , Fenotipo
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