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OBJECTIVE: To verify the effect of orthognathic surgery (OS) on nasal dimensions and its correlation with respiratory symptoms in patients operated on over the past 20 years. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Tertiary level craniofacial hospital. PARTICIPANTS: 535 patients with CLP previously repaired, without syndromes, age over 18, who performed OS between 2000 and 2019 and rhinomanometric evaluation pre and post OS. INTERVENTIONS: Maxillary advancement isolated and combined with turbinectomy and/or mandibular osteotomy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Minimum nasal cross-sectional area (CSA) assessed by posterior (PR) and anterior rhinomanometry (AR), nasopharyngeal cross-sectional area (NCSA) verified by modified AR, and self-perceived respiratory symptoms through a questionnaire. RESULTS: After OS, there was a significant increase in CSA assessed by PR (p < .001) and AR (p < .001), while there was no significant difference in NCSA (p = 0.319). Regarding respiratory symptoms after OS, 26.3% showed improvement in nasal obstruction, 28.5% in oronasal breathing, 18.5% in snoring, and 5.2% in respiratory obstruction during sleep. However, a weak correlation between increased CSA and improvement of symptoms was observed. In the first decade, lower values of CSA (p < .001) and NCSA (p < .001) were observed compared to the second decade. Both periods showed a significant increase in CSA (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Nasal dimensions and breathing symptoms were improved by OS when combined with turbinectomy. Comparing the results of patients operated on between two different decades, patients had more favorable conditions for breathing in the most recent decade of care. However, this was not statistically correlated with the improvement in patient symptoms in this study.
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INTRODUCTION: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is a high-prevalence disorder found in the population. Studies have shown a possible association between nasal obstruction and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, but the existence of a association between the degree of nasal obstruction and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome severity has not yet been proven. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the internal nasal dimensions of adults with primary snoring and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome by acoustic rhinometry and to correlate the findings with obstructive sleep apnea severity. METHODS: Twenty-one male Caucasian subjects with complaints of snoring and/or respiratory pauses during sleep, aged between 18 and 60 years of age, were evaluated. After clinical evaluation, otorhinolaryngological examination and flexible nasopharyngolaryngoscopy, all patients underwent type III polysomnography. The participants were divided into two groups according to symptom severity: group 1, primary snoring and/or mild obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(nâ¯=â¯9) and group 2, moderate/severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (nâ¯=â¯12). Internal nasal dimensions were measured by acoustic rhinometry, analyzing minimum cross sectional area (CSA) and three nasal segment volumes. RESULTS: The respiratory event index corresponded to 8.1⯱â¯4.0 in group 1 and 47.5⯱â¯19.1 in group 2. In group 1, the cross-sectional areas values, in cm2, corresponded to: CSA 1â¯=â¯1.1⯱â¯0.4; CSA 2â¯=â¯2.1⯱â¯0.9; CSA 3â¯=â¯3.5⯱â¯1.8 and, in group 2: CSA 1â¯=â¯1.2⯱â¯0.3, CSA 2â¯=â¯2.0⯱â¯0.5; CSA 3â¯=â¯2.8⯱â¯0.7. In group 1, volumes (V), in cm3, corresponded to: V1â¯=â¯3.5⯱â¯1.0; V2â¯=â¯9.3⯱â¯5.0; V3â¯=â¯40.2⯱â¯21.5 and in group 2 a: V1â¯=â¯3.6⯱â¯0.5; V2â¯=â¯7.6⯱â¯1.5; V3â¯=â¯31.5⯱â¯6.7. Cross-sectional area and volume ââdid not differ between groups. CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences in the cross-sectional areas and nasal volumes between individuals with primary snoring-mild obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and moderate-severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Differently to the raised hypothesis, our results suggest that there is no association between internal nasal dimensions and severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
