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1.
Cell ; 185(12): 2184-2199.e16, 2022 06 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35649412

RESUMEN

The factors driving therapy resistance in diffuse glioma remain poorly understood. To identify treatment-associated cellular and genetic changes, we analyzed RNA and/or DNA sequencing data from the temporally separated tumor pairs of 304 adult patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wild-type and IDH-mutant glioma. Tumors recurred in distinct manners that were dependent on IDH mutation status and attributable to changes in histological feature composition, somatic alterations, and microenvironment interactions. Hypermutation and acquired CDKN2A deletions were associated with an increase in proliferating neoplastic cells at recurrence in both glioma subtypes, reflecting active tumor growth. IDH-wild-type tumors were more invasive at recurrence, and their neoplastic cells exhibited increased expression of neuronal signaling programs that reflected a possible role for neuronal interactions in promoting glioma progression. Mesenchymal transition was associated with the presence of a myeloid cell state defined by specific ligand-receptor interactions with neoplastic cells. Collectively, these recurrence-associated phenotypes represent potential targets to alter disease progression.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas , Glioma , Microambiente Tumoral , Adulto , Neoplasias Encefálicas/genética , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Evolución Molecular , Genes p16 , Glioma/genética , Glioma/patología , Humanos , Isocitrato Deshidrogenasa/genética , Mutación , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia
2.
Cell ; 173(2): 400-416.e11, 2018 04 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29625055

RESUMEN

For a decade, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) program collected clinicopathologic annotation data along with multi-platform molecular profiles of more than 11,000 human tumors across 33 different cancer types. TCGA clinical data contain key features representing the democratized nature of the data collection process. To ensure proper use of this large clinical dataset associated with genomic features, we developed a standardized dataset named the TCGA Pan-Cancer Clinical Data Resource (TCGA-CDR), which includes four major clinical outcome endpoints. In addition to detailing major challenges and statistical limitations encountered during the effort of integrating the acquired clinical data, we present a summary that includes endpoint usage recommendations for each cancer type. These TCGA-CDR findings appear to be consistent with cancer genomics studies independent of the TCGA effort and provide opportunities for investigating cancer biology using clinical correlates at an unprecedented scale.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias/patología , Bases de Datos Genéticas , Genómica , Humanos , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Neoplasias/genética , Neoplasias/mortalidad , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales
3.
Hum Mol Genet ; 32(23): 3249-3262, 2023 Nov 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37656183

RESUMEN

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy is a severe demyelinating neurodegenerative disease mainly affecting males. The severe cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy (cALD) phenotype has a poor prognosis and underlying mechanism of onset and progression of neuropathology remains poorly understood. In this study we aim to integrate metabolomic and microRNA (miRNA) datasets to identify variances associated with cALD. Postmortem brain tissue samples from five healthy controls (CTL) and five cALD patients were utilized in this study. White matter from ALD patients was obtained from normal-appearing areas, away from lesions (NLA) and from the periphery of lesions- plaque shadow (PLS). Metabolomics was performed by gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry and miRNA expression analysis was performed by next generation sequencing (RNAseq). Principal component analysis revealed that among the three sample groups (CTL, NLA and PLS) there were 19 miRNA, including several novel miRNA, of which 17 were increased with disease severity and 2 were decreased. Untargeted metabolomics revealed 13 metabolites with disease severity-related patterns with 7 increased and 6 decreased with disease severity. Ingenuity pathway analysis of differentially altered metabolites and miRNA comparing CTL with NLA and NLA with PLS, identified several hubs of metabolite and signaling molecules and their upstream regulation by miRNA. The transomic approach to map the crosstalk between miRNA and metabolomics suggests involvement of specific molecular and metabolic pathways in cALD and offers opportunity to understand the complex underlying mechanism of disease severity in cALD.


