Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome: MRI findings, radiological guide (two cases and literature review), and differential diagnosis.

BACKGROUND: Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich (HWW) syndrome is a very rare congenital anomaly of the urogenital tract involving Müllerian ducts and Wolffian structures, and it is characterized by the triad of didelphys uterus, obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis. It generally occurs at puberty and exhibits non-specific and variable symptoms with acute or pelvic pain shortly following menarche, causing a delay in the diagnosis. Moreover, the diagnosis is complicated by the infrequency of this syndrome, because Müllerian duct anomalies (MDA) are infrequently encountered in a routine clinical setting. CASES PRESENTATION: two cases of HWW syndrome in adolescents and a differential diagnosis for one case of a different MDA, and the impact of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging technology to achieve the correct diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: MR imaging is a very suitable diagnostic tool in order to perform the correct diagnosis of HWW syndrome.

Efficacy and economic impact evaluation of a navigation system for assisted lung biopsy.

This Letter reports on the testing and assessment of an optical computed tomography-navigation system for percutaneous lung interventional, SIRIO, showing how the lesion diameter affects the bioptic procedure. Clinical data, relating to 501 patients, were collected at the Department of Interventional Radiology of Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico. This Letter shows that the diameter of lesion affects only the procedure duration (50.91 ± 18.87 min for lesions of diameter ≤20 mm and 44.98 ± 19.43 min for lesions of diameter >20 and ≤40 mm). For the nodules with a diameter ≤20 mm, there is a significant increase in the duration of the procedure (for each mm less the time increases by 6 s). Other parameters like the mean effective radiation dose and the presence of a diagnostic or non-diagnostic specimen do not depend, instead, on the lesion size. The economic analysis based on the biopsy procedure with SIRIO shows the necessity to adopt a new reimbursement system for percutaneous biopsy performed using navigation systems to stimulate their use to get important non-economic gains such as early diagnosis, reduction of the absorbed dose of X-rays and increasing number of lung cancers in a curable early stage.

Cryoablation of lung malignancies recurring close to surgical clips following surgery: Report of three cases.

BACKGROUND: Minimally ablative therapies are now available for the treatment of lung malignancies. However, selection of the appropriate technique is not always easy and requires accurate preoperative planning. AIMS: To describe the treatment of lung tumors with cryoablation. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: We report three cases of lung malignancies that recurred close to surgical clips after surgical treatment, successfully treated by cryoablation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An initial freezing cycle was performed for 10 min, followed by a 5-min thawing cycle, and an additional 10-min freezing cycle. A final 5-min thaw was necessary to remove the needle from the iceball formed during the freezing cycle. RESULTS: The procedures were completed successfully with no signs of surgical-clip misplacement, and excellent ablation of the lesions. CONCLUSION: Cryoablation is a relatively new procedure that potentially permits the local treatment of lung tumors with minimal loss of lung parenchyma.

Bilateral transrenal ureteral occlusion by means of n-butyl cyanoacrylate and AMPLATZER vascular plug.

AMPLATZER vascular plug is a widely used embolic agent. In the present paper, we present a case of an 86-year-old female patient who underwent bilateral ureteral occlusion by means of AMPLATZER vascular plug II coupled to n-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) because of recurring pyelonephritis following cystectomy with subsequent bilateral ureterosigmoidostomy (sec. Mainz type II).

Brain microischemic phenomena in a woman receiving bevacizumab treatment: a case report.

INTRODUCTION: Several adverse events have been associated with the use of bevacizumab during the treatment of neoplasms such as colorectal cancer, breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer and renal cell carcinoma. The present case demonstrates how focal neurological symptoms lead to the magnetic resonance imaging-based differential diagnosis between focal parenchymal metastases and microischemic phenomena, with crucial implications for patient management. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe the case of a 37-year-old Italian Caucasian woman with metastatic colon cancer who developed focal neurological symptoms during a chemotherapy regimen involving the use of bevacizumab. Brain magnetic resonance imaging examination revealed millimetric lesions with restricted diffusion without perilesional edema or contrast enhancement after gadodiamide intravenous injection, suggestive of acute microischemic phenomena. This complication is very rare but clinically significant. CONCLUSION: The differential diagnosis in patients with cancer undergoing bevacizumab treatment should include microischemic phenomena.

A mocking finding: portal cavernoma mimicking neoplastic mass. First sign of myeloproliferative disorder in a patient with Janus kinase2 V617F mutation.

The most important systemic etiological factors for portal thrombosis are the thrombophilic conditions associated with myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs), either clinically manifest or so-called 'occult'. Latest studies have revealed a strong association between MPDs and a somatic point mutation (V617F) of the tyrosine kinase Janus kinase2. The 'pseudo-cholangiocarcinoma sign' is a well described radiological finding related to portal cavernoma. We describe the case of a 48-year-old man, presenting with cavernomatous transformation of an extrahepatic thrombotic obstruction of the portal vein mimicking a neoplastic mass of the hepatic hilum, who did not present any other cause for thrombosis except for the V617F Janus kinase2 mutation, suggesting an underlying MPD.