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1.
Pak J Pharm Sci ; 33(2): 685-694, 2020 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32276915

RESUMEN

Curcumin (Diferuloylmethane) is a natural product extracted from the root of Curcuma longa. 5-Bis (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-N-methyl-4-piperidone, the piperidone analogue of curcumin (PAC), was one of the analogues that, demonstrated potential anticancer effects against breast and colon cancers compared with native curcumin. A simple, accurate, and rapid isocratic reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analytical method utilizing UV detection was developed and validated for the determination of PAC utilizing C18 column with run time was 7 min. Chromatogram showed a peak of PAC at retention time of 5.8±0.92 min. The method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection, limit of quantitation and robustness. Linear relationship (r > 0.99) was observed between AUP of PAC and the corresponding concentrations over 100-10000µg/mL. The LOQ of this assay was 3.9ng/mL with a corresponding relative standard deviation of 4.8 and 4.0%. The LOD was 13.1ng/mL at a signal-to-noise ratio of >3.


Asunto(s)
Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/métodos , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/normas , Curcumina/análisis , Curcumina/química , Piperidonas/análisis , Piperidonas/química , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/métodos , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/normas , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados
2.
Int J Mol Sci ; 20(14)2019 Jul 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31336981

RESUMEN

In this work, we employed a non-linear programming (NLP) approach via quantitative structure-retention relationships (QSRRs) modelling for prediction of elution order in reversed phase-liquid chromatography. With our rapid and efficient approach, error in prediction of retention time is sacrificed in favor of decreasing the error in elution order. Two case studies were evaluated: (i) analysis of 62 organic molecules on the Supelcosil LC-18 column; and (ii) analysis of 98 synthetic peptides on seven reversed phase-liquid chromatography (RP-LC) columns with varied gradients and column temperatures. On average across all the columns, all the chromatographic conditions and all the case studies, percentage root mean square error (%RMSE) of retention time exhibited a relative increase of 29.13%, while the %RMSE of elution order a relative decrease of 37.29%. Therefore, sacrificing %RMSE(tR) led to a considerable increase in the elution order predictive ability of the QSRR models across all the case studies. Results of our preliminary study show that the real value of the developed NLP-based method lies in its ability to easily obtain better-performing QSRR models that can accurately predict both retention time and elution order, even for complex mixtures, such as proteomics and metabolomics mixtures.


Asunto(s)
Cromatografía de Fase Inversa , Modelos Químicos , Dinámicas no Lineales , Relación Estructura-Actividad Cuantitativa , Algoritmos , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/métodos , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/normas , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados
3.
J Proteome Res ; 16(2): 1061-1068, 2017 02 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28067524

RESUMEN

Comprehensive analysis of post-translational modifications (PTMs) often depends on the purification of modified peptides prior to LC-MS/MS. The implementation of these enrichment methods requires thorough knowledge of the experimental conditions to achieve optimal selectivity and sensitivity. In this regard, large-scale analysis of lysine acetylation, a key PTM for multiple cellular processes, makes use of monoclonal pan-antibodies designed against this moiety. We report that the immuno-purification of lysine-acetylated peptides is hampered by the copurification of lysine carbamylated peptides, a frequent urea artifact. This specific interaction can be explained by the similar chemical structures of lysine acetylation and lysine carbamylation. As an alternative, we propose a sample preparation protocol based on sodium deoxycholate that eliminates these artifacts and dramatically improves the selectivity and sensitivity of this immuno-purification assay.


Asunto(s)
Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/normas , Técnicas de Inmunoadsorción/normas , Lisina/química , Procesamiento Proteico-Postraduccional , Proteoma/aislamiento & purificación , Urea/química , Acetilación , Anticuerpos/química , Artefactos , Cromatografía Liquida , Ácido Desoxicólico/química , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Proteoma/química , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem
4.
Acta Pol Pharm ; 74(2): 379-383, 2017 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29624242

RESUMEN

A simple, efficient, accurate and selective HPLC method has been developed and validated successfully for the estimation of 5-fluorouracil in rabbit plasma. The drug was eluted by using Supelco C18 column (1.5 cm x 4.6 mm, 5 µm) with a mobile phase consisting of methanol and water (20: 80, v/v) by adjusting pH at 3.2, using perchloric acid solution. The retention time was found to be 4.107 with a flow rate of I mL/min. Multiple validation parameters evaluated with high accuracy indicating that the current method sufficiently qualifies the recommended criteria. Regression value obtained from linearity curve was R² = 0.999 and percentage recovery obtained was ranged from 96.6 to 102.5%. A fine response in short run time with perfect resolution made the method highly suitable for pharmacokinetic studies.