Asunto(s)
Adrenoleucodistrofia , MicroARNs , Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas , Masculino , Humanos , Adrenoleucodistrofia/genética , Adrenoleucodistrofia/metabolismo , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas/metabolismo , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Fenotipo , Metabolómica
4.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 119(25): e2123265119, 2022 06 21.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35700359

RESUMEN

Metabolic aberrations impact the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and possibly can provide clues for new treatment strategies. Using untargeted metabolomics, we measured serum metabolites from 35 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and 14 healthy age-matched controls. Of 632 known metabolites detected, 60 were significantly altered in RRMS. Bioinformatics analysis identified an altered metabotype in patients with RRMS, represented by four changed metabolic pathways of glycerophospholipid, citrate cycle, sphingolipid, and pyruvate metabolism. Interestingly, the common upstream metabolic pathway feeding these four pathways is the glycolysis pathway. Real-time bioenergetic analysis of the patient-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed enhanced glycolysis, supporting the altered metabolic state of immune cells. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice treated with the glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose ameliorated the disease progression and inhibited the disease pathology significantly by promoting the antiinflammatory phenotype of monocytes/macrophage in the central nervous system. Our study provided a proof of principle for how a blood-based metabolomic approach using patient samples could lead to the identification of a therapeutic target for developing potential therapy.


Asunto(s)
Desarrollo de Medicamentos , Glucólisis , Metabolómica , Esclerosis Múltiple Recurrente-Remitente , Animales , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Antimetabolitos/farmacología , Antimetabolitos/uso terapéutico , Desoxiglucosa/farmacología , Desoxiglucosa/uso terapéutico , Desarrollo de Medicamentos/métodos , Encefalomielitis Autoinmune Experimental/tratamiento farmacológico , Encefalomielitis Autoinmune Experimental/metabolismo , Glucólisis/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Leucocitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Ratones , Esclerosis Múltiple Recurrente-Remitente/sangre , Esclerosis Múltiple Recurrente-Remitente/tratamiento farmacológico , Esclerosis Múltiple Recurrente-Remitente/metabolismo
5.
Neuroradiology ; 65(9): 1343-1352, 2023 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37468750

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: While the T2-FLAIR mismatch sign is highly specific for isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant, 1p/19q-noncodeleted astrocytomas among lower-grade gliomas, its utility in WHO grade 4 gliomas is not well-studied. We derived the partial T2-FLAIR mismatch sign as an imaging biomarker for IDH mutation in WHO grade 4 gliomas. METHODS: Preoperative MRI scans of adult WHO grade 4 glioma patients (n = 2165) from the multi-institutional ReSPOND (Radiomics Signatures for PrecisiON Diagnostics) consortium were analyzed. Diagnostic performance of the partial T2-FLAIR mismatch sign was evaluated. Subset analyses were performed to assess associations of imaging markers with overall survival (OS). RESULTS: One hundred twenty-one (5.6%) of 2165 grade 4 gliomas were IDH-mutant. Partial T2-FLAIR mismatch was present in 40 (1.8%) cases, 32 of which were IDH-mutant, yielding 26.4% sensitivity, 99.6% specificity, 80.0% positive predictive value, and 95.8% negative predictive value. Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated IDH mutation was significantly associated with partial T2-FLAIR mismatch (odds ratio [OR] 5.715, 95% CI [1.896, 17.221], p = 0.002), younger age (OR 0.911 [0.895, 0.927], p < 0.001), tumor centered in frontal lobe (OR 3.842, [2.361, 6.251], p < 0.001), absence of multicentricity (OR 0.173, [0.049, 0.612], p = 0.007), and presence of cystic (OR 6.596, [3.023, 14.391], p < 0.001) or non-enhancing solid components (OR 6.069, [3.371, 10.928], p < 0.001). Multivariate Cox analysis demonstrated cystic components (p = 0.024) and non-enhancing solid components (p = 0.003) were associated with longer OS, while older age (p < 0.001), frontal lobe center (p = 0.008), multifocality (p < 0.001), and multicentricity (p < 0.001) were associated with shorter OS. CONCLUSION: Partial T2-FLAIR mismatch sign is highly specific for IDH mutation in WHO grade 4 gliomas.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas , Glioma , Adulto , Humanos , Isocitrato Deshidrogenasa/genética , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Encefálicas/genética , Estudios Retrospectivos , Glioma/diagnóstico por imagen , Glioma/genética , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Mutación , Organización Mundial de la Salud
6.
J Transl Med ; 19(1): 182, 2021 04 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33926464

