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Objective:To explore the effect of family empowerment model on the improvement of swallowing care ability and care preparedness of primary caregivers of first-episode stroke dysphagia patients, further to explore its impact on patients′s wallowing function and life quality.Methods:This study was a randomized controlled study. From January 2021 to December 2022, 80 main caregivers of patients with dysphagia caused by manual stroke admitted to the Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shenzhen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected as the research objects, and 40 cases in the control group and 40 cases in the observation group were selected by random number table method. The control group were treated with conventional nursing care of first-episode stroke dysphagia patients in the acupuncture and moxibustion Department. On the basis of the conventional care in the control group, the observation group were treated with family empowerment model intervention for 14 days and was followed up for 28 days. Primary caregivers′ swallowing care ability, Caregiver Preparedness Scale (CPS), patients′ swallowing function rate, Swallowing Related Quality of Life (SWALQOL) were used to evaluate the effects before intervention and at the end of intervention.Results:There were 18 males and 19 females primary caregivers in the control group, aged (55.61 ± 7.43) years old. There were 18 males and 21 females primary caregivers in the observation group, aged (58.23 ± 8.22) years old. The swallowing care ability score showed a statistically significant difference between the observation group (143.47 ± 3.96) and the control group (107.74 ± 1.43) ( t=-26.76, P<0.05). After intervention, the caregiver preparedness scale was (26.11 ± 3.81) in the observation group, and (18.35 ± 4.54) in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=-4.11, P<0.05).The patients′ swallowing function rate and SWALQOL score were respectively 97.44% (38/39) and (91.41 ± 8.08) points in the observation group, and 72.97% (27/37) and (80.33 ± 4.21) points in the control group, and the difference was both statistically significant ( χ2=10.76, t=-2.54, both P<0.05). Conclusions:The implementation of family empowerment model could enhance the swallowing care ability and care preparedness of primary caregivers of the first-episode stroke dysphagia patients, which could further improve patients′ swallowing function and life quality.
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Objective:To analyze the horizontal scientific research projects from 2015 to 2019 by the provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in China, and to compare the regional differences, in order to provide the suggestion on the scientific management of CDC.Methods:The horizontal scientific research projects from 2015 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed by questionnaire survey. Multiple linear regression models were adopted to examine the trend, and variance analyses were used to test the differences in horizontal scientific research projects among the Eastern, Central, and Western regions.Results:From 2015 to 2019, provincial CDC have received RMB 124.3 million of horizontal scientific research project funds totally, of which 51.9% were funded by enterprises, and 86.9% were undertaken by provincial CDC themselves. There were no statistical significance in the change of research project funds obtained by provincial CDC ( F=0.46, P = 0.764) during this period.The number of horizontal scientific research projects undertook or participated by provincial CDC in the Eastern region were more than that of the Central and Western region ( F = 5.85, P = 0.004; F = 5.03, P = 0.008). Conclusions:The horizontal scientific research projects obtained by the provincial CDC remained stable in recent years while distribution was unbalanced in the region areas. It is suggested to innovate the management mode of scientific research projects with strengthening the trans-agency, trans-department and trans-regional cooperation.
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Objective:To evaluate the effect of esmolol on the expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2) during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods:Forty-eight clean-grade healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, were allocated into 3 groups ( n=16 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (Sham group), cerebral I/R group (I/R group) and esmolol group (E group). Cerebral I/R was induced by 3 cycles of 20-min occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries followed by 10-min reperfusion in anesthetized rats.Esmolol 200 g·kg -1·min -1 was intravenously infused for 1 h starting from 30 min before ischemia, and the model was established after 30-min infusion in E group.The equal volume of normal saline was given at 30 min before ischemia in I/R group.Bilateral common carotid arteries were only isolated but not clamped, and the equal volume of normal saline was given after isolating bilateral common carotid arteries in Sham group.Learning and memory function was tested by Morris water maze test before ischemia and at 1, 3 and 7 days of reperfusion.Rats were sacrificed after Morris water maze test, and the hippocampus was excised for determination of wet to dry weight ratio (W/D ratio), permeability of blood-brain barrier (using Evans blue method), expression of ERK1/2 mRNA (by real-time polymerase chain reaction ), and expression of p-ERK1/2 (by Western blot). Results:Compared with Sham group, the escape latency and swimming distance were significantly prolonged at 1, 3 and 7 days of reperfusion, the W/D ratio and EB content in brain tissues were increased, and the expression of ERK1/2 mRNA and p-ERK1/2 was up-regulated in I/R and E groups ( P<0.05). Compared with I/R group, the escape latency and swimming distance were significantly shortened at 1, 3 and 7 days of reperfusion, the W/D ratio and EB content in brain tissues were decreased, and the expression of ERK1/2 mRNA and p-ERK1/2 was down-regulated in E group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The mechanism by which esmolol alleviates cerebral I/R injury and improves cognitive function is related to inhibiting the up-regulated expression of ERK1/2 in rats.