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Obstrucción Nasal , Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño , Adolescente , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Polisomnografía/métodos , Factores de Riesgo , Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño/complicaciones , Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño/diagnóstico , Ronquido/complicaciones , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Abstract Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is a high-prevalence disorder found in the population. Studies have shown a possible association between nasal obstruction and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, but the existence of a association between the degree of nasal obstruction and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome severity has not yet been proven. Objective To evaluate the internal nasal dimensions of adults with primary snoring and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome by acoustic rhinometry and to correlate the findings with obstructive sleep apnea severity. Methods Twenty-one male Caucasian subjects with complaints of snoring and/or respiratory pauses during sleep, aged between 18 and 60 years of age, were evaluated. After clinical evaluation, otorhinolaryngological examination and flexible nasopharyngolaryngoscopy, all patients underwent type III polysomnography. The participants were divided into two groups according to symptom severity: group 1, primary snoring and/or mild obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(n = 9) and group 2, moderate/severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (n = 12). Internal nasal dimensions were measured by acoustic rhinometry, analyzing minimum cross sectional area (CSA) and three nasal segment volumes. Results The respiratory event index corresponded to 8.1 ± 4.0 in group 1 and 47.5 ± 19.1 in group 2. In group 1, the cross-sectional areas values, in cm2, corresponded to: CSA 1 = 1.1 ± 0.4; CSA 2 = 2.1 ± 0.9; CSA 3 = 3.5 ± 1.8 and, in group 2: CSA 1 = 1.2 ± 0.3, CSA 2 = 2.0 ± 0.5; CSA 3 = 2.8 ± 0.7. In group 1, volumes (V), in cm3, corresponded to: V1 = 3.5 ± 1.0; V2 = 9.3 ± 5.0; V3 = 40.2 ± 21.5 and in group 2 a: V1 = 3.6 ± 0.5; V2 = 7.6 ± 1.5; V3 = 31.5 ± 6.7. Cross-sectional area and volume did not differ between groups. Conclusion There were no significant differences in the cross-sectional areas and nasal volumes between individuals with primary snoring-mild obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and moderate-severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Differently to the raised hypothesis, our results suggest that there is no association between internal nasal dimensions and severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
Resumo Introdução A síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono é uma desordem de elevada prevalência na população. Estudos constataram possível associação entre obstrução nasal e síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono, porém a existência de uma relação entre a intensidade da obstrução nasal e a gravidade da síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono ainda não foi comprovada. Objetivo Avaliar as dimensões internas nasais de adultos com ronco primário e síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono por meio de rinometria acústica e correlacionar os achados com a gravidade da síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono. Método Foram avaliados 21 indivíduos com queixas de ronco e/ou pausas respiratórias durante o sono, gênero masculino, entre 18 e 60 anos, brancos. Após avaliação clínica, exame físico otorrinolaringológico e nasofaringolaringoscopia flexível, todos foram submetidos à polissonografia tipo III. Os participantes foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com a gravidade dos sintomas: grupo 1, ronco primário e/ou síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono leve (n = 9) e grupo 2, síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono moderada/grave (n = 12). Dimensões internas nasais foram aferidas por rinometria acústica, foram consideradas para análise as áreas de secção transversa mínima e os volumes de três diferentes segmentos nasais. Resultados O índice de eventos respiratórios correspondeu a 8,1 ± 4,0 no grupo 1 e 47,5 ± 19,1 no grupo 2. No grupo 1, os valores de área de secção transversa, em cm2, corresponderam a: área de secção transversa 1 = 1,1 ± 0,4; área de secção transversa 2 = 2,1 ± 0,9; área de secção transversa 3 = 3,5 ± 1,8. No grupo 2: área de secção transversa 1 = 1,2 ± 0,3, área de secção transversa 2 = 2,0 ± 0,5; áre de secção transversa 3 = 2,8 ± 0,7. No grupo 1 os valores do volume, em cm3, corresponderam a: volume 1 = 3,5 ± 1,0; volume 2 = 9,3 ± 5,0; volume 3 = 40,2 ± 21,5 e no grupo 2 a: volume 1 = 3,6 ± 0,5; V2 = 7,6 ± 1,5; volume 3 = 31,5 ± 6,7. Os valores de área de secção transversa e volume não diferiram entre os grupos. Conclusão Não foram demonstradas diferenças significantes quanto às áreas seccionais transversas e os volumes nasais entre indivíduos com ronco primário e síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono leve e síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono moderada-grave. Contrariamente à hipótese levantada, os resultados sugerem não existir relação entre as dimensões internas nasais e o nível de gravidade da síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono.