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Clinically relevant glioma subtypes, such as the glioma-CpG island methylator phenotype (G-CIMP), have been defined by epigenetics. In this study, the role of long non-coding RNAs in association with the poor-prognosis G-CMIP-low phenotype and the good-prognosis G-CMIP-high phenotype was investigated. Functional associations of lncRNAs with mRNAs and miRNAs were examined to hypothesize influencing factors of the aggressive phenotype. METHODS: RNA-seq data on 250 samples from TCGA's Pan-Glioma study, quantified for lncRNA and mRNAs (GENCODE v28), were analyzed for differential expression between G-CIMP-low and G-CIMP-high phenotypes. Functional interpretation of the differential lncRNAs was performed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Spearman rank order correlation estimates between lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA nominated differential lncRNA with a likely miRNA sponge function. RESULTS: We identified 4371 differentially expressed features (mRNA = 3705; lncRNA = 666; FDR ≤ 5%). From these, the protein-coding gene TP53 was identified as an upstream regulator of differential lncRNAs PANDAR and PVT1 (p = 0.0237) and enrichment was detected in the "development of carcinoma" (p = 0.0176). Two lncRNAs (HCG11, PART1) were positively correlated with 342 mRNAs, and their correlation estimates diminish after adjusting for either of the target miRNAs: hsa-miR-490-3p, hsa-miR-129-5p. This suggests a likely sponge function for HCG11 and PART1. CONCLUSIONS: These findings identify differential lncRNAs with oncogenic features that are associated with G-CIMP phenotypes. Further investigation with controlled experiments is needed to confirm the molecular relationships.


Asunto(s)
Glioma , MicroARNs , ARN Largo no Codificante , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Redes Reguladoras de Genes , Glioma/genética , Humanos , MicroARNs/genética , Fenotipo , ARN Largo no Codificante/genética
7.
BMC Public Health ; 21(1): 245, 2021 01 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33514350

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Public Health policies related to social distancing efforts during the COVID-19 pandemic helped slow the infection rate. However, individual-level factors associated with social distancing are largely unknown. We sought to examine social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic in Michigan, an infection "hotspot" state in the United States early in the pandemic. METHODS: Two surveys were distributed to Michigan residents via email lists and social media following COVID-19 related state mandates in March; 45,691 adults responded to the first survey and 8512 to the second. Staying home ≥ 3 out of 5 previous days defined having more social distancing. Logistic regression models were used to examine potential factors associated with more social distancing. RESULTS: Most respondents were women (86% in Survey 1, 87% in Survey 2). In Survey 1, 63% reported more social distancing, increasing to 78% in Survey 2. Female sex and having someone (or self) sick in the home were consistently associated with higher social distancing, while increasing age was positively associated in Survey 1 but negatively associated in Survey 2. Most respondents felt social distancing policies were important (88% in Survey 1; 91% in Survey 2). CONCLUSIONS: Michiganders responding to the surveys were both practicing and supportive of social distancing. State-level executive orders positively impacted behaviors early in the COVID-19 pandemic in Michigan. Additional supports are needed to help vulnerable populations practice social distancing, including older individuals.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19/prevención & control , Punto Alto de Contagio de Enfermedades , Pandemias , Distanciamiento Físico , Adulto , COVID-19/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Michigan/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Política Pública , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
8.
Curr Oncol Rep ; 22(5): 45, 2020 04 16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32297007

RESUMEN

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Real-world data (RWD) applications in healthcare that support learning health systems and pragmatic clinical trials are gaining momentum, largely due to legislation supporting real-world evidence (RWE) for drug approvals. Clinical notes are thought to be the cornerstone of RWD applications, particularly for conditions with limited effective treatments, extrapolation of treatments from other conditions, or heterogenous disease biology and clinical phenotypes. RECENT FINDINGS: Here, we discuss current issues in applying RWD captured at the point-of-care and provide a framework for clinicians to engage in RWD collection. To achieve clinically meaningful results, RWD must be reliably captured using consistent terminology in the description of our patients. RWD complements traditional clinical trials and research by informing the generalizability of results, generating new hypotheses, and creating a large data network for scientific discovery. Effective clinician engagement in the development of RWD applications is necessary for continued progress in the field.


Asunto(s)
Conjuntos de Datos como Asunto , Aprobación de Drogas , Registros Electrónicos de Salud , Sistemas de Atención de Punto , Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto , Humanos , Biología Molecular
9.
Neuroradiology ; 61(9): 1023-1031, 2019 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31134296

