RESUMEN
Drought stress considered a key restrictive factor for a warm-season bermudagrass growth during summers in China. Genotypic variation against drought stress exists among bermudagrass (Cynodon sp.), but the selection of highly drought-tolerant germplasm is important for its growth in limited water regions and for future breeding. Our study aimed to investigate the most tolerant bermudagrass germplasm among thirteen, along latitude and longitudinal gradient under a well-watered and drought stress condition. Current study included high drought-resistant germplasm, "Tianshui" and "Linxiang", and drought-sensitive cultivars; "Zhengzhou" and "Cixian" under drought treatments along longitude and latitudinal gradients, respectively. Under water deficit conditions, the tolerant genotypes showed over-expression of a dehydrin gene cdDHN4, antioxidant genes Cu/ZnSOD and APX which leads to higher antioxidant activities to scavenge the excessive reactive oxygen species and minimizing the membrane damage. It helps in maintenance of cell membrane permeability and osmotic adjustment by producing organic osmolytes. Proline an osmolyte has the ability to keep osmotic water potential and water use efficiency high via stomatal conductance and maintain transpiration rate. It leads to optimum CO2 assimilation rate, high chlorophyll contents for photosynthesis and elongation of leaf mesophyll, palisade and thick spongy cells. Consequently, it results in elongation of leaf length, stolon and internode length; plant height and deep rooting system. The CdDHN4 gene highly expressed in "Tianshui" and "Youxian", Cu/ZnSOD gene in "Tianshui" and "Linxiang" and APX gene in "Shanxian" and "Linxiang". The genotypes "Zhongshan" and "Xiaochang" showed no gene expression under water deficit conditions. Our results indicate that turfgrass show morphological modifications firstly when subjected to drought stress; however the gene expression is directly associated and crucial for drought tolerance in bermudagrass. Hence, current research has provided excellent germplasm of drought tolerant bermudagrass for physiological and molecular study and future breeding.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes , Cynodon , Cynodon/fisiología , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Sequías , Fitomejoramiento , Fotosíntesis/genética , Agua/metabolismo , Expresión GénicaRESUMEN
Responses of turfgrass to shade vary in individual species, and the degree and quality of low light; therefore, the selection of low light tolerant cultivars of turfgrass is important and beneficial for turf management rather than other practices. The stolons of thirteen bermudagrass genotypes were planted with two treatments and three replications of each treatment to establish for one month in the Yangzhou University Jiangsu China greenhouse. The established plants were transferred outside of the greenhouse, and 50% shading was applied to them with a black net. After 30 days of stress treatment, the morpho-physiological and biochemical analyses were performed. The expression of genes such as HEMA, HY5, PIF4, and Cu/ZnSOD was assessed. Cynodon dactylon is a C4, and perennial that grows as lawn grass and is used as forage. Based on different indicator measurements, the most shade-tolerant germplasm was L01 and L06 along the longitudes and L09 and L10 along the latitudes. At the same time, L02 and L08 were more susceptible, respectively. However, germplasm showed greater tolerance in higher latitudes while longitudinal plants showed less stress response. The current study aimed (1) to screen out the most shade-tolerant Cynodon dactylon genotype among 13 along longitudinal and latitudinal gradients in China. (2) to examine morpho-physiological indicators of different bermudagrassgenotypes; (3) to evaluate if and how differences in various indicators of bermudagrass correlated with geographic region. This study will significantly advance the use of Cynodon germplasm in breeding, genomics, management, nomenclature, and phylogeographical study. It will decisively define whether natural selection and migration can drive evolutionary responses for populations to adapt to their new environments effectively.
