[Implications of the visibility in professional nursing practices]. / Implicações da visibilidade da enfermagem no exercício profissional.

Nursing construction image is permeated by historical socioeconomic and cultural aspects. This theme aims to understand the perception of nurses regarding the visibility of nursing staff's daily work. This qualitative research is exploratory, with 30 nurses at a university hospital in southern Brazil. The data was collected from July to October 2012, through semi-structured interviews and submitted for a discursive textual analysis. The results show that nursing visibility is related to a professional historical trajectory, to an absence of recognition of the scientific aspect of Nursing, to erroneous placement in the media, to improper behavior towards the staff and also to work overload. Thus, the demystification of nursing's image includes greater media visibility, conducting personnel marketing, appropriate behavior in front of health staff and professional demonstrations of autonomy, challenges that must be overcome by nursing.

Potentialities and difficulties in nursing education during the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: To know the potentialities and difficulties in Nursing teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic, in Rio Grande do Sul (RS). METHOD: Cross-sectional study carried out with coordinators of 48 undergraduate Nursing courses in the state of RS, Brazil, between October 2020 and January 2021, using an electronic questionnaire sent to participants by email. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS: It was highlighted, as potentialities, the expansion in handling information and communication technologies (87.5%), increased creativity (79.2%) and diversification of methodologies (77.1%). As difficulties, the reduction of skills training (75.0%), less student/professor/colleagues interaction (70.8%) and reduction of interpersonal relationships (64.6%). CONCLUSION: If, on the one hand, difficulties were identified, such as the reduction of skills training and interpersonal relationships, on the other hand, potentialities related to new technologies and teaching methods signal disruptive and irreversible changes in Nursing education.

Brazilian overview of nurses' training during the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: To present the Brazilian panorama of the training of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: a cross-sectional study, carried out with 335 coordinators of undergraduate courses in Nursing and online data collection, between November 2020 and March 2021. RESULTS: All Brazilian states were represented. Of Higher Education Institutions, 52.5% adopted remote learning within 10 days after determining social distancing and 23% after 100 days; 73.4% kept the students in a mandatory curricular internship. Practical classes had a reduction in the number of students per group (46.0%). Most faculty and students were contaminated by SARS-CoV-2 and showed worsening in mental health. CONCLUSIONS: The study identified heterogeneity in the resumption of activities, through remote teaching, which mostly occurred synchronously. There was a resumption of curricular internships and practical classes in health services, with a limitation on the number of students per field.

Nursing care for patient in post operatory heart surgery in the Intensive Care Unit.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the critical nodes related to nursing care for patients in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery. METHODS: Exploratory study with a qualitative approach. Data collected through semi-structured interviews with 27 members of the nursing team working in the Intensive Care Unit. Material submitted to thematic analysis. RESULTS: Three categories emerged: Flaws in the professional qualification for patient care in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery; Team challenges concerning specific patient care in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery; and (dis) organization of work in the Intensive Care Unit and its impact on nursing care for patients in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Given the identification of the critical nodes, the professionals presented suggestions to overcome daily difficulties: investments in strategies for Permanent Education in Health; creation of tools to guide patient assistance in the postoperative of cardiac surgery; and provision of adequate human resources.

Curricular reforms in the transformation of nursing teaching in a federal university.

OBJECTIVES: to discuss the curricular reforms adopted for nursing teaching in Brazil, from 1969 to 2019. METHODS: historical, qualitative approach using the thematic oral history and document research. 13 interviews were carried out with graduation nursing professors from a federal university in the South of Brazil. The document sources were the political-pedagogical projects of the course and their associated documents. Minayo's thematic analysis was used. RESULTS: nursing curricula delineates the profile of the professional that must be formed and are reviewed in order to be adapted to social and educational changes, showing the scientific and professional potential of the nurse. Curricular reforms consider the quality of nursing formation. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the structure of the curriculum and the reforms that took place emerged according to the historical, political, epidemiological and social context demanded from the profession, to attend to the demands of society and to the work market.

