RESUMEN
Angiogenesis refers to the formation of new blood vessels from existing blood vessels, including endothelial progenitor cells differentiation and cytokine regulation. Circular RNAs, a type of non-coding RNA, are a stable and conservative endogenous transcriptional product with a circular structure that is produced by the reverse and scrambled splicing of mRNA precursors. They can be used as microRNA sponges, are involved in transcription and protein translation, and regulate the pathophysiological processes of various diseases. Recent studies have shown that circRNAs can regulate angiogenesis by regulating vascular endothelial cell function. In this review, we summarize the angiogenic mechanism; the biogenesis, properties and biological function of circRNAs; and their roles in regulating angiogenesis. We also discuss their potential implications for clinical applications.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/metabolismo , Células Endoteliales/metabolismo , Endotelio Vascular/metabolismo , Neovascularización Fisiológica , ARN Circular/metabolismo , Animales , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/genética , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/fisiopatología , Células Progenitoras Endoteliales/metabolismo , Endotelio Vascular/fisiopatología , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Humanos , Neovascularización Fisiológica/genética , ARN Circular/genética , Transducción de SeñalRESUMEN
Angiogenesis is the process of growing endothelial capillary cells. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that are rich in miRNAs. Studies have shown that exosomes can carry communication between cells and various tissues by delivering miRNAs to their target organs and cells. It has been repeatedly proven that miRNAs regulate the expression of growth factors and other proteins in endothelial cells through paracrine signalling and participate in the physiological and pathological processes of angiogenesis. In the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, exosome-derived microRNAs can play important roles as biomarkers and drug carriers. In this review, we introduce the characteristics of miRNAs and exosomes and their interactions. Then, we specifically summarize the exosome-derived miRNAs related to angiogenesis, and we discuss the potential uses of exosome-derived miRNAs for diagnosing and treating cardiovascular diseases. Graphical abstract.