Asunto(s)
Antimetabolitos Antineoplásicos/sangre , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa , Monitoreo de Drogas/métodos , Fluorouracilo/sangre , Animales , Antimetabolitos Antineoplásicos/farmacocinética , Tampones (Química) , Calibración , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/normas , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/normas , Fluorouracilo/farmacocinética , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Límite de Detección , Modelos Lineales , Metanol/química , Percloratos/química , Conejos , Estándares de Referencia , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Solventes/química , Agua/química
5.
Pak J Pharm Sci ; 30(1): 143-147, 2017 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28603124

RESUMEN

The objective of this study was validation of a reverse phase HPLC method for the estimation of metoclopramide HCl in plasma already validated for determination of metoclopramide HCl in tablets dosage form. A reverse chromatographic method was used for estimation of metoclopramide HCl with the mobile phase of acetonitrile, 20mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer solution (pH 3.0 adjusted with orthophosphoric acid) in the ratio of 40: 60. The column used was Waters C18 3.9×300mm µBondapak (RP). The flow rate of the mobile phase was 2ml/ minute. The detector was set at the wavelength of 275nm. This method validated in plasma and was found to be linear, with correlation coefficient (R2), value of 0.9988, in the range of 48 ng/ml-0.25ng/ml. The method modified was accurate, precise, sensitive and showed good stability results. The % RSD of the retention time and peak area of metoclopramide HCl was 0.19% and 1.44% respectively. All the parameters such as specificity, linearity, range, accuracy, precision, system suitability, solution stability, detection and quantification limits were evaluated to validate this method and were found within the acceptance limits. The method can be effectively used for estimation of metoclopramide HCl in plasma.


Asunto(s)
Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa , Antagonistas de los Receptores de Dopamina D2/sangre , Metoclopramida/sangre , Calibración , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/normas , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/normas , Antagonistas de los Receptores de Dopamina D2/farmacocinética , Estabilidad de Medicamentos , Humanos , Límite de Detección , Modelos Lineales , Metoclopramida/farmacocinética , Estándares de Referencia , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados
6.
Pak J Pharm Sci ; 30(5): 1767-1777, 2017 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29084700

RESUMEN

The absence of chromophore and/or conjugated system, prerequisite for UV and florescent light detection, or absorbance at very low wavelength necessitates the development of simple and reliable methods for the determination of amikacin sulphate. Therefore, the present study describes for the first time dynamics of the drug derivatization using ninhydrin reagent and development and validation of a simple RP-HPLC method, using diode array detector (DAD). The variables such as heating time, heating type, drug-reagent ratio, reagent composition and storage temperature of the derivative were optimized. The analyte and aqueous ninhydrin solution upon heating for 2.00-5.00 min produced the colored drug-derivative which was stable for one month at refrigeration. The derivatized drug (20.00µL) was eluted through a column - Eclipse DB-C18 (5.00 µm, 4.60×150.00 mm), maintained at 25°C- using isocratic mobile phase comprising water and acetonitrile (70:30, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.00 mL/min, and detected at 400 nm. The method was found to be reliable (98.08-100.72% recovery), repeatable (98.02-100.72% intraday accuracy) and reproducible (98.47-101.27% inter day accuracy) with relative standard deviation less than 5%. The results of the present study indicate that the method is easy to perform, specific and sensitive, and suitable to be used for the determination of amikacin sulphate in bulk and pharmaceutical preparations using less expensive/laborious derivatization.