Validating a Nursing Assessment instrument in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a Nursing History instrument for a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, based on the Theory of Basic Human Needs. METHODS: Methodological study, developed between October 2018 and April 2019, based on the establishment of a theoretical-conceptual structure; construction of items and of the response scale; selection and organization of items; structuring the instrument; expert opinion; and content and appearance validation. RESULTS: The instrument was organized in three sequential and complementary stages. The first stage considered data collection; the second, the collection of additional information, like Psychobiological, Psychosocial and Psychospiritual Needs; and the third collected data related to a physical examination. The instrument had good internal consistency (0,75) and an agreement percentage equal to or greater than 0,83. CONCLUSION: The Nursing History instrument developed and validated here can be considered relevant and pertinent in terms of content, clarity, scope, and appearance.

[The Brazilian Nursing Congress: sixty years of history]. / Congresso Brasileiro de Enfermagem: sessenta anos de história.

This study objective is to describe the issues associated to the origin of the Brazilian Nursing Congress and its course between 1947 and 2007; and to discuss the implementation of this strategy by the Brazilian Nursing Association (ABEn). It is a historical survey with documentary research. The documentary analysis allowed reaching the following categories: the origin of the Brazilian Nursing Congress and the congresses as the political nursing arena. We have concluded that the Brazilian Nursing Congresses have reflected the construction of the Brazilian Nursing history, aiming at stimulating the critical consideration on the professional problems and investing in the production of knowledge, addressing the growing complexity and quality of the professional practice.

[The image nursing students have about their own ageing]. / A imagem dos acadêmicos de enfermagem acerca do próprio envelhecimento.

The aim of this study was to understand how nursing students at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) imagine themselves in the oldness and how they prepare themselves for oldness. The methodology used was with Qualitative approach involving ten subjects. It was found out that the nursing students do not prepare themselves for the ageing process and that their image of oldness is based on the examples obtained throughout their lives. We consider that strategies should be developed inyouth in order to have a better Quality of life in the oldness.

[Olga Verderese--a life dedicated to nursing]. / Olga Verderese--uma vida para a enfermagem.

The aim of the research was to describe the educational and professional history of Olga Verderese and highlight her remarkable contributions to the scientific field of the profession. It was based on Bourdieu's concepts of habitus and scientific field. The sociohistorical study used sources such as interviews with Olga Verderese, a thesis and a dissertation on the topic and documents such as articles, books and recommendations by the Brazilian Nursing Association (ABEn). It considers that the biographee had a recognized social capital when she took up Nursing. Olga Verderese worked at the Nursing Schools of Bahia and Porto Alegre and remained for a long time at the Pan-American Health Organization, with outstanding work in Latin America. In addition, in the 1950s she took part in the research called Survey of Resources and Needs of Nursing in Brazil.

Children hospitalized due to maltreatment in the ICU of a Public Health Service.

OBJECTIVE: to characterize children hospitalized due to violence in a pediatric ICU in 2011; to relate violence and the mechanisms of trauma with death; to know the contextualization of violence, from the records in the medical records. METHOD: retrospective cohort, performed in a first aid hospital, Porto Alegre city, in the records of 22 children hospitalized in the ICU due to violence. Quantitative analysis was performed by absolute and relative frequency rates, chi-square and relative risk. RESULTS: 54.5% were boys, 81.8% were white and 50% were up to three years old. Physical violence 50% and neglect 36.4%, family of children (77.3%), highlighting the mother (35.3%). Mechanisms of aggression: fall (22.7%), burns (18.2%). Burns were at high risk for death. Discharge to go home after ICU admission (59.1%). CONCLUSION: It is considered that the characterization of the cases of violence reflects the complexity of the theme, mainly, in face of the life histories that surround each case of children hospitalized by this aggravation.

Desafios do puerpério: visão de mulheres nas mídias sociais / Postpartum challenges: vision of women in social media / Desafíos posparto: visión de la mujer en las redes sociales

Objetivo: investigar, por meio das redes sociais, quais são os desafios das mulheres frente ao puerpério. Métodos: abordagem qualitativa do tipo etnografia, com 36 mulheres. Realizada em dois grupos do Facebook: 1) Página pública com 305.531 seguidores; 2) Grupo privado com 11.541 membros. Os grupos visavam troca de experiências, informações e apoio entre mães puérperas. Coleta de dados por meio de observação dos grupos e por instrumento eletrônico no modelo Google Forms. Utilizada análise de conteúdo. Resultados: na análise emergiram três categorias: cuidados e problemas de saúde no puerpério; aprender a viver depois ser mãe; e cuidar do recém-nascido. Conclusão: dentre os desafios da maternidade destacam-se: amamentação, banho do bebê, exaustão e privação do sono. Cabe à enfermagem a reflexão de como assistir mulheres que estão puerpério, considerando a tecnologia da informação, as mídias sociais e as necessidades individuais de cada uma, visando a promoção de experiência positiva neste período. (AU)