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: There is variability in survival within IDH mutant gliomas determined by chromosomal events. Copy number variation (CNV) abundance associated with survival in low-grade and IDH mutant astrocytoma has been reported. Our purpose was to correlate the extent of genome-wide CNV abundance in IDH mutant astrocytomas with MRI features. METHODS: Presurgical MRI and CNV plots derived from Illumina 850k EPIC DNA methylation arrays of 18 cases of WHO grade II-IV IDH mutant astrocytomas were reviewed. IDH mutant astrocytomas were divided into CNV stable group (CNV-S) with ≤ 3 chromosomal gains or losses and lack of focal gene amplifications and CNV unstable group (CNV-U) with > 3 large chromosomal gains/losses and/or focal amplifications. The associations between MR features, relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), CNV abundance, and time to progression were assessed. Tumor rCBV estimates were obtained using DSC T2* perfusion analysis. RESULTS: There were nine (50%) CNV-S and nine (50%) CNV-U IDH mutant astrocytomas. CNV-U tumors showed larger mean tumor size (P = 0.004) and maximum diameter on FLAIR (P = 0.004) and also demonstrated significantly higher median rCBV than CNV-S tumors (2.62 vs 0.78, P = 0.019). CNV-U tumors tended to have shorter time to progression although without statistical significance (P = 0.393). CONCLUSIONS: Larger size/diameter and higher rCBVs were seen associated CNV-U astrocytomas, suggesting a correlation of aggressive imaging phenotype with unstable and aggressive genotype in IDH mutant astrocytomas.


Asunto(s)
Astrocitoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Astrocitoma/genética , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Encefálicas/genética , Variaciones en el Número de Copia de ADN/genética , Isocitrato Deshidrogenasa/genética , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Astrocitoma/mortalidad , Neoplasias Encefálicas/mortalidad , Femenino , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fenotipo , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adulto Joven
10.
N Engl J Med ; 372(26): 2481-98, 2015 Jun 25.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26061751

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Diffuse low-grade and intermediate-grade gliomas (which together make up the lower-grade gliomas, World Health Organization grades II and III) have highly variable clinical behavior that is not adequately predicted on the basis of histologic class. Some are indolent; others quickly progress to glioblastoma. The uncertainty is compounded by interobserver variability in histologic diagnosis. Mutations in IDH, TP53, and ATRX and codeletion of chromosome arms 1p and 19q (1p/19q codeletion) have been implicated as clinically relevant markers of lower-grade gliomas. METHODS: We performed genomewide analyses of 293 lower-grade gliomas from adults, incorporating exome sequence, DNA copy number, DNA methylation, messenger RNA expression, microRNA expression, and targeted protein expression. These data were integrated and tested for correlation with clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Unsupervised clustering of mutations and data from RNA, DNA-copy-number, and DNA-methylation platforms uncovered concordant classification of three robust, nonoverlapping, prognostically significant subtypes of lower-grade glioma that were captured more accurately by IDH, 1p/19q, and TP53 status than by histologic class. Patients who had lower-grade gliomas with an IDH mutation and 1p/19q codeletion had the most favorable clinical outcomes. Their gliomas harbored mutations in CIC, FUBP1, NOTCH1, and the TERT promoter. Nearly all lower-grade gliomas with IDH mutations and no 1p/19q codeletion had mutations in TP53 (94%) and ATRX inactivation (86%). The large majority of lower-grade gliomas without an IDH mutation had genomic aberrations and clinical behavior strikingly similar to those found in primary glioblastoma. CONCLUSIONS: The integration of genomewide data from multiple platforms delineated three molecular classes of lower-grade gliomas that were more concordant with IDH, 1p/19q, and TP53 status than with histologic class. Lower-grade gliomas with an IDH mutation either had 1p/19q codeletion or carried a TP53 mutation. Most lower-grade gliomas without an IDH mutation were molecularly and clinically similar to glioblastoma. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health.).


Asunto(s)
ADN de Neoplasias/análisis , Genes p53 , Glioma/genética , Mutación , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Cromosomas Humanos Par 1 , Cromosomas Humanos Par 19 , Análisis por Conglomerados , Femenino , Glioblastoma/genética , Glioma/metabolismo , Glioma/mortalidad , Humanos , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Clasificación del Tumor , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Transducción de Señal
11.
J Biol Chem ; 290(52): 30697-712, 2015 Dec 25.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26546682

RESUMEN

We performed untargeted metabolomics in plasma of B6 mice with experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) at the chronic phase of the disease in search of an altered metabolic pathway(s). Of 324 metabolites measured, 100 metabolites that mapped to various pathways (mainly lipids) linked to mitochondrial function, inflammation, and membrane stability were observed to be significantly altered between EAE and control (p < 0.05, false discovery rate <0.10). Bioinformatics analysis revealed six metabolic pathways being impacted and altered in EAE, including α-linolenic acid and linoleic acid metabolism (PUFA). The metabolites of PUFAs, including ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids, are commonly decreased in mouse models of multiple sclerosis (MS) and in patients with MS. Daily oral administration of resolvin D1, a downstream metabolite of ω-3, decreased disease progression by suppressing autoreactive T cells and inducing an M2 phenotype of monocytes/macrophages and resident brain microglial cells. This study provides a proof of principle for the application of metabolomics to identify an endogenous metabolite(s) possessing drug-like properties, which is assessed for therapy in preclinical mouse models of MS.


