Discrete Distribution of binding sites for Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) and for peanut agglutinin (PNA) in mouse organ tissues.

The distribution of binding sites for two lectins with different specificities was studied in adult mice by staining paraffin sections with lectins labeled either with fluorescein isothiocyanate or horseradish peroxidase. Binding sites for Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, a lectin specific to terminal alpha-N-acetylgalactosamine residue, were detected only in several restricted regions, such as collecting tubules and Bowman's capsules of the kidney, bile ducts, pancreatic ducts, sperms, oocytes, some secreting cells, and the secreted mucin itself. Binding sites for peanut agglutinin (PNA), a lectin specific to terminal beta-galactosyl residue, were distributed more widely. However, differentiation-dependent alterations in the expression of PNA binding sites have been observed in two types of cell lineage. During the course of spermatogenesis, the binding sites were expressed at the stage of spermatocytes. In the epithelium of esophagus, the binding sites were present in cells of the superficial layer.

Massive rectal bleeding due to ileal tuberculosis.

A patient with massive rectal bleeding due to ileal tuberculosis is reported. Technetium-99m labelled red blood cell scintigraphy indicated hemorrhage from the ileum, and laparotomy was then carried out. A 70-cm segment of ileum containing ulcers and erosions was resected, and epitheloid granuloma with Langhans-type giant cell was found in the resected specimen. Massive rectal bleeding is considered a rare presenting symptom of intestinal tuberculosis. Intestinal tuberculosis, including small intestinal tuberculosis, although uncommon, should be taken into consideration as a cause of rectal bleeding.

Monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the left parietal bone--case report.

A 14-year-old female presented with a hard, painless mass, 5 x 5 cm, in the left parietal region. Skull x-rays showed a radiolucent skull tumor with a sclerotic margin in the parietal region. Computed tomography revealed an intradiploic multilocular mass separated by bony trabeculae. The outer table had thinned and protruded outward. The inner table was also thin and protruded inward slightly. External carotid angiography revealed a faint tumor stain and feeding from the middle meningeal artery. Bone scintigraphy revealed abnormal uptake in the lesion. Total removal of the skull tumor and cranioplasty were performed. The histological diagnosis was fibrous dysplasia. Fibrous dysplasia within the cranial vault is often expressed as painless bulging without neurological symptoms. Surgery is recommended when neurological symptoms and/or cosmetic problems are present. Histological confirmation of the diagnosis is also important.

[Demonstration of PIVKA-II and AFP production by gastric cancer by indirect immunoenzymatic staining of paraffin sections].

The patient had elevated plasma PIVKA-II and serum AFP levels. However, no tumor was detected with an ultrasonography, angiography, abdominal computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MR). Gastric endoscopic examination disclosed gastric cancer and then subtotal gastrectomy was done. Shortly after the surgery, both plasma PIVKA-II and serum AFP levels returned to each normal level. The extirpated tumor revealed histologically immature and mature cancer cells. It was pathologically diagnosed as IIc early cancer. The localization of PIVKA-II and AFP in gastric cancer cells was demonstrated by the immunostaining method using monoclonal antibody. Taken together, these results indicate that cancer cells may produce PIVKA-II or AFP in this patient.

[A case of deep sylvian meningioma presenting temporal lobe epilepsy].

A rare case of deep sylvian meningioma is presented. A 62-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of one year history of temporal lobe epilepsy. She had no neurological deficit except for EEG abnormality. CT scans showed a small calcified mass in the left temporal lobe adjacent to the sylvian fissure with no enhancement by contrast medium. The mass was low-intense in both T1- and T2-weighted MR images. The T1-weighted image after the infusion of gadolinium revealed enhancement of the middle cerebral artery adjacent to the mass, similar to dural tail sign. Left external carotid angiography did not show any tumor stain nor the dilatation of the middle meningeal artery. Left internal carotid angiography disclosed enlarged middle cerebral artery without tumor stain. A left frontotemporal craniotomy was performed and the mass was totally removed. The tumor was located deep in sylvian fissure without any connection to the dura or ventricular system, which was firmly adherent to the middle cerebral artery. The histological examination of the surgical specimen revealed a psammomatous meningioma. Meningiomas are believed to originate from the arachnoid cap cells and can arise from various intracranial locations where arachnoid cap cells exist. The majority of them are attached to the dura, choroid plexus, or the tela choroidea. Only eleven cases of deep sylvian meningiomas have been presented in the literature. We have reviewed the clinical and radiological findings in such meningiomas. MR findings in deep sylvian meningioma have not been described.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Interaction of polymorphonuclear leukocytes with immune complexes trapped in rheumatoid articular cartilage.