Objective: to investigate, through social network, what are the challenges of women facing the puerperium. Methods: qualitative approach of the ethnography type, with 36 women. Carried out in two Facebook groups: 1) Public page with 305,531 followers; 2) Private group with 11,541 members. The groups aimed at exchanging experiences, information and support among postpartum mothers. Data collection through observation of groups and electronic instrument in the Google Forms model. Used content analysis. Results: in the analysis, three categories emerged: care and health problems in the puerperium; learn to live after being a mother; and care for the newborn. Conclusion: among the challenges of motherhood, the following stand out: breastfeeding, bathing the baby, exhaustion and sleep deprivation. It is up to nursing to reflect on how to assist women who are in the puerperium, considering information technology, social media and the individual needs of each one, aiming at promoting a positive experience in this period. (AU)

Objetivo: investigar, a través de las redes sociales, cuáles son los desafíos de las mujeres frente al puerperio. Métodos: abordaje cualitativo del tipo etnografía, con 36 mujeres. Realizado en dos grupos de Facebook: 1) Página pública con 305.531 seguidores; 2) Grupo privado con 11.541 miembros. Los grupos tenían como objetivo el intercambio de experiencias, información y apoyo entre las madres posparto. Recopilación de datos mediante observación de grupos e instrumento electrónico en el modelo Google Forms. Análisis de contenido utilizado. Resultados: en el análisis surgieron tres categorías: cuidados y problemas de salud en el puerperio; aprender a vivir después de ser madre; y cuidar al recién nacido. Conclusión: entre los desafíos de la maternidad se destacan: amamantar, bañar al bebé, agotamiento y falta de sueño. Corresponde a la enfermería reflexionar sobre cómo asistir a la mujer que está en el puerperio, considerando la tecnología de la información, las redes sociales y las necesidades individuales de cada una, con el objetivo de promover una experiencia positiva en este período. (AU)

Potentialities and difficulties in nursing education during the COVID-19 pandemic / Potencialidades y dificultades en la educación de enfermería durante la pandemia de COVID-19 / Potencialidades e dificuldades na educação em enfermagem durante a pandemia de COVID-19

ABSTRACT Objective To know the potentialities and difficulties in Nursing teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic, in Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Method Cross-sectional study carried out with coordinators of 48 undergraduate Nursing courses in the state of RS, Brazil, between October 2020 and January 2021, using an electronic questionnaire sent to participants by email. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results It was highlighted, as potentialities, the expansion in handling information and communication technologies (87.5%), increased creativity (79.2%) and diversification of methodologies (77.1%). As difficulties, the reduction of skills training (75.0%), less student/professor/colleagues interaction (70.8%) and reduction of interpersonal relationships (64.6%). Conclusion If, on the one hand, difficulties were identified, such as the reduction of skills training and interpersonal relationships, on the other hand, potentialities related to new technologies and teaching methods signal disruptive and irreversible changes in Nursing education.

RESUMEN Objetivo Conocer el potencial y las dificultades en la enseñanza de Enfermería durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Método Estudio transversal realizado con coordinadores de 48 cursos de pregrado en enfermería en el estado de RS, Brasil, entre octubre de 2020 y enero de 2021, a través de un cuestionario electrónico enviado a los participantes vía correo electrónico. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Resultados Se destacó, como potencial, la expansión en la gestión de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (87,5%), el aumento de la creatividad (79,2%) y la diversificación de metodologías (77,1%). Como dificultades, la reducción de la formación de habilidades (75,0%), menor interacción alumno/profesor/compañeros (70,8%) y reducción de las relaciones interpersonales (64,6%). Conclusión Si por un lado se identificaron dificultades, como la reducción de la formación de habilidades y las relaciones interpersonales, por otro lado, las potencialidades relacionadas con las nuevas tecnologías y métodos de enseñanza señalan cambios disruptivos e irreversibles en la formación en enfermería.

