BCL3 rearrangements in B-cell lymphoid neoplasms occur in two breakpoint clusters associated with different diseases.

The t(14;19)(q32;q13) often juxtaposes BCL3 with immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) resulting in overexpression of the gene. In contrast to other oncogenic translocations, BCL3 rearrangement (BCL3-R) has been associated with a broad spectrum of lymphoid neoplasms. Here we report an integrative whole-genome sequence, transcriptomic, and DNA methylation analysis of 13 lymphoid neoplasms with BCL3-R. The resolution of the breakpoints at single base-pair revealed that they occur in two clusters at 5' (n=9) and 3' (n=4) regions of BCL3 associated with two different biological and clinical entities. Both breakpoints were mediated by aberrant class switch recombination of the IGH locus. However, the 5' breakpoints (upstream) juxtaposed BCL3 next to an IGH enhancer leading to overexpression of the gene whereas the 3' breakpoints (downstream) positioned BCL3 outside the influence of the IGH and were not associated with its expression. Upstream BCL3-R tumors had unmutated IGHV, trisomy 12, and mutated genes frequently seen in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) but had an atypical CLL morphology, immunophenotype, DNA methylome, and expression profile that differ from conventional CLL. In contrast, downstream BCL3-R neoplasms were atypical splenic or nodal marginal zone lymphomas (MZL) with mutated IGHV, complex karyotypes and mutated genes typical of MZL. Two of the latter four tumors transformed to a large B-cell lymphoma. We designed a novel fluorescence in situ hybridization assay that recognizes the two different breakpoints and validated these findings in 17 independent tumors. Overall, upstream or downstream breakpoints of BCL3-R are mainly associated with two subtypes of lymphoid neoplasms with different (epi)genomic, expression, and clinicopathological features resembling atypical CLL and MZL, respectively.

Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia with ring sideroblasts/SF3B1 mutation presents with low monocyte count and resembles myelodysplastic syndromes with-RS/SF3B1 mutation in terms of phenotype and prognosis.

Introduction: Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) with ring sideroblasts (RS) or SF3B1 mutation (MDS-RS/SF3B1) differ in many clinical features, but share others, such as anemia. RS and SF3B1 mutation can also be found in CMML. Methods: We compared CMML with and without RS/SF3B1 and MDS-RS/SF3B1 considering the criteria established by the 2022 World Health Organization classification. Results: A total of 815 patients were included (CMML, n=319, CMML-RS/SF3B1, n=172 and MDS-RS/SF3B1, n=324). The percentage of RS was ≥15% in almost all CMML-RS/SF3B1 patients (169, 98.3%) and most (125, 72.7%) showed peripheral blood monocyte counts between 0.5 and 0.9 x109/L and low risk prognostic categories. CMML-RS/SF3B1 differed significantly from classical CMML in the main clinical characteristics, whereas it resembled MDS-RS/SF3B1. At a molecular level, CMML and CMML-RS/SF3B1 had a significantly higher frequency of mutations in TET2 (mostly multi-hit) and ASXL1 (p=0.013) and CMML had a significantly lower frequency of DNMT3A and SF3B1 mutations compared to CMML/MDS-RS/SF3B1. Differences in the median overall survival among the three groups were statistically significant: 6.75 years (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.41-8.09) for CMML-RS/SF3B1 vs. 3.17 years (95% CI 2.56-3.79) for CMML vs. 16.47 years (NA) for MDS-RS/SF3B1, p<0.001. Regarding patients with CMML and MDS, both with SF3B1 mutation, survival did not significantly differ. CMML had a higher risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (24% at 8 years, 95%CI 19%-30%). Discussion: CMML-RS/SF3B1 mutation resembles MDS-RS/SF3B1 in terms of phenotype and clearly differs from CMML. The presence of ≥15% RS and/or SF3B1 in CMML is associated with a low monocyte count. SF3B1 mutation clearly improves the prognosis of CMML.

Incidence and prognostic significance of nephrotoxicity in patients receiving eshap as salvage therapy for lymphoma.

Nephrotoxicity is a well-known side effect of platinum-based chemotherapy. We retrospectively assessed the incidence and prognostic impact of nephrotoxicity with ESHAP rescue chemotherapy in 74 lymphoma patients (61 aggressive lymphomas). A higher incidence of nephrotoxicity (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60mL/min) was found when ESHAP was administred on an outpatient vs. inpatient basis (14/39 vs. 4/35). Patients submitted to ASCT with renal failure had a lower overall survival (OS) than those with normal renal function (2-yr OS probability [95%CI]: 88% [77%-99%] vs. 50% [22%-78%]). Outpatient administration of ESHAP may not be optimal for all patients and the impact of ESHAP-induced renal failure on ASCT outcomes in lymphoma needs to be assessed in prospective studies.