Asunto(s)
Cynodon , Cynodon/genética , Cynodon/fisiología , China , Genotipo , Adaptación Fisiológica/genéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) is an intestinal-derived factor that plays a role in metabolic diseases. We performed a differential study of circulating FGF19 levels and investigated the causal effects of FGF19 on metabolic diseases using Mendelian randomization (MR). METHODS: Firstly, 958 subjects were included in the physical examination center of affiliated hospital from January 2019 to January 2021. Dividing the subjects into different subgroups to compare FGF19 levels. We conducted a two-sample MR analysis of genetically predicted circulating FGF19 in relation to alcohol, cardiovascular and metabolic biomarkers and diseases, and liver function biomarkers using publicly available genome-wide association study summary statistics data. RESULTS: The circulating FGF19 levels in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients were lower than those without NAFLD (P < 0.001). The FGF19 levels in participants with obese were lower than those without obese (P < 0.001). In two-sample MR analyses, genetically predicted higher circulating FGF19 levels was significantly associated with lower aspartate aminotransferase, γ-glutamyltransferase, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and C-reactive protein concentrations (P < 0.05) and a negative correlation with cardiovascular disease and cirrhosis whereas a positive association with type 2 diabetes mellitus (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our study found that circulating FGF19 levels were lower in NAFLD and obese populations. Additionally, our MR research results support the causal effects of FGF19 on improved liver function, lipids, and reduced the occurrence of inflammation, cardiovascular disease, and cirrhosis. We found a positive correlation with diabetes, which may indicate a compensatory increase in regulating above FGF19 resistance states in humans.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The evaluation of patients with fatty liver as defined by metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in the real world remains poorly researched. This study aimed to analyse the clinical and histological features of patients with MAFLD and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to characterize each metabolic subgroup of MAFLD. METHODS: A total of 2563 patients with fatty liver confirmed by ultrasonography and/or magnetic resonance tomography and/or liver biopsy-proven from three hospitals in China were included in the study. Patients were divided into different groups according to diagnostic criteria for MAFLD and NAFLD, and MAFLD into different subgroups. RESULTS: There were 2337 (91.2%) patients fitting the MAFLD criteria, and 2095 (81.7%) fitting the NAFLD criteria. Compared to patients with NAFLD, those with MAFLD were more likely to be male, had more metabolic traits, higher liver enzyme levels, and noninvasive fibrosis scores. Among the patients with liver biopsy, the extent of advanced fibrosis in cases with MAFLD was significantly higher than those with NAFLD, 31.8% versus 5.2% (P < .001); there was no significant difference in advanced fibrosis between obese cases and lean individuals in MAFLD (P > .05); MAFLD complicated with diabetes had significantly higher advanced fibrosis than those without diabetes (43.3% and 17.2%, respectively; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with MAFLD have a higher degree of liver fibrosis than NAFLD patients. In addition, diabetic patients should be screened for fatty liver and liver fibrosis degree.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Estudios Transversales , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico/patología , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico/complicaciones , Persona de Mediana Edad , China/epidemiología , Biopsia , Adulto , Hígado Graso/patología , Cirrosis Hepática/patología , Ultrasonografía , Hígado/patología , Hígado/diagnóstico por imagen , Imagen por Resonancia MagnéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Lima bean protein isolate (LPI) is an underutilized plant protein. Similar to other plant proteins, it may display poor emulsification properties. In order to improve its emulsifying properties, one effective approach is using protein and polysaccharide mixtures. This work investigated the structural and emulsifying properties of LPI as well as the development of an LPI/xanthan gum (XG)-stabilized oil-in-water emulsion. RESULTS: The highest protein solubility (84.14%) of LPI was observed and the molecular weights (Mw ) of most LPI subunits were less than 35 kDa. The enhanced emulsifying activity index (15.97 m2 g-1 ) of LPI might be associated with its relatively high protein solubility and more low-Mw subunits (Mw < 35 kDa). The effects of oil volume fraction (Ï) on droplet size, microstructure, rheological behavior and stability of emulsions were investigated. As Ï increased from 0.2 to 0.8, the emulsion was arranged from spherical and dispersed oil droplets to polyhedral packing of oil droplets adjacent to each other, while the LPI/XG mixtures changed from particles (in the uncrowded interfacial layer) to lamellae (in the crowded interfacial layer). When Ï was 0.6, the emulsion was in a transitional state with the coexistence of particles and lamellar structures on the oil droplet surface. The LPI/XG-stabilized emulsions with Ï values of 0.6-0.8 showed the highest stability during a 14-day storage period. CONCLUSION: This study developed a promising plant-based protein resource, LPI, and demonstrates potential application of LPI/XG as an emulsifying stabilizer in foods. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Asunto(s)