RESUMO Objetivo Conhecer as potencialidades e dificuldades no ensino de Enfermagem durante a pandemia de COVID-19, no Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Método Estudo transversal, realizado junto a coordenadores de 48 cursos de graduação em Enfermagem do estado do RS, Brasil, entre outubro de 2020 e janeiro de 2021, por meio de questionário eletrônico, enviado aos participantes via e-mail. A análise dos dados ocorreu por meio de estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados Destacaram-se, como potencialidades, a ampliação no manejo das tecnologias de informação e comunicação (87,5%), aumento da criatividade (79,2%) e diversificação de metodologias (77,1%). Como dificuldades, a redução do treino de habilidades (75,0%), menor interação aluno/professor/colegas (70,8%) e redução das relações interpessoais (64,6%). Conclusão Se, por um lado, foram identificadas dificuldades, como a redução do treino de habilidades e das relações interpessoais, por outro, potencialidades relacionadas a novas tecnologias e métodos de ensino sinalizam alterações disruptivas e irreversíveis para o ensino de Enfermagem.

Formação de enfermeiros durante a pandemia de COVID-19 no extremo sul do Brasil: estudo transversal / Training of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic in southernmost Brazil: a cross-sectional study / Formación de enfermeras durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en el extremo sur de Brasil: estudio transversal / Training of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic in southernmost Brazil: a cross-sectional study

Objetivos: identificar as estratégias adotadas para a continuidade da formação de enfermeiros durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: estudo transversal, realizado com coordenadores de curso de graduação em Enfermagem do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, e coleta de dados on-line, entre novembro de 2020 e março de 2021. Resultados: participaram 48 coordenadores; as Instituições de Ensino Superior adotaram o Ensino Remoto Emergencial no tempo médio de 26,9 dias após a determinação do distanciamento social e a mediana 45 dias em relação aos Estágios Obrigatórios, sendo que em 2020/1 81,3% das instituições mantiveram alunos nesta atividade e em 2020/2 o número passou para 85,4%. A supervisão direta, nos estágios, foi realizada em 50% das instituições. Como auxílio aos estudantes, destacaram-se o acesso a plataformas e biblioteca digital, e acesso assíncrono ao conteúdo. Conclusão e implicações para a prática: as estratégias para a continuidade do ensino incluíram a adoção de estratégia on-line, a retomada de estágios curriculares, a redução do número de alunos por grupo nas aulas práticas e a disponibilização de auxílio aos estudantes. O presente estudo identificou iniciativas que garantiram o ensino de Enfermagem no contexto pandêmico; há necessidade de novas investigações que avaliem o impacto de tais medidas na qualidade do ensino

Objectives: To identify the strategies adopted to proceed to education nursing during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with coordinators of undergraduate nursing programs in the Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Data collection was carried out online between November 2020 and March 2021. Results: A total of 48 coordinators participated. Higher Education Institutions adopted Emergency Remote Education in an average time of 26.9 days after determining social distance and the median of 45 days concerning mandatory internships. In 2020/1, 81.3% of institutions kept students in this activity, and in 2020/2, the number increased to 85.4%. Direct supervision was carried out in 50% of institutions in internships. Access to platforms and digital libraries and asynchronous access to content stood out as an aid to students. Conclusion and implications for practice: Strategies for continuity of teaching included adopting an online strategy, resumption of curricular internships, reducing the number of students per class in practical classes, and student aid. The present study involved the identification of initiatives that ensured nursing education in the context of the pandemic, encouraging the need for new investigations that focus on assessing the impact of such measures on education quality

Objetivos: identificar las estrategias adoptadas para continuar la formación de enfermeras durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: estudio transversal, realizado con coordinadores de cursos de pregrado en Enfermería en Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, y recolección de datos en línea, entre noviembre de 2020 y marzo de 2021. Resultados: de un total de 48 coordinadores participantes, se identificó que las Instituciones de Educación Superior adoptaron Educación Remota de Emergencia en un tiempo promedio de 26,9 días después de la determinación del distanciamiento social y la mediana de 45 días en relación a las Pasantías Obligatorias. En 2020/1, el 81,3% de las instituciones tenían alumnos en esta actividad y, en 2020/2, el 85,4%. La supervisión directa, en pasantías, se realizó en el 50% de las instituiciones. Como ayuda a los estudiantes se destacó el acceso a plataformas y biblioteca digital, y el acceso asincrónico a contenidos. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica: Las estrategias para la continuidad de la docencia incluyeron la adopción del formato enlínea, la reanudación de las prácticas curriculares, la reducción del número de alumnos por clase en las clases prácticas y la asistencia al alumno. El presente estudio implicó la identificación de iniciativas que garantizaron la formación en Enfermería en el contexto de la pandemia, incentivando la necesidad de nuevas investigaciones que se centren en evaluar el impacto de tales medidas en la calidad de la educación.

