RESUMEN
Given the essential role of prolactin (PRL) and its receptor (PRLR) in breast tumorigenesis, we investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the PRL and PRLR genes were associated with breast cancer in Taiwanese women. A total of 160 breast cancer patients and 336 unrelated control Taiwanese women were enrolled in this study. Three SNPs (rs1341238, rs2244502 and rs3756824) in the PRL gene and one SNP (rs10941235) in the PRLR gene were genotyped using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing. We showed that the PRLR SNP rs10941235 was associated with breast cancer (P < 0.05) and its genotype frequencies in the breast cancer group were significantly associated (P < 0.05) with the levels of cancer antigen 15-3, a serum biomarker of breast cancer. The PRL SNP rs3756824 was significantly associated with breast cancer metastasis (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that the polymorphism rs10941235 in the PRLR gene is associated with breast cancer and cancer antigen 15-3 levels in Taiwanese women.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Estudios de Asociación Genética , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple/genética , Prolactina/genética , Receptores de Prolactina/genética , Anciano , Antígenos de Neoplasias/sangre , Neoplasias de la Mama/sangre , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Frecuencia de los Genes/genética , Proyecto Mapa de Haplotipos , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Metástasis de la Neoplasia , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Factores de Riesgo , TaiwánRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the outcomes of laparoscopic repair of perforated peptic ulcers using simple closure only. METHODS: This retrospective study included 79 patients who underwent laparoscopic repair of perforated peptic ulcers from January 2011 to February 2016. They were divided into two groups: repair with an omental patch and repair with simple closure only. All of them underwent peritoneal cavity lavage with several litres of warm normal saline. A closed suction drain system was placed for drainage of intra-abdominal abscess. Patients' age, sex, Boey score, perforation size, operation time, overall complications, and length of hospital stay were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 79 patients diagnosed with perforated peptic ulcers who underwent emergency laparoscopic operations were enrolled in this study. Thirty patients underwent simple closure without an omental patch (group A), and 49 patients underwent simple closure with an omental patch (group B). Between the two groups, there were no statistically significant differences in the patients' age, size of perforation, and Boey score. However, the operation time was significantly different (p < 0.05) between the groups, with the average time being 84.4 min in group A and 106.65 min in group B. There was no statistically significant difference in the complication rate or the average length of hospital stay. No patient underwent reoperation for complications. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic repair of a perforated peptic ulcer without an omental patch is a safe option and does not increase the morbidity and mortality rate.