Asunto(s)
Amicacina/análisis , Antibacterianos/análisis , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/métodos , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/métodos , Calibración , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/normas , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/normas , Límite de Detección , Estándares de Referencia , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados
7.
Pak J Pharm Sci ; 30(1): 23-28, 2017 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28603108

RESUMEN

The main objective of present study was to develop a RP-HPLC method for estimation of Armodafinil in pharmaceutical dosage forms and characterization of its base hydrolytic product. The method was developed for Armodafinil estimation and base hydrolytic products were characterized. The separation was carried out on C18 column by using mobile phase as mixture of water and methanol (45:55%v/v). Eluents were detected at 220nm at 1ml/min. Stress studies were performed with milder conditions followed by stronger conditions so as to get sufficient degradation around 20%. A total of five degradation products were detected and separated from analyte. The linearity of the proposed method was investigated in the range of 20-120µg/ml for Armodafinil. The detection limit and quantification limit was found to be 0.01183µg/ml and 0.035µg/ml respectively. The precision % RSD was found to be less than 2% and the recovery was between 98-102%. Armodafinil was found to be more sensitive to the base hydrolysis and yielded its carboxylic acid as degradant. The developed method was stability indicating assay, suitable to quantify Armodafinil in presence of possible degradants. The drug was sensitive to acid, base &photolytic stress and resistant to thermal &oxidation.


Asunto(s)
Compuestos de Bencidrilo/análisis , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa , Tecnología Farmacéutica/métodos , Promotores de la Vigilia/análisis , Calibración , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/normas , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/normas , Formas de Dosificación , Composición de Medicamentos , Contaminación de Medicamentos , Estabilidad de Medicamentos , Hidrólisis , Modelos Lineales , Modafinilo , Estándares de Referencia , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Tecnología Farmacéutica/normas
8.
Pak J Pharm Sci ; 30(5(Supplementary)): 2021-2024, 2017 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29105638

RESUMEN

In the present work a specific, accurate, precise, and reproducible UV-HPLC method was developed and validated for the analysis of Aceclofenac. This method involved elution of Aceclofenac in a mobile phase which is composed of buffer pH 6.8 (i.e. using 0.01N KH2PO4) and HPLC grade Acetonitrile (60:40). Separation of the analyte was achieved using HPLC isocratic pump attached to the UV-VIS detectorC18, guard column and C18 column. The injection volume was 20µL, detected at 274 nm; flow rate: 1mL/min. Standard calibration curve was measured and found linear from 0.1 to 40µg/ml. The validation parameters were measured according to FDA guidelines and successful results were obtained. The presented analytical method could be employed for pharmacokinetic studies.


Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/análisis , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa , Diclofenaco/análogos & derivados , Solventes/química , Agua/química , Calibración , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/normas , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/normas , Diclofenaco/análisis , Estándares de Referencia , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Solubilidad , Espectrofotometría Ultravioleta
9.
J Proteome Res ; 15(3): 1090-102, 2016 Mar 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26775667

RESUMEN

This study introduces a new reversed-phase liquid chromatography retention time (RT) standard, RePLiCal (Reversed-phase liquid chromatography calibrant), produced using QconCAT technology. The synthetic protein contains 27 lysine-terminating calibrant peptides, meaning that the same complement of standards can be generated using either Lys-C or trypsin-based digestion protocols. RePLiCal was designed such that each constituent peptide is unique with respect to all eukaryotic proteomes, thereby enabling integration into a wide range of proteomic analyses. RePLiCal has been benchmarked against three commercially available peptide RT standard kits and outperforms all in terms of LC gradient coverage. RePLiCal also provides a higher number of calibrant points for chromatographic retention time standardization and normalization. The standard provides stable RTs over long analysis times and can be readily transferred between different LC gradients and nUHPLC instruments. Moreover, RePLiCal can be used to predict RTs for other peptides in a timely manner. Furthermore, it is shown that RePLiCal can be used effectively to evaluate trapping column performance for nUHPLC instruments using trap-elute configurations, to optimize gradients to maximize peptide and protein identification rates, and to recalibrate the m/z scale of mass spectrometry data post-acquisition.