Brazilian overview of nurses' training during the COVID-19 pandemic / Panorama brasileño de la formación de enfermeros durante la pandemia de la COVID-19 / Panorama brasileiro da formação de enfermeiros durante a pandemia da COVID-19

ABSTRACT Objective: To present the Brazilian panorama of the training of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: a cross-sectional study, carried out with 335 coordinators of undergraduate courses in Nursing and online data collection, between November 2020 and March 2021. Results: All Brazilian states were represented. Of Higher Education Institutions, 52.5% adopted remote learning within 10 days after determining social distancing and 23% after 100 days; 73.4% kept the students in a mandatory curricular internship. Practical classes had a reduction in the number of students per group (46.0%). Most faculty and students were contaminated by SARS-CoV-2 and showed worsening in mental health. Conclusions: The study identified heterogeneity in the resumption of activities, through remote teaching, which mostly occurred synchronously. There was a resumption of curricular internships and practical classes in health services, with a limitation on the number of students per field.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Presentar el panorama brasileño de la formación de enfermeras durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Método: estudio transversal, realizado con 335 coordinadores de curso de pregrado de Enfermería y recogida de datos on-line, entre noviembre de 2020 y marzo de 2021. Resultados: Hubo representación de todos los estados brasileños. En las Instituciones de Enseñanza Superior, el 52,5% se incorporó a la enseñanza a distancia hasta 10 días después de la determinación del distanciamiento social y el 23% después de 100 días; el 73,4% mantuvo a los estudiantes en el estado curricular obligatorio. En las clases prácticas se redujo el número de alumnos por grupo (46,0%). La mayoría de los profesores y alumnos estaban contaminados por el SARS-CoV-2 y presentaban un empeoramiento de su salud mental. Conclusiones: El estudio identificó la heterogeneidad en la reanudación de las actividades, a través de la enseñanza a distancia, que se produjo en su mayoría de forma sincrónica. Se reanudaron las prácticas curriculares y las clases prácticas en los servicios de salud, con un número limitado de estudiantes por campo.

RESUMO Objetivo: Apresentar o panorama brasileiro da formação de enfermeiros durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Método: estudo transversal, realizado com 335 coordenadores de curso de graduação em Enfermagem e coleta de dados on-line, entre novembro de 2020 e março de 2021. Resultados: Houve representação de todos os estados brasileiros. Das Instituições de Ensino Superior, 52,5% adotaram o ensino remoto em até 10 dias após a determinação do distanciamento social e 23% depois de 100 dias; 73,4% mantiveram os estudantes em estágio curricular obrigatório. As aulas práticas tiveram redução no número de estudantes por grupo (46,0%). A maioria dos docentes e discentes foi contaminada pelo SARS-CoV-2 e apresentaram piora na saúde mental. Conclusões: O estudo identificou heterogeneidade na retomada das atividades, por meio do ensino remoto, que ocorreu majoritariamente de forma síncrona. Houve retomada de estágios curriculares e aulas práticas em serviços de saúde, com limitação do número de estudantes por campo.

[The trajectory of Edith Magalhães Fraenkel]. / Trajetória de Edith Magalhães Fraenkel.

This article is about Edith Magalhães Fraenckel's life in the scenario of Brazilian Nursing in the XX Century. It describes the professional life in the context of her daily life, focusing her trajectory in the Brazilian Nursing Association (ABEn). The research method used interviews from the ABEn's collection of History of Nursing and also the author's personal collection, as well as books and journals articles. Edith was a leader of long duration in Brazilian Nursing history and her life is mixed with the professional history in her leading period, especially from 1920 to 1950.