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OBJECTIVE: To establish normative values of minimum cross-sectional nasopharyngeal area in individuals without craniofacial anomalies at different age ranges. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Ninety-six individuals of both genders, without craniofacial anomalies, and with normal body mass index and neck circumference were evaluated. Participants were divided into 4 age groups: children, aged 6 to 10 years (G1); adolescents, aged 11 to 17 years (G2); young adults, 18 to 39 years (G3), and middle-aged adults, 40 to 59 years (G4). Minimum cross-sectional nasopharyngeal area (nasopharyngeal area - NPA) was assessed by means of modified anterior rhinomanometry (pressure-flow technique) using a PERCI-SARS system (version 3.50 - Microtronics Corp.). RESULTS: Mean±SD values of NPA were 1.025±0.054cm2, 1.055±0.081cm2, 1.050±0.083cm2, and 1.054±0.081cm2, respectively for groups G1, G2, G3, and G4, showing that there were no differences between the four age groups. CONCLUSION: Normative data of NPA were established for individuals without craniofacial anomalies from different age ranges, and they may be used as reference values in the clinical routine and for future studies regarding nasopharyngeal obstruction diagnosis, particularly in cases of craniofacial anomalies.
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Antropometría , Nasofaringe/anatomía & histología , Nasofaringe/fisiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribución por Edad , Manejo de la Vía Aérea , Obstrucción de las Vías Aéreas , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Valores de Referencia , Rinomanometría , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To analyze the velopharyngeal (VP) activity of subjects with velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD) by acoustic rhinometry, as compared to rhinomanometry. METHODS: This was a prospective clinical study conducted in 41 adults, both genders, with repaired cleft palate, with or without a previously repaired cleft lip, and residual VPD on clinical assessment, without compensatory articulations for [p], [t], and [k]. The outcome measures were as follows: (1) on acoustic rhinometry, nasopharyngeal volumetric change (ΔV) during [p], [t], and [k], relatively to rest condition (decreases by <3 cm3 considered as absence of VP activity); (2) on modified anterior rhinomanometry, VP orifice area (areas ≥0.05 cm2 considered as inadequate closure). The plosive [p] was used when comparing the techniques (n=24). RESULTS: (1) A mean ΔV decrease of 18% was observed during [k], which was significantly lower (p<0.05) than the decrease reported for individuals without VPD (30%). ΔV values suggesting VPD were observed in 59% subjects. Similar results were obtained for [p] and [t], which shall be used as stimulus, given that they do not involve the use of the tongue to lift the velum during VP closure, differently from the velar plosive [k]. (2) Inadequate closure was seen in 85% subjects. No correlation was observed between ∆V and VP orifice area. Agreement between techniques was observed in 51% cases. CONCLUSION: Acoustic rhinometry had low accuracy as a diagnostic method of VPD when compared to the gold standard method. Nevertheless, the technique shows potential as a method for monitoring the outcomes of clinical and surgical treatment of VPD aimed at increasing velar and pharyngeal activity.