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Objective To evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine on perioperative inflammatory response and cellular immune function in patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion. Methods Eighty American Society of Anesthesiologists physical statusⅠorⅡpatients of either sex, aged 40-60 yr, scheduled for elective posterior lumbar interbody fusion, were divided into dexmedetomidine group(group Dex)and control group(group C)using a random number table with 40 patients in each group. In group D, dexmedetomidine at a loading dose of 0.5 μg∕kg was intravenously infused starting from 10 min before anesthesia induction, followed by continuous infusion of 0.5 μg·kg-1·h-1until 15 min before the end of operation. The equal volume of normal saline was given at the same time points in group C. Before induc?tion, at 30 min after beginning of operation and at 1 h and 1, 3 and 5 days after the end of operation (T1?6), arterial blood samples were collected for determination of the plasma CD42a+∕CD14+ratio, HLA?DR+∕CD14+ratio, concentration of C?reactive protein(CRP)and white blood cell(WBC)count. Re?sults Compared with the baseline at T1, the plasma CD42a+∕CD14+ratio was significantly increased at T2?6, the HLA?DR+∕CD14+ratio was decreased at T3?6, the plasma CRP concentrations were increased at T4?6, and the WBC count was increased at T3?5in group C, and the plasma CD42a+∕CD14+ratio was signifi?cantly increased at T6, the HLA?DR+∕CD14+ratio was decreased at T3?5, and the plasma CRP concentra?tions were increased at T2?5in group D(P<0.05). Compared with group C, the plasma CD42a+∕CD14+ra?tio was significantly decreased at T2?4, the HLA?DR+∕CD14+ratio was increased at T4?5, and the plasma CRP concentrations and WBC count were decreased at T2?5in group D(P<0.05). Conclusion Dexme?detomidine can decrease perioperative inflammatory response and improve cellular immune function in the patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion.
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OBJECTIVE:To compare the clinical efficacy of erlotinib between late non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 19 mutation and those with exon 21 mutation.METHODS:Late NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation positive enrolled in our hospital during Oct.2013-Nov.2014 were selected.Patients with EGFR exon 19 Del mutant were regarded as group A,and patients with exon 21 L858R mutant were regarded as group B,45 cases in each group.All patients were orally administered with Edotinib hydrochloride tablets till progression.The disease control rate (DCR),median survival time (MST),median time to progress (mTTP),one-year survival rate and incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were compared.RESULTS:The DCR (93.02％) and one-year survival rate (81.40％) in group A were obviously higher than that of group B (72.09％,60.47％) (P＜0.05),MST [(15.47 ± 2.87) month] and mTTP [(182.00 ± 8.24) d] were obviously longer than that of group B [(12.55 ± 2.92) month,(162.00 ± 7.22) d] (P＜0.01).There was no statistical significance in the incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups (P＞0.05),and there were no severe adverse reactions.CONCLUSIONS:For patients with late NSCLC,erlotinib shows superior efficacy in patients with EGFR exon 19 mutation to patients with EGFR exon 21 mutation.
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Objective To isolate human dental pulp stem cells and cultivate them in 2D and 3D.Methods Dental pulps were separated from the second premolars and digested by collagenase type Ⅰ and dispase.Dental pulp stem cells were obtained and identified.The proliferation of dental pulp stem cells cultivated in 2D and 3D was compared.Results There were clonogenic cells in human dental pulp.Some dental pulp stem cells could be differentiated into myocytes and odontoblasts.The cell density was increased to 4.12 times of the primary density in 2D culture and 11.06 times in 3D culture.After 3D culture,the biological properties of dental pulp stem cells remained.Conclusion Human dental pulp stem cells were successfully isolated and cultivated from the second premolars.3D culture is a suitable way to expand dental pulp stem cells.