Asunto(s)
Encefalomielitis Autoinmune Experimental/metabolismo , Esclerosis Múltiple/metabolismo , Plasma/metabolismo , Animales , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Ácidos Grasos Insaturados/química , Ácidos Grasos Insaturados/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Redes y Vías Metabólicas , Metabolómica , Ratones , Plasma/química
12.
J Neurooncol ; 125(2): 287-95, 2015 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26359131

RESUMEN

In neurosurgical applications, a tool capable of distinguishing grey matter, white matter, and areas of tumor and/or necrosis in near-real time could greatly aid in tumor resection decision making. Raman spectroscopy is a non-destructive spectroscopic technique which provides molecular information about the tissue under examination based on the vibrational properties of the constituent molecules. With careful measurement and data processing, a spatial step and repeat acquisition of Raman spectra can be used to create Raman images. Forty frozen brain tissue sections were imaged in their entirety using a 300-µm-square measurement grid, and two or more regions of interest within each tissue were also imaged using a 25 µm-square step size. Molecular correlates for histologic features of interest were identified within the Raman spectra, and novel imaging algorithms were developed to compare molecular features across multiple tissues. In previous work, the relative concentration of individual biomolecules was imaged. Here, the relative concentrations of 1004, 1300:1344, and 1660 cm(-1), which correspond primarily to protein and lipid content, were simultaneously imaged across all tissues. This provided simple interpretation of boundaries between grey matter, white matter, and diseased tissue, and corresponded with findings from adjacent hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections. This novel, yet simple, multi-channel imaging technique allows clinically-relevant resolution with straightforward molecular interpretation of Raman images not possible by imaging any single peak. This method can be applied to either surgical or laboratory tools for rapid, non-destructive imaging of grey and white matter.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Glioblastoma/patología , Sustancia Gris/patología , Espectrometría Raman , Sustancia Blanca/patología , Femenino , Secciones por Congelación , Humanos , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador , Masculino , Necrosis/patología
13.
Nature ; 457(7231): 910-4, 2009 Feb 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19212411

RESUMEN

Multiple, complex molecular events characterize cancer development and progression. Deciphering the molecular networks that distinguish organ-confined disease from metastatic disease may lead to the identification of critical biomarkers for cancer invasion and disease aggressiveness. Although gene and protein expression have been extensively profiled in human tumours, little is known about the global metabolomic alterations that characterize neoplastic progression. Using a combination of high-throughput liquid-and-gas-chromatography-based mass spectrometry, we profiled more than 1,126 metabolites across 262 clinical samples related to prostate cancer (42 tissues and 110 each of urine and plasma). These unbiased metabolomic profiles were able to distinguish benign prostate, clinically localized prostate cancer and metastatic disease. Sarcosine, an N-methyl derivative of the amino acid glycine, was identified as a differential metabolite that was highly increased during prostate cancer progression to metastasis and can be detected non-invasively in urine. Sarcosine levels were also increased in invasive prostate cancer cell lines relative to benign prostate epithelial cells. Knockdown of glycine-N-methyl transferase, the enzyme that generates sarcosine from glycine, attenuated prostate cancer invasion. Addition of exogenous sarcosine or knockdown of the enzyme that leads to sarcosine degradation, sarcosine dehydrogenase, induced an invasive phenotype in benign prostate epithelial cells. Androgen receptor and the ERG gene fusion product coordinately regulate components of the sarcosine pathway. Here, by profiling the metabolomic alterations of prostate cancer progression, we reveal sarcosine as a potentially important metabolic intermediary of cancer cell invasion and aggressivity.


