Inhibitory activity of chemical constituents from Arenaria serpyllifolia on nitric oxide production.

Five new compounds, including one new xanthone, 1-hydroxy-5-methoxyxanthone 6-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (1), one new lignan, 3-(ß-D-glucopyranosyloxymethyl)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-5-(3-acetoxypropyl)-7-methoxy-(2R,3S)-dihydrobenzofuran (2), and three new γ-pyrones, japonicumone A 4'-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (3), japonicumone B 3'-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (4), and japonicumone B 4'-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (5), together with eight known compounds (6-13) were isolated from the whole plants of Arenaria serpyllifolia. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis (UV, IR, HRESIMS, 1D- and 2D-NMR, and CD) as well as chemical methods. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Compounds 1-5, sacranoside A (9), and pedunculoside (13) showed potential nitric oxide inhibitory activities with IC50 values ranging from 14.92 µM to 52.23 µM.

Polygalins D-G, four new flavonol glycosides from the aerial parts of Polygala sibirica L. (Polygalaceae).

Four new flavonol glycosides (1-4), polygalins D-G, together with 12 known flavonoids (5-16) were isolated from the aerial parts of Polygala sibirica L. The chemical structures of these compounds were characterised by NMR and ESI-MS spectroscopic data and acid hydrolysis results. This report is a continuous research work on the systematic chemical investigations of plants of the genus Polygala in our laboratory.