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Rinomanometría/métodos , Rinometría Acústica/métodos , Insuficiencia Velofaríngea/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Labio Leporino/fisiopatología , Fisura del Paladar/fisiopatología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudios Prospectivos , Rinomanometría/instrumentación , Rinometría Acústica/instrumentación , Insuficiencia Velofaríngea/fisiopatología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
UNLABELLED: Acoustic rhinometry is routinely used for the evaluation of nasal patency. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the technique is able to identify the impairment of velopharyngeal (VP) activity in individuals with clinical diagnosis of velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI). METHODS: Twenty subjects with repaired cleft palate and inadequate velopharyngeal function (IVF) and 18 non-cleft controls with adequate velopharyngeal function (AVF), adults, of both genders, were evaluated. Area-distance curves were obtained during VP rest and speech activity, using an Eccovision Acoustic Rhinometry system. Volume was determined by integrating the area under the curve at the segment corresponding to the nasopharynx. VP activity (ΔV) was estimated by the absolute and relative differences between nasopharyngeal volume at rest (Vr) and during an unreleased/k/ production (Vk). The efficiency of the technique to discriminate IVF and AVF was assessed by a ROC curve. RESULTS: Mean Vk and Vr values (± SD) obtained were: 23.2 ± 3.6 cm3 and 15.9 ± 3.8 cm3 (AVF group), and 22.7 ± 7.9 cm3 and 20.7 ± 7.4 cm3 (IVF group), corresponding to a mean ΔV decay of 7.3 cm3 (31%) for the AVF group and a significantly smaller ΔV decay of 2.0 cm3 (9%) for the IVF group (p < 0.05). Seventy percent of the IVF individuals showed a ΔV suggesting impaired VP function (below the cutoff score of 3.0 cm3 which maximized both sensitivity and specificity of the test), confirming clinical diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Acoustic rhinometry was able to identify, with a good discriminatory power, the impairment of VP activity which characterizes VPI.
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Nasofaringe/fisiopatología , Rinometría Acústica/métodos , Insuficiencia Velofaríngea/fisiopatología , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Fisura del Paladar/fisiopatología , Fisura del Paladar/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Paladar Blando/fisiopatología , Valores de Referencia , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Habla/fisiología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
RESUMO Objetivo Determinar os valores controles da área de secção transversa mínima nasofaríngea de indivíduos sem anomalias craniofaciais e em diferentes faixas etárias. Material e Método Participaram do estudo 96 indivíduos sem anomalias craniofaciais, de ambos os sexos, com índice de massa corpórea e circunferência cervical normais, subdivididos em 4 grupos etários: crianças com idade entre 6 e 10 anos (G1), adolescentes de 11 a 17 anos (G2), adultos jovens entre 18 e 39 anos (G3) e adultos de meia-idade entre 40 e 59 anos (G4). A área seccional transversa mínima nasofaríngea (área nasofaríngea – ANF) foi determinada por meio de rinomanometria anterior modificada (técnica fluxo-pressão), utilizando o sistema PERCI-SARS (versão 3.50 – Microtronics Corp.). Resultados Os valores médios±DP da ANF foram de 1,025±0,054cm2, 1,055±0,081cm2, 1,050±0,083cm2 e 1,054±0,081cm2, respectivamente, para G1, G2, G3 e G4, não havendo diferença entre as 4 faixas etárias. Conclusão Os valores controles da ANF foram determinados para indivíduos sem anomalias craniofaciais de diferentes faixas etárias e servirão de referência na rotina clínica e em estudos envolvendo diagnóstico de obstrução nasofaríngea, principalmente na presença de anomalias craniofaciais.