Asunto(s)
Progresión de la Enfermedad , Metabolómica , Neoplasias de la Próstata/metabolismo , Sarcosina/metabolismo , Andrógenos/fisiología , Línea Celular , Línea Celular Tumoral , Técnicas de Silenciamiento del Gen , Glicina N-Metiltransferasa/genética , Glicina N-Metiltransferasa/metabolismo , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias de la Próstata/enzimología , Neoplasias de la Próstata/genética , Sarcosina/análisis , Sarcosina/orina , Sarcosina-Deshidrogenasa/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal
14.
Radiology ; 272(2): 484-93, 2014 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24646147

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To correlate patient survival with morphologic imaging features and hemodynamic parameters obtained from the nonenhancing region (NER) of glioblastoma (GBM), along with clinical and genomic markers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An institutional review board waiver was obtained for this HIPAA-compliant retrospective study. Forty-five patients with GBM underwent baseline imaging with contrast material-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced T2*-weighted perfusion MR imaging. Molecular and clinical predictors of survival were obtained. Single and multivariable models of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were explored with Kaplan-Meier estimates, Cox regression, and random survival forests. RESULTS: Worsening OS (log-rank test, P = .0103) and PFS (log-rank test, P = .0223) were associated with increasing relative cerebral blood volume of NER (rCBVNER), which was higher with deep white matter involvement (t test, P = .0482) and poor NER margin definition (t test, P = .0147). NER crossing the midline was the only morphologic feature of NER associated with poor survival (log-rank test, P = .0125). Preoperative Karnofsky performance score (KPS) and resection extent (n = 30) were clinically significant OS predictors (log-rank test, P = .0176 and P = .0038, respectively). No genomic alterations were associated with survival, except patients with high rCBVNER and wild-type epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation had significantly poor survival (log-rank test, P = .0306; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.62). Combining resection extent with rCBVNER marginally improved prognostic ability (permutation, P = .084). Random forest models of presurgical predictors indicated rCBVNER as the top predictor; also important were KPS, age at diagnosis, and NER crossing the midline. A multivariable model containing rCBVNER, age at diagnosis, and KPS can be used to group patients with more than 1 year of difference in observed median survival (0.49-1.79 years). CONCLUSION: Patients with high rCBVNER and NER crossing the midline and those with high rCBVNER and wild-type EGFR mutation showed poor survival. In multivariable survival models, however, rCBVNER provided unique prognostic information that went above and beyond the assessment of all NER imaging features, as well as clinical and genomic features.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas/genética , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Glioblastoma/genética , Glioblastoma/patología , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Neoplasias Encefálicas/cirugía , Medios de Contraste , Femenino , Genómica , Glioblastoma/cirugía , Humanos , Aumento de la Imagen/métodos , Interpretación de Imagen Asistida por Computador/métodos , Masculino , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Pronóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Tasa de Supervivencia
15.
J Neurooncol ; 120(1): 55-62, 2014 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25038847

RESUMEN

Raman spectroscopy provides a molecular signature of the region being studied. It is ideal for neurosurgical applications because it is non-destructive, label-free, not impacted by water concentration, and can map an entire region of tissue. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the meaningful spatial molecular information provided by Raman spectroscopy for identification of regions of normal brain, necrosis, diffusely infiltrating glioma and solid glioblastoma (GBM). Five frozen section tissues (1 normal, 1 necrotic, 1 GBM, and 2 infiltrating glioma) were mapped in their entirety using a 300-µm-square step size. Smaller regions of interest were also mapped using a 25-µm step size. The relative concentrations of relevant biomolecules were mapped across all tissues and compared with adjacent hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections, allowing identification of normal, GBM, and necrotic regions. Raman peaks and peak ratios mapped included 1003, 1313, 1431, 1585, and 1659 cm(-1). Tissue maps identified boundaries of grey and white matter, necrosis, GBM, and infiltrating tumor. Complementary information, including relative concentration of lipids, protein, nucleic acid, and hemoglobin, was presented in a manner which can be easily adapted for in vivo tissue mapping. Raman spectroscopy can successfully provide label-free imaging of tissue characteristics with high accuracy. It can be translated to a surgical or laboratory tool for rapid, non-destructive imaging of tumor margins.