Curricular reforms in the transformation of nursing teaching in a federal university / Reformas curriculares en la transformación de la enseñanza en enfermería en una universidad federal / Reformas curriculares na transformação do ensino em enfermagem em uma universidade federal

ABSTRACT Objectives: to discuss the curricular reforms adopted for nursing teaching in Brazil, from 1969 to 2019. Methods: historical, qualitative approach using the thematic oral history and document research. 13 interviews were carried out with graduation nursing professors from a federal university in the South of Brazil. The document sources were the political-pedagogical projects of the course and their associated documents. Minayo's thematic analysis was used. Results: nursing curricula delineates the profile of the professional that must be formed and are reviewed in order to be adapted to social and educational changes, showing the scientific and professional potential of the nurse. Curricular reforms consider the quality of nursing formation. Final Considerations: the structure of the curriculum and the reforms that took place emerged according to the historical, political, epidemiological and social context demanded from the profession, to attend to the demands of society and to the work market.

RESUMEN Objetivos: discutir las reformas curriculares adoptadas para la enseñanza de enfermería en Brasil, en el período de 1969 a 2019. Métodos: investigación histórica, de abordaje cualitativo con uso de historia oral temática e investigación documental. Realizaron 13 entrevistas con docentes graduados en Enfermería de una universidad federal del Sur de Brasil. Las fuentes documentales fueron los proyectos político-pedagógicos del curso y otros afines. Utilizó análisis temático de Minayo. Resultados: el currículo de enfermería delinea el perfil del profesional a ser formado y es revisto para adaptación a los cambios sociales y educacionales. Revela el potencial científico y profesional que se espera del enfermero. Las reformas curriculares objetivan a la calidad de la formación de enfermería. Consideraciones Finales: la estructura curricular y las reformas ocurridas emergieron consonantes al contexto histórico, político, epidemiológico y social exigido de la profesión para atender a las demandas de la sociedad y del mercado de trabajo.

RESUMO Objetivos: discutir as reformas curriculares adotadas para o ensino de enfermagem no Brasil, no período de 1969 a 2019. Métodos: pesquisa histórica, de abordagem qualitativa com uso da história oral temática e pesquisa documental. Realizaram-se 13 entrevistas com docentes de graduação em Enfermagem de uma universidade federal do Sul do Brasil. As fontes documentais foram os projetos político-pedagógicos do curso e outros afins. Utilizou-se análise temática de Minayo. Resultados: o currículo de enfermagem delineia o perfil do profissional a ser formado e é revisto para adaptação às mudanças sociais e educacionais. Revela o potencial científico e profissional que se espera do enfermeiro. As reformas curriculares visam à qualidade da formação de enfermagem. Considerações Finais: a estrutura curricular e as reformas ocorridas emergiram consonantes com o contexto histórico, político, epidemiológico e social exigido da profissão para atender às demandas da sociedade e do mercado de trabalho.

Nursing care for patient in post operatory heart surgery in the Intensive Care Unit / Cuidados de enfermería al paciente en el postoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca, en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos / Cuidados de enfermagem ao paciente no pósoperatório de cirurgia cardíaca, na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the critical nodes related to nursing care for patients in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery. Methods: Exploratory study with a qualitative approach. Data collected through semi-structured interviews with 27 members of the nursing team working in the Intensive Care Unit. Material submitted to thematic analysis. Results: Three categories emerged: Flaws in the professional qualification for patient care in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery; Team challenges concerning specific patient care in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery; and (dis) organization of work in the Intensive Care Unit and its impact on nursing care for patients in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery. Final considerations: Given the identification of the critical nodes, the professionals presented suggestions to overcome daily difficulties: investments in strategies for Permanent Education in Health; creation of tools to guide patient assistance in the postoperative of cardiac surgery; and provision of adequate human resources.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Investigar nudos críticos relacionados al cuidado de enfermería al paciente en postoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca. Métodos: Estudio exploratorio con abordaje cualitativo. Datos recogidos por medio de entrevista semiestructurada con 27 integrantes del equipo de enfermería, actuantes en Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Material sometido al análisis temático. Resultados: Emergieron tres categorías: Fragilidades en cualificación profesional para el cuidado al paciente en postoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca; Desafíos del equipo en relación a los cuidados específicos al paciente en postoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca; y La (des)organización del trabajo en Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos y su repercusión en el cuidado de enfermería al paciente en postoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca. Consideraciones finales: Delante la identificación de nudos críticos, los profesionales presentaron sugestiones para suplir dificultades cotidianas: inversiones en estrategias de Educación Permanente en Salud; creación de instrumentos que orienten la asistencia al paciente en postoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca; y provisión de recursos humanos adecuados.