Water Adsorption Properties of NOTT-401 and CO2 Capture under Humid Conditions.

The water-stable material NOTT-401 was investigated for CO2 capture under humid conditions. Water adsorption properties of NOTT-401 were studied, and their correlation with CO2 sequestration at different relative humidities (RHs) showed that the CO2 capture increased from 1.2 wt % (anhydrous conditions) to 3.9 wt % under 5% RH at 30 °C, representing a 3.2-fold improvement.

CO2 capture enhancement in InOF-1 via the bottleneck effect of confined ethanol.

CO2 capture of InOF-1 was enhanced 3.6-fold, at 1 bar and 30 °C, by confining EtOH within its pores. Direct visualisation by single crystal X-ray diffraction revealed that EtOH divides InOF-1 channels in wide sections separated by "bottlenecks" caused by EtOH molecules bonded to the µ2-OH functional groups of InOF-1.

Condylar reconstruction by oblique sliding vertical-ramus osteotomy.

INTRODUCTION: The posterior border of the mandibular ramus can be used as a pedicled graft for reconstruction of the condyle. This article describes a technique that is better in certain situations than the use of other autogenous grafts or alloplastic materials. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Three adult patients, two with osteochondroma and one with hyperplasia were treated by condylectomy and simultaneous reconstruction with the pedicled posterior mandibular border. A meticulous oblique osteotomy and reinsertion of the lateral pterygoid muscle was performed. RESULTS: In all three cases an immediate mouth opening with stable occlusion was achieved. The interincisal opening was more than 40 mm after 3 weeks, with a deviation no greater than 4mm towards the affected side. All excursive movements were present in all directions, and correction of the facial asymmetry was achieved. There was no T.M.J. pain and all patients expressed satisfaction during the follow-up of 56 months (average). An adequate remodelling of the neocondyle without resorption as well as a stable occlusion was observed in every case. CONCLUSION: Reconstruction of the condyle by sliding vertical-oblique ramus osteotomy provides, in cases of condylar tumours, excellent functional and cosmetic results.

Amblyomma dissimile en Boa constrictor en cautiverio del Centro de Atención y Valoración de Fauna Silvestre de Montería (Córdoba, Colombia) / Amblyomma dissimile in Boa constrictor in captivity at the Wildlife Attention and Valuation Center in Montería (Córdoba, Colombia) / Amblyomma dissimile em jiboias-constritora em cativeiro do Centro de Atenção e Avaliação da Fauna Silvestre de Montería (Córdoba, Colômbia)

Resumen El objetivo del estudio fue identificar garrapatas extraídas en ejemplares de Boa constrictor llevadas al Centro de Atención y Valoración de Fauna Silvestre (CAV), en Montería (Córdoba, Colombia). Para ello se obtuvo un total de 199 garrapatas de 27 ejemplares de la serpiente. Los ectoparásitos fueron conservados en alcohol al 70 % y posteriormente se identificaron mediante diversas claves taxonómicas. El 100 % de las garrapatas fue identificado como Amblyomma dissimile, de las cuales el 58,4 % correspondió a machos y el 41,6 %, a hembras. Se pudo comprobar que la garrapata de mayor prevalencia en Boa constrictor es Amblyomma dissimile como ectoparásito de este reptil.

Abstract This study aimed to identify ticks removed from specimens of Boa constrictor taken to the Wildlife Attention and Valuation Center (CAV) in Montería (Córdoba, Colombia). To this effect, a total of 199 ticks were obtained from 27 snake specimens. The ectoparasites were preserved in 70% alcohol and later identified using various taxonomic codes. 100% of the ticks were identified as Amblyomma dissimile, 58.4% of which were males and 41.6% females. The study was able to evidence that the tick of greatest prevalence in Boa constrictor is Amblyomma dissimile as an ectoparasite of this reptile.

Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi identificar carrapatos extraídos em exemplares de jiboias levadas ao Centro de Atenção e Avaliação da Fauna Silvestre (CAV), em Montería (Córdoba, Colômbia). Para isso obteve-se um total de 199 carrapatos de 27 exemplares da serpente. Os ectoparasitas foram conservados em álcool ao 70 % e posteriormente se identificaram mediante diversas chaves taxonômicas. O 100 % dos carrapatos foram identificados como Amblyomma dissimile, das quais o 58,4 % eram machos e o 41,6 %, fêmeas. Pôde-se comprovar que o carrapato de maior prevalência em jiboias-constritoras é Amblyomma dissimile como ectoparasita deste réptil.