Asunto(s)
Mapeo Encefálico/métodos , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Encéfalo/patología , Glioblastoma/patología , Glioma/patología , Imagen Molecular/métodos , Espectrometría Raman/métodos , Anciano , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Estudios de Seguimiento , Secciones por Congelación , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Necrosis , Pronóstico
16.
J Neurooncol ; 116(3): 477-85, 2014 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24390405

RESUMEN

The need exists for a highly accurate, efficient and inexpensive tool to distinguish normal brain tissue from glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and necrosis boundaries rapidly, in real-time, in the operating room. Raman spectroscopy provides a unique biochemical signature of a tissue type, with the potential to provide intraoperative identification of tumor and necrosis boundaries. We aimed to develop a database of Raman spectra from normal brain, GBM, and necrosis, and a methodology for distinguishing these pathologies. Raman spectroscopy was used to measure 95 regions from 40 frozen tissue sections using 785 nm excitation wavelength. Review of adjacent hematoxylin and eosin sections confirmed histology of each region. Three regions each of normal grey matter, necrosis, and GBM were selected as a training set. Ten regions were selected as a validation set, with a secondary validation set of tissue regions containing freeze artifact. Grey matter contained higher lipid (1061, 1081 cm(-1)) content, whereas necrosis revealed increased protein and nucleic acid content (1003, 1206, 1239, 1255-1266, 1552 cm(-1)). GBM fell between these two extremes. Discriminant function analysis showed 99.6, 97.8, and 77.5% accuracy in distinguishing tissue types in the training, validation, and validation with freeze artifact datasets, respectively. Decreased classification in the freeze artifact group was due to tissue preparation damage. This study shows the potential of Raman spectroscopy to accurately identify normal brain, necrosis, and GBM as a tool to augment pathologic diagnosis. Future work will develop mapped images of diffuse glioma and neoplastic margins toward development of an intraoperative surgical tool.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Encéfalo/patología , Secciones por Congelación , Glioblastoma/patología , Necrosis/patología , Espectrometría Raman , Anciano , Mapeo Encefálico , Análisis Discriminante , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Tiempo
17.
bioRxiv ; 2024 Feb 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38370675

RESUMEN

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common inflammatory neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) in young adults and results in progressive neurological defects. The relapsing-remitting phenotype (RRMS) is the most common disease course in MS and may progress to the progressive form (PPMS). Objectives: There is a gap in knowledge regarding whether the relapsing form can be distinguished from the progressive course or healthy subjects (HS) based on an altered serum metabolite profile. In this study, we performed global untargeted metabolomics with the 2D GCxGC-MS platform to identify altered metabolites between RRMS, PPMS, and HS. Methods: We profiled 235 metabolites in the serum of patients with RRMS (n=41), PPMS (n=31), and HS (n=91). A comparison of RRMS and HS patients revealed 22 significantly altered metabolites at p<0.05 (false discovery rate [FDR]=0.3). The PPMS and HS comparisons revealed 28 altered metabolites at p<0.05 (FDR=0.2). Results: Pathway analysis using MetaboAnalyst revealed enrichment of four metabolic pathways in both RRMS and PPMS (hypergeometric test p<0.05): 1) galactose metabolism; 2) amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism; 3) phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis; and 4) aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. The Qiagen IPA enrichment test identified the sulfatase 2 (SULF2) (p=0.0033) and integrin subunit beta 1 binding protein 1 (ITGB1BP1) (p=0.0067) genes as upstream regulators of altered metabolites in the RRMS vs. HS groups. However, in the PPMS vs. HS comparison, valine was enriched in the neurodegeneration of brain cells (p=0.05), and heptadecanoic acid, alpha-ketoisocaproic acid, and glycerol participated in inflammation in the CNS (p=0.03). Conclusion: Overall, our study suggested that RRMS and PPMS may contribute metabolic fingerprints in the form of unique altered metabolites for discriminating MS disease from HS, with the potential for constructing a metabolite panel for progressive autoimmune diseases such as MS.