Phaseolus , Proteínas de Plantas , Emulsiones/química , Proteínas de Plantas/química , Polisacáridos Bacterianos/química , Agua/químicaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the three-dimensional radiographic characteristics of calcifying odontogenic cyst and calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor using spiral computed tomography (CT) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS: Clinical records, histopathological reports, and CBCT or non-enhanced spiral CT images of 19 consecutive patients with calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) and 16 consecutive patients with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT) were retrospectively acquired, and radiographic features, including location, size, expansion, internal structure and calcification, were analyzed. RESULTS: Among the 19 COC cases (12 males and 7 females, with an average age of 27 years), 89.5% (17/19) of the lesions originated from the anterior and premolar areas, 100.0% of them exhibited cortex expansion, and 78.9% had discontinued cortex. Among the 16 CEOT cases (3 males and 13 females, with an average age of 36 years), 81.3% (13/16) of the lesions were in the premolar and molar areas, 56.3% of them exhibited cortex expansion, and 96.8% had discontinued cortex. According to the distribution of internal calcifications, these lesions were divided into: â (non-calcification type): absence of calcification; â ¡ (eccentric marginal type): multiple calcifications scattered along one side of the lesion; â ¢ (diffused type): numerous calcifications diffusely distributed into the lesion; â £ (plaque type): with a ≥ 5 mm calcified patch; â ¤ (peri-coronal type): multiple calcifications clustered around impacted teeth. Calcifications were present in 73.7% of COC lesions, including 9 type â ¡, 3 type â ¢ and 2 type â £ lesions, and 42.8% of CEOT lesions had calcification images, including 2 type â ¢ and 5 type â ¤ lesions. Six COC lesions had odontoma-like images. Moreover, 8 of 9 type â CEOTs were histologically Langerhans cell-rich subtype, which had a smaller size (with an average mesiodistal diameter of 17.8 mm) and were not associated with impacted teeth. CONCLUSION: COC lesions tended to originate from the anterior part of the jaw and exhibit cortex expansion, and were sometimes associated with odontoma. CEOT commonly occurred in the posterior jaw and had discontinued cortex. Two lesions had significantly different calcification map. Over 70% of COC lesions had calcification images, which were mostly scattered along one side of the cysts, far from the impacted teeth. Approximately 60% of CEOT lesions exhibited smaller size and non-calcification, and the remaining CEOT cases often had calcification images clustered around the impacted teeth.
Asunto(s)
Calcinosis , Quiste Odontogénico Calcificado , Quistes Odontogénicos , Tumores Odontogénicos , Odontoma , Neoplasias Cutáneas , Diente Impactado , Masculino , Femenino , Humanos , Adulto , Quiste Odontogénico Calcificado/diagnóstico por imagen , Quiste Odontogénico Calcificado/patología , Odontoma/patología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tumores Odontogénicos/diagnóstico por imagen , Quistes Odontogénicos/patología , Calcinosis/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) is a widely used warm season lawn grass. Cuticular wax covering the surface of plant leaves plays an important role in helping plants resist biotic and abiotic stresses. We analyzed the changes of cuticle wax in 25 bermudagrass populations from different longitude and latitude gradients, in order to verify how environmental conditions affect the structure and chemical composition of cuticle wax. Five wax components were identified, including alkanes, esters, alkenes, aldehydes and primary alcohols. The wax characteristics were divided into two principal components, explaining 58.2 % and 66.7 % of the total variability in latitude and longitude, even some populations had a certain correlation with each other. Pearson correlation analysis further showed that the total wax coverage, wax component content and antioxidant enzyme activity of bermudagrass populations on the latitudinal gradient had different responses to environmental factors. Finally, nineteen key genes involved in wax biosynthesis, redox and photosynthesis were identified and verified by RT-qPCR. The results showed that the responses of bermudagrass in different populations to climate change were quite different, which was of great significance for the evolution of bermudagrass populations.