ABSTRACT Objective To establish normative values of minimum cross-sectional nasopharyngeal area in individuals without craniofacial anomalies at different age ranges. Material and Method Ninety-six individuals of both genders, without craniofacial anomalies, and with normal body mass index and neck circumference were evaluated. Participants were divided into 4 age groups: children, aged 6 to 10 years (G1); adolescents, aged 11 to 17 years (G2); young adults, 18 to 39 years (G3), and middle-aged adults, 40 to 59 years (G4). Minimum cross-sectional nasopharyngeal area (nasopharyngeal area – NPA) was assessed by means of modified anterior rhinomanometry (pressure-flow technique) using a PERCI-SARS system (version 3.50 – Microtronics Corp.). Results Mean±SD values of NPA were 1.025±0.054cm2, 1.055±0.081cm2, 1.050±0.083cm2, and 1.054±0.081cm2, respectively for groups G1, G2, G3, and G4, showing that there were no differences between the four age groups. Conclusion Normative data of NPA were established for individuals without craniofacial anomalies from different age ranges, and they may be used as reference values in the clinical routine and for future studies regarding nasopharyngeal obstruction diagnosis, particularly in cases of craniofacial anomalies.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto , Adulto Joven , Antropometría , Nasofaringe/anatomía & histología , Nasofaringe/fisiología , Valores de Referencia , Distribución por Edad , Rinomanometría , Obstrucción de las Vías Aéreas , Manejo de la Vía Aérea , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
UNLABELLED: Tele-health is more than an innovative alternative; it is an excellent tool that enables access to health and education in health, making it possible to minimize distances, optimize time and reduce costs. Based on these advantages, some Brazilian Universities have used these actions in strategies of education, research and extension, aiming at the application of Tele-health in Brazil. In that way, the Bauru School of Dentistry - University of São Paulo (FOB-USP) has applied the use of information and communication technologies in health by means of a "Tele-Health League" (TL), in order to diagnose, prevent and treat diseases, in addition to educate the population and health services. OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to introduce the characteristics of the Tele-Health League of FOB-USP, as well as the development of its projects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The Tele-Health League consisted as a Diffusion Course approved by the Provost of Culture and Academic Extension of the University of São Paulo. It is composed as a large group enclosing professoriate coordinator, academician principal, contributing professors and league members, those, diversified between undergraduates students, graduated, health employees, technology and information areas. The participant members are evaluated by the presence frequency (minimum of 85%), and by the performance of tests and paperwork about the theoretical content provided. RESULTS: In four years of activities, the TLFOB-USP obtained a high satisfaction index (90%), an increased number of vacancies due to the interest to become a member, more commitment of the professors of the University and the accomplishment of association with other Brazilian leagues. It is emphasized that the approval percentage of the course results in approval from approximately half of its members. Also, it is important to identify and repair the causes related to the quitting of some members. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that the TLFOB-USP members, adjoining to the professor's participants, develop projects in Tele-helth, in Tele-aid and Tele-education areas, thus resulting in the involvement of the University and the community.
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Educación en Salud/métodos , Enseñanza/métodos , Telemedicina/métodos , Brasil , Educación a Distancia/métodos , Humanos , Desarrollo de Programa , Facultades de Odontología , UniversidadesRESUMEN
RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a atividade velofaríngea (VF) de indivíduos com disfunção velofaríngea (DVF) aferida por rinometria acústica, comparativamente à rinomanometria. Métodos: Estudo clínico prospectivo em 41 adultos, de ambos os gêneros, com fissura de palato±lábio previamente operada e DVF residual ao exame clínico, sem articulação compensatória nas plosivas surdas [p], [t] e [k]. Variáveis analisadas: (1) variação volumétrica da nasofaringe (∆V) na produção das três plosivas, relativamente ao repouso, por rinometria acústica (reduções <3 cm3 foram consideradas como ausência de atividade velofaríngea); (2) área do orifício velofaríngeo (área VF), por rinomanometria anterior modificada; áreas ≥0,05 cm2 foram consideradas como fechamento inadequado. Na comparação das técnicas foi utilizada a plosiva [p] (n=24). Resultados: Observou-se: (1) ∆V médio de 18% no [k], significantemente menor (p<0,05) que a redução relatada para normais (30%); valores de ∆V sugestivos de DVF constatados em 59% dos casos. Resultados similares foram obtidos no [p] e [t], mostrando-se mais apropriados para o exame rinométrico, por não envolverem a participação da língua no fechamento velofaríngeo, diferentemente da plosiva velar [k]; (2) fechamento VF inadequado em 85% dos casos. Não houve correlação significativa entre o ∆V e a área do orifício velofaríngeo. A concordância de diagnóstico entre os métodos ocorreu em 51% dos casos. Conclusão: A rinometria acústica não apresentou boa acurácia como método de diagnóstico da DVF frente ao método padrão. Demonstrou, contudo, potencial como método de acompanhamento dos resultados de intervenções clínico-cirúrgicas que levem à maior atividade velar e faríngea.