When rheumatoid articular cartilage samples were incubated with normal polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in vitro, large numbers of PMN were seen attached to the articular surface. As observed by electron microscopy, significant numbers of these cells invaded the cartilage tissue and phagocytosed amorphous material which presumably contained immune complexes. In control cartilage from osteoarthritic, pyogenic, and normal subjects, only a few PMN were attached to the articular surface after incubation with PMN. These results demonstrate that immune complexes trapped in the superficial region of the rheumatoid articular cartilage may play an important role in the destruction of cartilage by the release of lysosomal enzymes from PMN.

Prenatal diagnosis of prune belly syndrome at 12 weeks of pregnancy: case report and review of the literature.

We present a case of prune belly syndrome in a 12-week fetus whose previous anomaly scan at 10 weeks had been normal. The ultrasound diagnosis was based on the findings of a lower abdominal cystic echo caused by abnormal dilatation of the bladder. Termination was performed at 14 weeks and autopsy confirmed the distended bladder. In addition, there was bilateral hydronephrosis and an absence of abdominal muscles, liver, spleen and diaphragm. A review of the literature indicates that ours may be the earliest reported case of prune belly syndrome.

E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 mediate adult T-cell leukemia cell adhesion to endothelial cells.

We studied the adhesion properties of peripheral blood leukemic cells from 10 patients with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) to endothelial cells to better understand the mechanism of leukemic cell infiltration. ATL cells expressed lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), but the expression of very late antigen-4 (VLA-4) and sialyl-Lewisx (SLex) was variable. They did not express sialyl-Lewisa (SLea). Cell adhesion assays, which were performed in nine patients, showed marked adhesion of ATL cells to interleukin [IL]-1-activated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). A monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against E-selectin consistently inhibited ATL cell adhesion, and an MoAb against vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) or an MoAb against VLA-4 sometimes diminished it. In contrast, an MoAb against LFA-1 had a minor effect on freshly isolated ATL cell adhesion to HUVEC. The percentage of SLex+ cells in the cell population adherent to IL-1-activated HUVEC was slightly higher than that in unseparated cells. These results, together with the detection of E-selectin expression on the endothelium at ATL skin lesions, indicate that E-selectin-mediated adhesion is the major pathway for the adherence of ATL cells to endothelial cells. In addition, the ligand for E-selectin on ATL cells appears to differ from that on neutrophils.

Hepatic angiomyolipoma pre-operatively diagnosed by imaging.

An asymptomatic patient with pre-operatively diagnosed solitary angiomyolipoma is reported. The tumour was a well defined, fat density mass on computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and a hyperechoic nodule with a sharp margin on ultrasonography (US). The lesion was hypervascular on arteriography and CT during hepatic angiography. Chemical shift MRI confirmed the fat component within the lesion. Although a review of the literature shows this tumour to be rare and difficult to differentiate from a malignant lesion pre-operatively, the pre-operative diagnosis of angiomyolipoma is considered feasible when the characteristic findings as described here are present.

Effects of oestradiol and progesterone on the alkaline phosphatase activity of a human endometrial cancer cell-line.

The alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) activity of a human endometrial cancer cell-line, established and designated as HEC-50-B in our laboratory, was investigated biochemically and histochemically in relation to its cell growth pattern and to the effects of the sex steroid hormones, oestradiol and progesterone. The ATPase activity increased sharply in the early stationary phase to reach an activity almost 2.5 times higher than that obtained in earlier stages of the culture. On administration of oestradiol to the culture medium, a sharp elevation of the ALPase activity was induced on an average of 2 days earlier (late logarithmic phase) than in the case of an ordinary culture (no hormone administration), without causing a notable change in cell growth pattern. It should be noticed, however, that progesterone at such a low concentration that had very little effect on cell growth in the culture could clearly prohibit the elevation of ALPase activity. This hormonal effect on the ALPase activity resembled that on the enzyme activity of the endometrium of adult women. The ALPase activity of both the cultured endometrial cancer cells and the endometrium was found to be a sensitive indicator of the effect of progesterone. It would be a useful tool for future study in elucidating the mechanism of hormonal control of the neoplasm.