Asunto(s)
Cynodon , Ceras , Cynodon/genética , Ceras/química , Aclimatación , Hojas de la Planta/química , ChinaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Pradefovir is a liver-targeted prodrug of adefovir, a nucleoside/nucleotide analogue with antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA polymerase. This phase 2 study compared the efficacy and safety of oral pradefovir (30, 45, 60, or 75 mg) versus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF; 300 mg) and aimed to identify the most appropriate dose of pradefovir for the forthcoming phase 3 study. METHODS: Treatment-naive and experienced (not on treatment >6 months) patients with chronic hepatitis B were eligible. RESULTS: A total of 240 participants were randomized and treated in the study (48 per group). Approximately 80% were hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive, and 10% had liver cirrhosis. The reductions from baseline in HBV DNA levels achieved at week 24 were 5.40, 5.34, 5.33, and 5.40 log10 IU/mL, with pradefovir doses of 30-, 45-, 60-, and 75-mg, respectively, compared with 5.12 log10 IU/mL with TDF. However, HBeAg loss was attained by more participants who received 45-, 60-, or 75-mg pradefovir than by those receiving TDF (12%, 6%, and 9% vs 3%). The TDF group exhibited a more significant increase in serum creatinine than the pradefovir 30- and 45-mg groups, and serum phosphate levels were comparable among all groups. Most adverse events (AEs) were mild (grade 1). No treatment-related severe AEs were reported. Overall, AEs and laboratory abnormalities were comparable to those in the TDF group. CONCLUSIONS: Pradefovir and TDF exhibited comparable reductions in HBV DNA levels. All treatments were safe and well tolerated. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT00230503 and China Drug Trials CTR2018042.
Asunto(s)
Hepatitis B Crónica , Profármacos , Adenina/análogos & derivados , Antivirales/efectos adversos , ADN Viral , Antígenos e de la Hepatitis B , Virus de la Hepatitis B/genética , Humanos , Compuestos Organofosforados , Profármacos/efectos adversos , Tenofovir/efectos adversos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Carga ViralRESUMEN
Aluminium (Al) and fluoride (F) are phytotoxic elements that can inhibit plant growth and development. Al3+ and F- can react with each other to form complexes in the soil which will induce alteration of toxicity of single element. However, the mechanisms of plant response to aluminium fluoride induced toxicity are not very clear. In the present study, tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb) cultivar 'Houndog 5' was treated by 0, 0.4, 4, 20 mg·L-1 Al2(SO4)3 and 0, 0.5, 5 mg·L-1 NaF, respectively. After 25 days of treatment, leaf samples were collected for physiological evaluation. The results showed that several forms of Al-OH and Al-F complexes such as Al(OH)2+, AlOH2+, Al(OH)3, Al(OH)4-, Al2(OH)24+, Al3(OH)45+, AlF2+, AlF2+, AlF3 and AlF4- were formed in Al3+ and F- combined solution. The nutrient uptake including Al, P and K were improved by Al3+ and F-. Under Al3+ stress, the MDA (malondialdehyde) content and EL (electrolyte leakage) dramatically increased after high concentration of F- treatment, while relative low concentration of F induced decrease of MDA content and EL. On the contrary, chlorophyll content decreased significantly after high concentration of F treatment. The photosynthesis efficiency parameters, including φP0 (Fv/Fm), δR0 and PIABS, decreased remarkably after high concentration of Al and F treatment. However, L-band incresed after high concentration of Al3+ and F- treatment. The results of correlation analysis showed that MDA content and EL negatively correlated with other indexes, and Al-F complex significantly correlated with MDA, Pro and EL but negatively correlated with Chl and φP0. These results suggested that low concentration of F could alleviate the damage induced by Al stress in tall fescue, but high concentration of Al and F combined solution had negative effects on the growth and development of tall fescue.
Asunto(s)
Festuca , Lolium , Aluminio/toxicidad , Clorofila , Fluoruros/toxicidadRESUMEN
Bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) is one of the most widely distributed warm-season grasses globally. The growth habits and plant type of bermudagrass are strongly associated with the applied purpose of the landscape, livestock, and eco-remediation. Therefore, persistent efforts are made to investigate the genetic basis of plant type and growth habits of bermudagrass. Here, we dissect the genetic diversity of 91 wild bermudagrass resources by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) combined with weighted gene co-expression analysis (WGCNA). This work is based on the RNA-seq data and the genome of African bermudagrass (Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt Davy). Sixteen reliable single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in transcribed regions were identified to be associated with the plant height and IAA content in diverse bermudagrass by GWAS. The integration of the results from WGCNA indicates that beta-glucosidase 31 (CdBGLU31) is a candidate gene underlying a G/A SNP signal. Furthermore, both qRT-PCR and correlation coefficient analyses indicate that CdBGLU31 might play a comprehensive role in plant height and IAA biosynthesis and signal. In addition, we observe lower plant height in Arabidopsis bglu11 mutants (homologs of CdBGLU31). It uncovers the breeding selection history of different plant types from diverse bermudagrass and provides new insights into the molecular function of CdBGLU31 both in plant types and in IAA biosynthetic pathways.