ABSTRACT Purpose: To analyze the velopharyngeal (VP) activity of subjects with velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD) by acoustic rhinometry, as compared to rhinomanometry. Methods: This was a prospective clinical study conducted in 41 adults, both genders, with repaired cleft palate, with or without a previously repaired cleft lip, and residual VPD on clinical assessment, without compensatory articulations for [p], [t], and [k]. The outcome measures were as follows: (1) on acoustic rhinometry, nasopharyngeal volumetric change (ΔV) during [p], [t], and [k], relatively to rest condition (decreases by <3 cm3 considered as absence of VP activity); (2) on modified anterior rhinomanometry, VP orifice area (areas ≥0.05 cm2 considered as inadequate closure). The plosive [p] was used when comparing the techniques (n=24). Results: (1) A mean ΔV decrease of 18% was observed during [k], which was significantly lower (p<0.05) than the decrease reported for individuals without VPD (30%). ΔV values suggesting VPD were observed in 59% subjects. Similar results were obtained for [p] and [t], which shall be used as stimulus, given that they do not involve the use of the tongue to lift the velum during VP closure, differently from the velar plosive [k]. (2) Inadequate closure was seen in 85% subjects. No correlation was observed between ∆V and VP orifice area. Agreement between techniques was observed in 51% cases. Conclusion: Acoustic rhinometry had low accuracy as a diagnostic method of VPD when compared to the gold standard method. Nevertheless, the technique shows potential as a method for monitoring the outcomes of clinical and surgical treatment of VPD aimed at increasing velar and pharyngeal activity.
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Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Joven , Rinomanometría/métodos , Rinometría Acústica/métodos , Insuficiencia Velofaríngea/diagnóstico , Labio Leporino/fisiopatología , Fisura del Paladar/fisiopatología , Estudios Prospectivos , Rinomanometría/instrumentación , Rinometría Acústica/instrumentación , Insuficiencia Velofaríngea/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
Objetivo investigar o efeito, a longo prazo, da veloplastia intravelar realizada para a correção cirúrgica da insuficiência velofaríngea (IVF) residual, sobre a hipernasalidade de indivíduos com fissura de palato reparada. Métodos foram avaliados 60 pacientes com fissura de palato±lábio operada e IVF residual, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 4 e 52 anos, os quais foram submetidos à palatoplastia secundária com veloplastia intravelar. A avaliação perceptivo-auditiva da fala foi realizada para classificação da hipernasalidade, durante a conversação espontânea e a repetição de vocábulos e frases, utilizando-se escala de 6 pontos, onde 1=ausência e 6=hipernasalidade grave. A nasometria foi utilizada para determinação do escore de nasalância (correlato acústico da nasalidade), durante a leitura de 5 sentenças contendo sons exclusivamente orais, utilizando-se como limite de normalidade o escore de 27%. As avaliações foram realizadas 4 dias antes e 16 meses, em média, após a cirurgia e o sucesso cirúrgico foi analisado com base na proporção de redução e eliminação/normalização da hipernasalidade e da nasalância. Resultados verificou-se, após a cirurgia, redução da hipernasalidade e da nasalância em 75% e 52% dos pacientes, respectivamente. Proporções menores foram identificadas quando utilizado o critério mais rigoroso de análise (eliminação/normalização), ou seja, 32% de eliminação da hipernasalidade e 38% de normalização da nasalância, respectivamente. Conclusão aveloplastia intravelarmostrou ser um procedimento efetivo, a longo prazo, na redução do sintoma mais significante da IVF residual e deve ser considerada como uma primeira ...
Purpose to investigate the long-term effect of intravelar veloplasty for surgical management of velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) on hypernasality of individuals with repaired cleft palate. Methods sixty patients with repaired cleft palate±lip and residual VPI, of both genders, aged 4 to 52 years were analyzed. The patients underwent secondary palatoplasty with intravelar veloplasty. A perceptual speech assessment was used to rate hypernasality using a 6 point-scale, where 1=absent and 6=severe hypernasality. Nasometry was performed for determining nasalance, the acoustic correlate of nasality, during the reading of a set of five Brazilian Portuguese sentences containing only oral sounds, using a cutoff score of 27%. The assessments were done 4 days before and 16 months after surgery, on average, and the surgical success was analyzed based on reduction and elimination/normalization of hypernasality and nasalance. Results postoperative decreases of hypernasality and nasalance scores were observed in 75% and 52% of the patients, respectively. Lower percentages were observed when the criterion of analysis was elimination/normalization (32% of hypernasality elimination and 38% of nasalance normalization, respectively). Conclusion intravelar veloplasty was shown to be an effective procedure in reducing the most important symptom of VPI in the long-term, and should be seen at as a first approach for VPI management. .