Therapeutic effect of an anaplasmicid and anti-protozoa product againstthe blood parasites of cattle / Efecto terapéutico de un fármaco frente a los hemoparásitos del bovinoBabesia bovis, Babesia bigemina y Anaplasma marginale / Efeito terapêutico de um fármaco protoarizida e anaplasmicida frente aoshemoparasitos do bovino

In Colombia all cattle raising areas located in tropical areas of low and medium altitude are considered endemic for haemoparasites of cattle, but sometimes losses are minimized by the development of immunity and the achievementof a state of equilibrium in populations. Generally, in the field the use of effective drugs is required as a help in the control of clinical manifestations associated with the occurrence of these diseases. This study was aimed to validate the benefit of the use of an anaplasmicid and anti-protozoa product (Ganaplus ®) for the control of clinical events associated with blood parasites in cattle. The study consisted of a experimental phase based on artificialinoculation of cattle with Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bigemina and Babesia bovis; and a field phase that evaluated clinical events in animals raised in endemic areas. In both phases, blood sample collection and measurement of body temperature were conducted. Complete hemogram, hematocrit, and blood smears for parasite analysis wereperformed. Cattle of the experimental phase showed very low parasitemia, with slight changes in hematologicparameters, but the animals that demonstrated clinical acute states successfully responded to the application of the compound, restoring their hematologic parameters. The cattle of the field phase showed higher parasitemias, with clear reductions in the hematocrit and the presence of an acute clinical syndrome, which responded appropriately tothe product application. It was confirmed that the compound tested is a good medicine for the treatment of clinical disease associated with blood parasites.

En Colombia todas las zonas ganaderas localizadas en áreas de trópico bajo y trópico medio se consideran regionesenzoóticas para los hemoparásitos del ganado, pero en ocasiones las pérdidas se minimizan por el desarrollo deinmunidad y el alcance de un estado de equilibrio en las poblaciones. Generalmente, en el campo se requiere de fármacos eficaces que ayuden a controlar las manifestaciones clínicas que se asocian con la ocurrencia de estos hemoparasitismos. Esta investigación buscó validar la bondad del uso de un producto protozoaricida y anaplasmicida (Ganaplus®) para el control de episodios clínicos asociados con los hemoparásitos del ganado. El estudio constó de una fase experimental basada en inoculación artificial de bovinos, con Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bovis y Babesia bigemina; y una fase de campo que evaluó episodios clínicos en animales ubicados en zonas endémicas. En ambas fases se realizó recolección de muestras de sangre y medición de temperatura corporal. Se evaluaron cuadros hemáticos completos, hematocrito y los extendidos sanguíneos para análisis parasitológico. Los bovinos de la fase experimental presentaron parasitemias muy bajas, con leves cambios en los parámetros hematológicos, pero los animales que presentaron cuadros clínicos agudos respondieron de forma satisfactoria a la aplicación del compuesto restableciendo sus parámetros hematológicos. Los bovinos de la fase de campo presentaron parasitemias mayores, con reducciones evidentes en el hematocrito y la presencia de cuadros clínicos agudos, que respondieronadecuadamente a la aplicación del producto. Se confirmó que el compuesto evaluado es un buen medicamento parael tratamiento de cuadros clínicos asociados con enfermedad por hemoparásitos.

Na Colômbia todas as zonas da pecuária bovina em áreas do trópico baixo e trópico médio consideram-se regiõesendêmicas para os hemoparasitos do gado bovino, mas em ocasiões as perdas se minimizem pelo desenvolvimentode imunidade e o alcance de um estado de equilíbrio nas populações. Geralmente, no campo requerem-se de fármacoseficazes que controlem as manifestações clínicas que se associam com a ocorrência destes hemoparasitos. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo validar a efetividade do uso de um produto protozoaricida e anaplasmicida (Ganaplus®)para o controle de episódios clínicos associados com os hemoparasitos bovinos. O estudo teve uma fase experimentalbaseada em inoculação artificial de bovinos com Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bigemina e Babesia bovis; euma fase de campo que avaliou episódios clínicos em animais localizados em zonas endêmicas. Nas duas fases realizou-se a colheita de amostras de sangue e a mensuração da temperatura corpórea. Avaliou-se a hematologia, hematocrito e esfregaços de sangue para análise parasitológica. Os bovinos da fase experimental apresentaramparasitemias baixas, com leves mudanças nos parâmetros hematológicos, mas os animais que apresentaramquadros clínicos agudos responderam satisfatoriamente à aplicação do produto, restabelecendo os seus parâmetroshematológicos. Os bovinos da fase de campo apresentaram parasitemias maiores, com reduções evidentes nohematocrito e a presença de quadros clínicos agudos, que responderam adequadamente à aplicação do produto.Confirmou-se que o composto avaliado é um bom medicamento para o tratamento de quadros clínicos associados com a doença por hemoparasitos.