Inoculation of dengue virus into nude mice.

When athymic nude (nu/nu) and heterozygous littermate (nu/+) mice were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with a mouse-adapted strain of dengue virus (DV), the following differences were noted in the course of infection. (i) The average survival time of nu/nu mice was longer than that of nu/+ mice, although the mortality ratios were not significantly different. (ii) DV persisted in some of the nu/nu mice for long periods of time without exhibiting any symptoms but they died after prolonged incubation periods. These aspects were not observed in the nu/+ mice. (iii) Infected nu/nu mice produced IgM antibody only transiently in the early stage of infection but they did not subsequently show regular IgG antibody production which normally occurred in nu/+ mice. (iv) Piamatral and perivascular mononuclear cell infiltration in the infected brain was more intense in nu/+ than in nu/nu mice. It is suggested from these data that the course of DV infection in mice is affected by the availability of thymus-derived lymphocytes (T-cells). Infectious virus was detected in various organs and tissues of infected mice. The hearts of nu/nu mice tended to show higher virus titres than those of nu/+ mice, whereas the virus concentrations in the brain, skeletal muscle and lymph node were the same in both groups of mice. Specific DV antigen was revealed by the fluorescent antibody (FA) technique in cells located in the infected tissues.

Lymphangioma of the duodenum: report of a case.

A case of lymphangioma of the duodenum with a successful preoperative diagnosis is reported herein. A 76-year-old man who complained of tarry stool was found to have a hemorrhagic polypoid tumor in the third portion of the duodenum. The tumor was diagnosed histologically as cavernous lymphangioma by endoscopic biopsy. Since such a tumor is essentially benign, a partial resection of the duodenum including the tumor was performed. Therefore, an endoscopic biopsy seems to be valuable in the diagnosis of duodenal lymphangioma.

Malignant meningioma with repeated multiple recurrence. A case report.

A case of malignant meningioma with repeated multiple recurrence was reported. A 22 year-old male first underwent the total removal of left parieto-occipital convexity meningioma in 1965. Although he had lived an uneventful life after the operation, he recognized motor weakness of the left lower limb in April 1985 when he was 41 years old and CT revealed a large tumor in the parieto-occipital parasagittal region. He underwent the total removal of the tumor and cranioplasty on May 23, 1985. After the second operation, repeated recurrence of multiple tumors was seen, which were in the frontal, parietal and occipital convexities, parasagittal regions and falx. He underwent further operations on January 23, 1986, December 11, 1986, March 30, 1987 and July 20, 1987 in addition to the first and second ones. Histological study on every operation indicated malignant meningioma with mitosis, hypercellularity and necrosis. Though radiotherapy (56 Gy whole brain irradiation) was conducted after the sixth operation, multiple tumors recurred and clinical symptoms and signs deteriorated gradually and he finally died September 9, 1989. In malignant meningioma such as our case, early aggressive radiotherapy and chemotherapy should be considered besides radical operations.

Carcinosarcoma of the esophagus: a report of two cases.

Among 137 cases of esophageal neoplasms surgically treated at Kobe City General Hospital from 1983 to 1990, there were two patients with a huge polypoid lesion identified as carcinosarcoma by light microscopic examination, both of whom underwent radical resection and esophagogastrostomy. Microscopic examination of the resected specimens revealed the tumors to be composed of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements. Additional immunohistochemical examination disclosed keratin-positive cells in the carcinomatous element and vimentin-positive cells in the sarcomatous element. In case 1, keratin-positive cells were also found in the sarcomatous element, which suggested that the sarcomatous cells were derived from epithelial cells. Despite the huge size of the tumors, the depth of invasion to the esophageal wall was limited to the mucosal layer in case 1 and the submucosal layer in case 2, and there has been no evidence of recurrence in either case since surgery.