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Acoustic rhinometry is routinely used for the evaluation of nasal patency. Objective: To investigate whether the technique is able to identify the impairment of velopharyngeal (VP) activity in individuals with clinical diagnosis of velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI). Methods: Twenty subjects with repaired cleft palate and inadequate velopharyngeal function (IVF) and 18 non-cleft controls with adequate velopharyngeal function (AVF), adults, of both genders, were evaluated. Area-distance curves were obtained during VP rest and speech activity, using an Eccovision Acoustic Rhinometry system. Volume was determined by integrating the area under the curve at the segment corresponding to the nasopharynx. VP activity (ΔV) was estimated by the absolute and relative differences between nasopharyngeal volume at rest (Vr) and during an unreleased /k/ production (Vk). The efficiency of the technique to discriminate IVF and AVF was assessed by a ROC curve. Results: Mean Vk and Vr values (±SD) obtained were: 23.2±3.6 cm3 and 15.9±3.8 cm3 (AVF group), and 22.7±7.9 cm3 and 20.7±7.4 cm3 (IVF group), corresponding to a mean ΔV decay of 7.3 cm3 (31%) for the AVF group and a significantly smaller ΔV decay of 2.0 cm3 (9%) for the IVF group (p<0.05). Seventy percent of the IVF individuals showed a ΔV suggesting impaired VP function (below the cutoff score of 3.0 cm3 which maximized both sensitivity and specificity of the test), confirming clinical diagnosis. Conclusion: Acoustic rhinometry was able to identify, with a good discriminatory power, the impairment of VP activity which characterizes VPI. .
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Adulto , Adulto Joven , Nasofaringe/fisiopatología , Rinometría Acústica/métodos , Insuficiencia Velofaríngea/fisiopatología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Fisura del Paladar/fisiopatología , Fisura del Paladar/cirugía , Paladar Blando/fisiopatología , Valores de Referencia , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Habla/fisiologíaRESUMEN
Tele-health is more than an innovative alternative; it is an excellent tool that enables access to health and education in health, making it possible to minimize distances, optimize time and reduce costs. Based on these advantages, some Brazilian Universities have used these actions in strategies of education, research and extension, aiming at the application of Tele-health in Brazil. In that way, the Bauru School of Dentistry - University of São Paulo (FOB-USP) has applied the use of information and communication technologies in health by means of a "Tele-Health League" (TL), in order to diagnose, prevent and treat diseases, in addition to educate the population and health services. Objective: The present study aims to introduce the characteristics of the Tele-Health League of FOB-USP, as well as the development of its projects. Material and Methods: The Tele-Health League consisted as a Diffusion Course approved by the Provost of Culture and Academic Extension of the University of São Paulo. It is composed as a large group enclosing professoriate coordinator, academician principal, contributing professors and league members, those, diversified between undergraduates students, graduated, health employees, technology and information areas. The participant members are evaluated by the presence frequency (minimum of 85 percent), and by the performance of tests and paperwork about the theoretical content provided. Results: In four years of activities, the TLFOB-USP obtained a high satisfaction index (90 percent), an increased number of vacancies due to the interest to become a member, more commitment of the professors of the University and the accomplishment of association with other Brazilian leagues. It is emphasized that the approval percentage of the course results in approval from approximately half of its members. Also, it is important to identify and repair the causes related to the quitting of some members. Conclusions: The results showed that the TLFOB-USP members, adjoining to the professor's participants, develop projects in Tele-helth, in Tele-aid and Tele-education areas, thus resulting in the involvement of the University and the community.