Asunto(s)
Arabidopsis , Cynodon , Arabidopsis/genética , beta-Glucosidasa/genética , beta-Glucosidasa/metabolismo , Cynodon/genética , Cynodon/metabolismo , Estudio de Asociación del Genoma Completo , FitomejoramientoRESUMEN
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a biological process involving the transformation of epithelial cells into mesenchymal cells, promotes tumour initiation and metastasis. The aim of this study was to construct an EMT molecular signature for predicting colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis and evaluate the efficacy of the model. The risk scoring system, constructed by log-rank test and multivariate Cox regression analysis according to EMT-related gene expression in CRC patients from TCGA database, demonstrated the highest correlation with prognosis compared with other parameters in CRC patients. The risk scores were significantly correlated with more lymph node metastasis, distal metastasis and advanced clinical stage of CRC. The model was further successfully validated in two independent external cohorts from GEO database. Furthermore, we developed a nomogram to integrate the EMT signature with the pathological stage of CRC, which was found to perform well in predicting the overall survival. Additionally, this risk scoring model was found to be associated with immune cell infiltration, implying a potential role of EMT involved in immunity regulation in tumour microenvironment. Taken together, our novel EMT molecular model may be useful in identifying high-risk patients who need an intensive follow-up and more aggressive therapy, finally contributing to more precise individualized therapeutic strategies.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Colorrectales/genética , Transición Epitelial-Mesenquimal , Transcriptoma , Neoplasias Colorrectales/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Metástasis de la NeoplasiaRESUMEN
We aimed to describe liver injury and identify the risk factors of liver injury in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients without chronic liver diseases (CLD). The clinical data of 228 confirmed COVID-19 patients without CLD were retrospectively collected from ten hospitals in Jiangsu, China. Sixty-seven (29.4%) of 228 patients without CLD showed abnormal liver function on admission, including increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (25 [11.0%]) U/L, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 30 [13.2%]) U/L, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) 28 [12.4%]) U/L, total bilirubin (Tbil) 16 [7.0%] µmol/L, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) 10 [4.5%]) U/L. During hospitalization, 129 (56.3%) of 228 patients showed abnormal liver function, including elevated ALT (84 [36.8%]), AST (58 [25.4%]), GGT (67 [29.5%]), and Tbil (59 [25.9%]). Age over 50 years (odds ratio [OR], 2.086; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.030-4.225; p = .041), male sex (OR, 2.737; 95% CI, 1.418-5.284; p = .003), and lopinavir-ritonavir (OR, 2.504; 95% CI, 1.187-5.283; p = .016) were associated with higher risk of liver function abnormality, while the atomized inhalation of interferon α-2b (OR, 0.256; 95% CI 0.126-0.520; p < .001) was associated with reduced risk of liver function abnormality during hospitalization. Mild to moderate liver injury was common in COVID-19 patients in Jiangsu, China. Age over 50 years, male sex, and lopinavir-ritonavir were the independent risk factors of liver impairment in COVID-19 patients during hospitalization.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19/patología , Hepatopatías/virología , Adulto , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/virología , China/epidemiología , Femenino , Hospitalización , Humanos , Hepatopatías/epidemiología , Hepatopatías/patología , Pruebas de Función Hepática , Lopinavir/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Ritonavir , SARS-CoV-2/aislamiento & purificación , Inhibidores de Proteasa Viral/efectos adversos , Inhibidores de Proteasa Viral/uso terapéutico , Tratamiento Farmacológico de COVID-19RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The clinical and virological course of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are lacking. We aimed to describe the clinical and virological characteristics of COVID-19 patients from 10 designated hospitals in 10 cities of Jiangsu province, China. The factors associated with the clearance of SARS-CoV-2 were investigated. METHODS: A total of 328 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were retrospectively recruited. The epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, radiology and treatment data were collected. The associated factors of SARS-CoV-2 clearance were analyzed. RESULTS: The median duration of hospitalization was 16.0 days (interquartile range [IQR] 13.0-21.0 days). On multivariate Cox regression analysis, age > 60 years (hazard ratio [HR] 0.643, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.454-0.911, P = 0.013) was associated with the delayed SARS-CoV-2 clearance, while the atomized inhalation of interferon α-2b could improve the clearance of SARS-CoV-2 (HR, 1.357, 95% CI 1.050-1.755, P = 0.020). Twenty-six (7.9%) patients developed respiratory failure and 4 (1.2%) patients developed ARDS. Twenty (6.1%) patients were admitted to the ICU, while no patient was deceased. CONCLUSIONS: Our study found that age > 60 years was associated with the delayed SARS-CoV-2 clearance, while treated with atomized inhalation of interferon α-2b could promote the clearance of SARS-CoV-2.