Asunto(s)
Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/normas , Proteómica/normas , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/química , Estándares de Referencia , Proteínas de Saccharomyces cerevisiae/química , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem
10.
J Proteome Res ; 15(7): 2346-54, 2016 07 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27255222

RESUMEN

Analysis of small biological samples would benefit from an efficient microscale fractionation strategy that minimizes sample handling, transfer steps, and accompanying losses. Here we describe a microscale basic reverse phase liquid chromatographic (bRPLC) fractionation method that offers high reproducibility and efficiency for peptide mixtures from small (5-20 µg) samples. We applied our platform to detect differentially expressed proteins from lung tumor cell lines that are sensitive (11-18) and resistant (11-18R) to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib. Label-free analyses of 5-20 µg samples yielded identifications of approximately 3,200 to 4,000 proteins with coefficients of variation of 1.9-8.9% in replicate analyses. iTRAQ analyses produced similar protein inventories. Label-free and iTRAQ analyses displayed high concordance in identifications of proteins differentially expressed in 11-18 and 11-18R cells. Micro-bRPLC fractionation of cell proteomes increased sensitivity by an average of 4.5-fold in targeted quantitation using parallel reaction monitoring for three representative receptor tyrosine kinases (EGFR, PDGFRA, and BMX), which are present at low abundance in 11-18 and 11-18R cells. These data illustrate the broad utility of micro-bRPLC fractionation for global and targeted proteomic analyses. Data are available through Proteome eXchange Accession PXD003604.


Asunto(s)
Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/normas , Proteoma/efectos de los fármacos , Proteómica/métodos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Fraccionamiento Químico , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/métodos , Resistencia a Medicamentos , Clorhidrato de Erlotinib/farmacología , Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Miniaturización , Proteínas de Neoplasias/análisis
11.
J Sep Sci ; 38(4): 562-70, 2015 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25521603

RESUMEN

The counterfeiting of pharmaceuticals has been detected since about 1990 and has alarmingly continued to pick up steam. We have been recently involved in an evaluation program of some of the most commonly prescribed cardiovascular drugs in Africa, for analysing an important number of tablets or capsules obtained from different places in seven African countries. A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated to simultaneously control the identity and the quantity of acenocoumarol, amlodipine, atenolol, captopril, furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide and simvastatin in tablets. Their separation was performed on a Kinetex® C(18) (100 mm × 2.1 mm inside diameter, 2.6 µm) column using a gradient elution of 20 mM ammonium formate buffer and acetonitrile (90:10 10:90 v/v) at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. The analytes were detected using electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry in both positive and negative modes with multiple reaction monitoring. Tandem mass spectrometry fragmentation patterns of captopril, furosemide and acenocoumarol, up to now not detailed in the literature, were also studied to assist in the selection of the most relevant transitions towards the objectives. The developed method was validated as per International Conference on Harmonisation guidelines with respect to specificity, linearity, trueness, precision, limits of detection and quantification. It has been successfully applied to the control of oral forms of seven cardiovascular drugs collected in African countries.


Asunto(s)
Fármacos Cardiovasculares/química , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/métodos , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem/métodos , África , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/normas , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/métodos , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/normas , Contaminación de Medicamentos/prevención & control , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem/normas
12.
Pak J Pharm Sci ; 28(6): 2041-51, 2015 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26639498

RESUMEN

Two new hydrolytic products of letrozole were identified and proved to be true degradation products obtained by alkaline and acidic degradation of the drug. The acid and amide forms of the nitrile groups of letrozole were prepared and identified by IR and mass spectroscopic techniques. Subsequently, a simple, precise and selective stability-indicating RPLC method was developed and validated for the determination of letrozole in the presence of its degradation products. Letrozole was subjected to alkali and acid hydrolysis, oxidation, thermal degradation and photo-degradation. The degradation products were well isolated from letrozole. The chromatographic method was achieved using gradient elution of the drug and its degradation products on a reversed phase Zorbax Eclipse C18 column (100mm x 4.6mm, 3.5 µm) using a mobile phase consisting of 0.01M KH2PO4and methanol at a flow rate of 1 mL min⁻¹. Quantitation was achieved with UV detection at 230 nm. Linearity, accuracy and precision were found to be acceptable over the concentration range of 0.01-80 µgmL⁻¹. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of letrozole in bulk, plasma and in its pharmaceutical preparation.