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar os nós críticos relacionados ao cuidado de enfermagem ao paciente no pósoperatório de cirurgia cardíaca. Métodos: Estudo exploratório com abordagem qualitativa. Dados coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com 27 integrantes da equipe de enfermagem, atuantes na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Material submetido à análise temática. Resultados: Emergiram três categorias: Fragilidades na qualificação profissional para o cuidado ao paciente no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca; Desafios da equipe em relação aos cuidados específicos ao paciente no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca; e A (des)organização do trabalho na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva e sua repercussão no cuidado de enfermagem ao paciente no pósoperatório de cirurgia cardíaca. Considerações finais: Diante da identificação dos nós críticos, os profissionais apresentaram sugestões para suprir dificuldades cotidianas: investimentos em estratégias de Educação Permanente em Saúde; criação de instrumentos que orientem a assistência ao paciente em pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca; e provisão de recursos humanos adequados.

[Florence Nightingale and charity sisters: revisiting the history]. / Florence Nightingale e as irmãs de caridade: revisitando a história.

This study presents an historical analysis on the links between the nursing practice and the influence received from various religious orders/associations along the times, especially from Saint Vincent Paul's charity sisters. The professional nursing which was pioneered by Florence Nightingale in the XlXth century, was directly influenced by the teachings of love and fraternity. In addition, other contributions from the religious orders/associations were the concepts of altruism, valorization of an adequate environment for the care of patients, and the division of work in nursing. The study shows the influence of Charity Sisters on Florence Nightingale.

Validating a Nursing Assessment instrument in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit / Validación de instrumento de histórico de enfermería para Unidad De Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica / Validação de instrumento de Histórico de Enfermagem para Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica

ABSTRACT Objective: To develop and validate a Nursing History instrument for a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, based on the Theory of Basic Human Needs. Methods: Methodological study, developed between October 2018 and April 2019, based on the establishment of a theoretical-conceptual structure; construction of items and of the response scale; selection and organization of items; structuring the instrument; expert opinion; and content and appearance validation. Results: The instrument was organized in three sequential and complementary stages. The first stage considered data collection; the second, the collection of additional information, like Psychobiological, Psychosocial and Psychospiritual Needs; and the third collected data related to a physical examination. The instrument had good internal consistency (0,75) and an agreement percentage equal to or greater than 0,83. Conclusion: The Nursing History instrument developed and validated here can be considered relevant and pertinent in terms of content, clarity, scope, and appearance.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Elaborar y validar instrumento de Histórico de Enfermería para Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica, basada en la Teoría de las Necesidades Humanas Básicas. Métodos: Estudio metodológico, desarrollado entre octubre/2018 y abril/2019, basado en el establecimiento de la estructura teórico-conceptual; construcción de los ítems y escala de respuesta; selección y organización de los ítems; estructuración del instrumento; opinión de especialistas; y validación de contenido y apariencia. Resultados: El instrumento ha sido organizado en tres etapas secuenciales y complementarias. La primera consideró la recogida de datos; la segunda, la recogida de informaciones adicionales, referente a las Necesidades Psicobiológicas, Psicosociales y Psicoespirituales; y la tercera, datos relativos al examen físico. El instrumento presentó consistencia interna (0,75) y porcentual de concordancia igual o superior a 0,83. Conclusión: El instrumento de Histórico de Enfermería desarrollado y validado puede ser considerado relevante y pertinente cuanto al contenido, clareza, abarcamiento y apariencia.

RESUMO Objetivo: Elaborar e validar instrumento de Histórico de Enfermagem para Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica, com base na Teoria das Necessidades Humanas Básicas. Métodos: Estudo metodológico, desenvolvido entre outubro/2018 e abril/2019, com base no estabelecimento da estrutura teórico-conceitual; construção dos itens e escala de resposta; seleção e organização dos itens; estruturação do instrumento; opinião de especialistas; e validação de conteúdo e aparência. Resultados: O instrumento foi organizado em três etapas sequenciais e complementares. A primeira considerou a coleta de dados; a segunda, a coleta de informações adicionais, referente às Necessidades Psicobiológicas, Psicossociais e Psicoespirituais; e a terceira, dados relativos ao exame físico. O instrumento apresentou consistência interna (0,75) e percentual de concordância igual ou superior a 0,83. Conclusão: O instrumento de Histórico de Enfermagem desenvolvido e validado pode ser considerado relevante e pertinente quanto ao conteúdo, clareza, abrangência e aparência.