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19/diagnóstico , SARS-CoV-2/fisiología , Adulto , Anciano , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/terapia , COVID-19/virología , China/epidemiología , Duración de la Terapia , Femenino , Hospitalización , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Estudios Retrospectivos , SARS-CoV-2/genética , Esparcimiento de Virus , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND AIM: This single-arm, open-label, multicenter, phase 3 trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of seraprevir, an hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural protein 3/4A (NS3/4A) inhibitor, combined with sofosbuvir for treating Chinese patients with chronic HCV infection without cirrhosis. METHODS: Treatment-naive or interferon-experienced adult patients without cirrhosis were treated with a universal, combinational regimen of seraprevir 100 mg, twice daily and sofosbuvir 400 mg, once daily, for 12 or 24 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was sustained virologic response at week 12 after treatment (SVR12). RESULTS: Overall, 205 patients with genotype 1 HCV infection without cirrhosis were enrolled from 23 sites, 202 of whom completed the full treatment and post-treatment course and 3 discontinued follow-up. In total, 27 patients (13.2%) were interferon experienced. SVR12 was achieved by 201 out of 205 (98.0% [95% CI, 95.1%, 99.5%]) patients, 100.0% of patients with genotype 1a, and 98.0% of genotype 1b. In the other exploratory study, SVR 12 was achieved by 100% patients with genotype 2 (n = 21), genotype 3 (n = 7), and genotype 6 (n = 8). The majority of adverse events were mild to moderate and transient and did not require a specific medical intervention. CONCLUSIONS: The all-oral, ribavirin-free regimen of seraprevir and sofosbuvir is an effective and well-tolerated treatment option for Chinese patients mono-infected with HCV, including those with a history of interferon treatment.
Asunto(s)
Hepatitis C Crónica , Sofosbuvir , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales , Adulto , Antivirales/efectos adversos , China/epidemiología , Quimioterapia Combinada , Genotipo , Hepacivirus/genética , Hepatitis C Crónica/tratamiento farmacológico , Hepatitis C Crónica/genética , Humanos , Cirrosis Hepática/epidemiología , Sofosbuvir/efectos adversos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales/efectos adversos , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales/antagonistas & inhibidoresRESUMEN
We report epidemiologic, laboratory, and clinical findings for 7 patients with 2019 novel coronavirus disease in a 2-family cluster. Our study confirms asymptomatic and human-to-human transmission through close contacts in familial and hospital settings. These findings might also serve as a practical reference for clinical diagnosis and medical treatment.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Asintomáticas , Betacoronavirus , Infecciones por Coronavirus/transmisión , Neumonía Viral/transmisión , Adulto , COVID-19 , Familia , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2RESUMEN
Previous studies reported that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was likely to result in liver injury. However, few studies reported the impacts of COVID-19 on liver function in patients with chronic liver diseases. We aimed to describe a case series of COVID-19 patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Confirmed hospitalized COVID-19 patients from hospitals in 10 cities of Jiangsu province, China, were retrospectively included between 18 January 2020 and 26 February 2020. Demographic information, epidemiologic data, clinical features, and treatment data were extracted from medical records. Seven COVID-19 patients with chronic HBV infection were included. Six (85.7%) patients were male. The patients aged from 33 to 49 years. Two patients had HBV-related cirrhosis. One patient (14.3%) was positive for serum HBV e-antigen. On admission, 1 (14.3%) patient had mildly elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level (>40 U/L) and 1 (14.3%) had elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level (>40 U/L). The serum albumin level and platelet counts were decreased in two patients with HBV-related liver cirrhosis. Three (42.9%) patients had elevated ALT level and 2 (28.6%) patients had elevated AST level in hospitalization. However, the peak ALT and AST level during hospitalization was 51 U/L and 44 U/L, respectively. As of 29 February 2020, all patients were discharged. No patient was admitted to the intensive care units or developed liver failure during hospitalization. The abnormalities of liver function are not uncommon on COVID-19 patients with chronic HBV infection in our case series. However, no patient developed severe liver-related complications during hospitalization.