18.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38684319

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Understanding sex-based differences in glioblastoma patients is necessary for accurate personalized treatment planning to improve patient outcomes. PURPOSE: To investigate sex-specific differences in molecular, clinical and radiological tumor parameters, as well as survival outcomes in glioblastoma, isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 wildtype (IDH1-WT), grade 4 patients. METHODS: Retrospective data of 1832 glioblastoma, IDH1-WT patients with comprehensive information on tumor parameters was acquired from the Radiomics Signatures for Precision Oncology in Glioblastoma (ReSPOND) consortium. Data imputation was performed for missing values. Sex-based differences in tumor parameters, such as, age, molecular parameters, pre-operative KPS score, tumor volumes, epicenter and laterality were assessed through non-parametric tests. Spatial atlases were generated using pre-operative MRI maps to visualize tumor characteristics. Survival time analysis was performed through log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazard analyses. RESULTS: GBM was diagnosed at a median age of 64 years in females compared to 61.9 years in males (FDR = 0.003). Males had a higher Karnofsky Performance Score (above 80) as compared to females (60.4% females Vs 69.7% males, FDR = 0.044). Females had lower tumor volumes in enhancing (16.7 cm3 Vs. 20.6 cm3 in males, FDR = 0.001), necrotic core (6.18 cm3 Vs. 7.76 cm3 in males, FDR = 0.001) and edema regions (46.9 cm3 Vs. 59.2 cm3 in males, FDR = 0.0001). Right temporal region was the most common tumor epicenter in the overall population. Right as well as left temporal lobes were more frequently involved in males. There were no significant differences in survival outcomes and mortality ratios. Higher age, unmethylated O6-methylguanine-DNAmethyltransferase (MGMT) promoter and undergoing subtotal resection increased the mortality risk in both males and females. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates significant sex-based differences in clinical and radiological tumor parameters of glioblastoma, IDH1-WT, grade 4 patients. Sex is not an independent prognostic factor for survival outcomes and the tumor parameters influencing patient outcomes are identical for males and females. ABBREVIATIONS: IDH1-WT = isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 wildtype; MGMTp = O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase promoter; KPS = Karnofsky performance score; EOR = extent of resection; WHO = world health organization; FDR = false discovery rate.

19.
Cancer Res ; 84(5): 741-756, 2024 03 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38117484

RESUMEN

Tumor adaptation or selection is thought to underlie therapy resistance in glioma. To investigate longitudinal epigenetic evolution of gliomas in response to therapeutic pressure, we performed an epigenomic analysis of 132 matched initial and recurrent tumors from patients with IDH-wildtype (IDHwt) and IDH-mutant (IDHmut) glioma. IDHwt gliomas showed a stable epigenome over time with relatively low levels of global methylation. The epigenome of IDHmut gliomas showed initial high levels of genome-wide DNA methylation that was progressively reduced to levels similar to those of IDHwt tumors. Integration of epigenomics, gene expression, and functional genomics identified HOXD13 as a master regulator of IDHmut astrocytoma evolution. Furthermore, relapse of IDHmut tumors was accompanied by histologic progression that was associated with survival, as validated in an independent cohort. Finally, the initial cell composition of the tumor microenvironment varied between IDHwt and IDHmut tumors and changed differentially following treatment, suggesting increased neoangiogenesis and T-cell infiltration upon treatment of IDHmut gliomas. This study provides one of the largest cohorts of paired longitudinal glioma samples with epigenomic, transcriptomic, and genomic profiling and suggests that treatment of IDHmut glioma is associated with epigenomic evolution toward an IDHwt-like phenotype. SIGNIFICANCE: Standard treatments are related to loss of DNA methylation in IDHmut glioma, resulting in epigenetic activation of genes associated with tumor progression and alterations in the microenvironment that resemble treatment-naïve IDHwt glioma.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas , Glioma , Isocitrato Deshidrogenasa , Humanos , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Epigénesis Genética , Epigenómica , Glioma/patología , Isocitrato Deshidrogenasa/genética , Isocitrato Deshidrogenasa/metabolismo , Mutación , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/genética , Microambiente Tumoral
20.
Genomics ; 99(5): 265-74, 2012 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22497771

RESUMEN

We explore the utility of p-value weighting for enhancing the power to detect differential metabolites in a two-sample setting. Related gene expression information is used to assign an a priori importance level to each metabolite being tested. We map the gene expression to a metabolite through pathways and then gene expression information is summarized per-pathway using gene set enrichment tests. Through simulation we explore four styles of enrichment tests and four weight functions to convert the gene information into a meaningful p-value weight. We implement the p-value weighting on a prostate cancer metabolomic dataset. Gene expression on matched samples is used to construct the weights. Under certain regulatory conditions, the use of weighted p-values does not inflate the type I error above what we see for the un-weighted tests except in high correlation situations. The power to detect differential metabolites is notably increased in situations with disjoint pathways and shows moderate improvement, relative to the proportion of enriched pathways, when pathway membership overlaps.


Asunto(s)
Algoritmos , Simulación por Computador , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica/métodos , Metabolómica/métodos , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias de la Próstata/genética , Neoplasias de la Próstata/metabolismo , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados
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