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19/virología , Coinfección/virología , Hepatitis B Crónica/virología , Adulto , Alanina Transaminasa/sangre , Antivirales/uso terapéutico , China/epidemiología , ADN Viral/sangre , Femenino , Antígenos e de la Hepatitis B/sangre , Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Hígado/patología , Hígado/virología , Cirrosis Hepática/patología , Cirrosis Hepática/virología , Pruebas de Función Hepática , Masculino , Registros Médicos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tratamiento Farmacológico de COVID-19RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Geographical variation in morphological traits may reflect evolutionary patterns of morphological adaptability along environmental gradients. Comprehensive information on longitudinal patterns of morphological trait variation is very meaningful to explore morphological diversity and evolutionary trends in widespread bermudagrass. METHODS: To explore the spatial patterns of morphological traits, we investigated 10 morphological traits of bermudagrass and 10 soil nutrient indexes and collected local climate data for 13 different regions from 119°E to 105°E along the latitude 34°N. RESULTS: Considerable variations in morphological traits were observed at different longitudes, and the variations in most of the evaluated traits within populations were lower than those among populations. All of the 13 different longitudinal sites were divided into three groups based on morphological traits by cluster analysis. The major sources of diversity at the different longitudes were leaf length of the erect shoot, leaf width of the erect shoot, and the internode lengths of the erect shoot and stolon as determined by principal component analysis. Pearson correlation analysis also indicated that longitude was significantly and negatively correlated with these traits as well. Mean average rainfall was significantly correlated with leaf length of the erect shoot and the internode lengths of the erect shoot and stolon, while mean average temperature was only significantly correlated with internode length of the erect shoots. Available sulfur was significantly correlated with internode length of the erect shoot, plant height, and reproductive branch height, while the exchangeable Ca was significantly correlated with internode lengths of the erect shoot and stolon. Soil pH was significantly correlated with the internode length of the stolon. Longitude is an important factor that affects morphological trait variation in wild bermudagrass, and the leaves of the erect shoot and the internode length enlarged significantly with the collection sites moving from east to west. CONCLUSION: Different combinations and interactions of environmental factors (soil and climate) along a longitudinal gradient may have strong effects on one or more morphological traits of bermudagrass.
Asunto(s)
Evolución Biológica , Cynodon/genética , Genes de Plantas , Variación Genética , Clima , SueloRESUMEN
c-Myb is a crucial transcription factor that participates in various biological functions; however, its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains poorly investigated. We first analyzed the expression and clinical significance of c-Myb in a retrospective cohort enrolling 132 CRC patients. Then, the CRISPR/Cas9 technique was used to establish c-Myb gene KO CRC cell lines. Cellular functional assays in vitro and in vivo were used to evaluate the impact of c-Myb KO in CRC cells. Finally, RNA sequencing was used to investigate the potential oncogenic mechanisms regulated by c-Myb in CRC progression and related cellular validations were accordingly carried out. As a result, c-Myb is significantly overexpressed in CRC tissues as compared with adjacent normal tissues. High expression of c-Myb is positively correlated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis further identify c-Myb as an independent unfavorable prognostic factor for CRC patients. c-Myb KO inhibits the proliferation, apoptosis resistance, invasion, metastasis, colony formation and in vivo tumorigenesis of CRC cells. Also, the mechanism investigation indicates that c-Myb may promote CRC progression by regulating c-fos. c-fos overexpression can rescue the inhibitory effect of c-Myb KO on the malignant characteristics of CRC cells. Finally, we find that c-Myb KO inhibits the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) molecular phenotype in CRC cells, whereas c-fos overexpression can rescue this inhibitory effect. This study suggests that c-Myb promotes the malignant progression of CRC through c-fos-induced EMT and has the potential to be a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-fos/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-fos/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-myb/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-myb/metabolismo , Animales , Línea Celular Tumoral , Movimiento Celular , Proliferación Celular , Estudios de Cohortes , Neoplasias Colorrectales/genética , Neoplasias Colorrectales/metabolismo , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Transición Epitelial-Mesenquimal , Femenino , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Técnicas de Inactivación de Genes , Células HCT116 , Humanos , Metástasis Linfática , Masculino , Ratones , Trasplante de Neoplasias , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Recent studies have demonstrated that the manipulation of the gut microbiome represents a promising treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We previously identified micro integral membrane protein (MIMP) as the smallest domain of surface layer protein from Lactobacillus Plantarum. However, the therapeutic relevance of MIMP in IBD remains unknown. METHODS: We initially employed a dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis model and evaluated the effect of MIMP on the inflammation response, intestinal barrier and gut microbiota using histological examination, Fluorescein isothiocyanate-Dextran detection and pyrosequencing analysis respectively. We then established peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and an epithelial CaCO-2 co-culture model to investigate the regulatory role of MIMP in inflammatory cytokines. The level changes of inflammatory cytokines were detected using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent and real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. The involved regulatory mechanisms were investigated mainly using dual luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. RESULTS: In the DSS-induced colitis model, we observed that MIMP intervention effectively improved the body weight loss, increased the colon length and decreased disease activity index. Consistently, the inflammation scores in the MIMP treatment group were significantly lower than those in the DSS treatment group. Furthermore, MIMP intervention was found to successfully neutralize DSS treatment by decreasing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-17 and IL-23) and increasing the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10). Notably, the permeability assay demonstrated that the MIMP treatment group was remarkably lower than that in the DSS treatment group. We also showed that MIMP improved gut microbiota dysbiosis caused by DSS-induced inflammation. Additionally, in PBMCs and the CaCO-2 co-culture model, MIMP showed an obvious suppressive effect on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, we revealed that MIMP could modulate inflammatory cytokine expression through the toll-like receptor 4 pathway and histone acetylation. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested that MIMP showed a significant anti-inflammatory effect through regulating the gut barrier, microbiota and inflammatory cytokines. MIMP may have translational relevance as clinically relevant therapy for IBD patients.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Bacterianas/farmacología , Citocinas/análisis , Intestinos/microbiología , Lactobacillus plantarum/metabolismo , Proteínas de la Membrana/farmacología , Microbiota/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Proteínas Bacterianas/uso terapéutico , Células CACO-2 , Colitis/inducido químicamente , Colitis/patología , Colitis/prevención & control , Citocinas/genética , Citocinas/metabolismo , Sulfato de Dextran/toxicidad , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Humanos , Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , Intestinos/patología , Leucocitos Mononucleares/citología , Leucocitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Masculino , Proteínas de la Membrana/uso terapéutico , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Receptor Toll-Like 4/antagonistas & inhibidores , Receptor Toll-Like 4/metabolismoRESUMEN
This study was performed to identify changes to microbial composition after treatment with synbiotics in patients with functional constipation and to define the key microbiota in the pathogenesis of functional constipation. Fecal samples from 53 patients diagnosed with chronic functional constipation according to the Rome III criteria were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing. After treatment with synbiotics for 1 month, fecal samples were collected from 36 patients; after a total of 3 months, fecal samples were collected from 15 patients. The outcomes were compared with the intestinal microbiota profiles of 53 healthy community volunteers. The microbiota in the constipation group differed from that in the treatment group and healthy group. After synbiotic treatment for 1 and 3 months, the abundance of Escherichia/Shigella decreased, whereas that of Prevotella_9 and Lactococcus increased. Comparison of the microbiota among the three groups showed that Prevotella_9 was the characteristic bacteria that decreased in the constipation group and increased in the treatment group. Synbiotic treatment can improve the microbiota in patients with constipation. Identification of the key bacterial genus is important to reveal the mechanism and provide a reliable theoretical basis of synbiotic treatment. It will also promote relevant research of microbiota treatment and individualized treatments.