Asunto(s)
Inhibidores de la Aromatasa/química , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa , Contaminación de Medicamentos , Nitrilos/química , Tecnología Farmacéutica/métodos , Triazoles/química , Inhibidores de la Aromatasa/sangre , Calibración , Química Farmacéutica , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/normas , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/normas , Estabilidad de Medicamentos , Calor , Humanos , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Hidrólisis , Letrozol , Modelos Lineales , Espectrometría de Masas , Nitrilos/sangre , Oxidación-Reducción , Fotólisis , Estándares de Referencia , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Tecnología Farmacéutica/normas , Triazoles/sangre
13.
Pak J Pharm Sci ; 28(6): 2083-9, 2015 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26639501

RESUMEN

Pinoresinol diglucoside (PD), a typical marker compound in Ecommia ulmoides Oliv., is an important and natural antihypertensive drug. A selective, sensitive, and rapid liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) analytical method was developed for the determination of PD in rats. After simple protein precipitation with acetonitrile, chromatographic separation of PD was conducted using a reversed-phase ZORBAX SB C18 analytical column (4.6mm × 150 mm, 5 µm particles) with a mobile phase of 10mM ammonium acetate-methanol-acetic acid (50:50:0.15, v/v/v) and quantified by selected reaction monitoring mode under positive electrospray ionization condition. The chromatographic run time was 3.4 min for each sample, in which the retention times of PD and the internal standard were 2.87 and 2.65 min, respectively. The calibration curves were linear over the range of 1.00~3000 ng/mL and the lower limit of quantification was 1.00 ng/mL in rat plasma. The precision expressed by relative standard deviations were <8.9% for intra-batch precision and <2.0% for inter-batch precision, and the intra- and inter-batch accuracy by relative error was within the range of -3.9% ~7.3%, which met acceptable criteria. The LC-MS/MS method was successfully applied to investigate the pharmacokinetics and oral bioavailability of PD in rats, with the bioavailability being only 2.5%.


Asunto(s)
Antihipertensivos/sangre , Antihipertensivos/farmacocinética , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa , Lignanos/sangre , Lignanos/farmacocinética , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem , Administración Oral , Animales , Antihipertensivos/administración & dosificación , Disponibilidad Biológica , Calibración , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/normas , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/normas , Estabilidad de Medicamentos , Inyecciones Intravenosas , Lignanos/administración & dosificación , Modelos Lineales , Masculino , Ratas Wistar , Estándares de Referencia , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Espectrometría de Masa por Ionización de Electrospray , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem/normas
14.
Anal Chem ; 86(1): 559-66, 2014 Jan 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24328391

RESUMEN

The elution profile of chromatographic peaks provides fundamental understanding of the processes that occur in the mobile phase and the stationary phase. Major advances have been made in the column chemistry and suppressor technology in ion chromatography (IC) to handle a variety of sample matrices and ions. However, if the samples contain high concentrations of matrix ions, the overloaded peak elution profile is distorted. Consequently, the trace peaks shift their positions in the chromatogram in a manner that depends on the peak shape of the overloading analyte. In this work, the peak shapes in IC are examined from a fundamental perspective. Three commercial IC columns AS16, AS18, and AS23 were studied with borate, hydroxide and carbonate as suppressible eluents. Monovalent ions (chloride, bromide, and nitrate) are used as model analytes under analytical (0.1 mM) to overload conditions (10-500 mM). Both peak fronting and tailing are observed. On the basis of competitive Langmuir isotherms, if the eluent anion is more strongly retained than the analyte ion on an ion exchanger, the analyte peak is fronting. If the eluent is more weakly retained on the stationary phase, the analyte peak always tails under overload conditions regardless of the stationary phase capacity. If the charge of the analyte and eluent anions are different (e.g., Br(-) vs CO3(2-)), the analyte peak shapes depend on the eluent concentration in a more complex pattern. It was shown that there are interesting similarities with peak distortions due to strongly retained mobile phase components in other modes of liquid chromatography.


Asunto(s)
Cromatografía por Intercambio Iónico/normas , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/normas , Cromatografía por Intercambio Iónico/métodos , Cromatografía Liquida/métodos , Cromatografía Liquida/normas , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/métodos
15.
Anal Chem ; 86(19): 9451-8, 2014 Oct 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25188676

RESUMEN

The efficiency of chromatographic separations decreases markedly when peaks exhibit asymmetry (e.g., "peak tailing"). Theoretically, these effects can arise from heterogeneous adsorption kinetics. To investigate the nature and consequences of such heterogeneity, we used a combination of single-molecule imaging and reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC). In both single-molecule and macroscopic RPLC experiments, the stationary phase was hydrophobic end-capped (trimethylsilyl-functionalized) silica, which we exposed to different methanol/water solutions (50%-62% methanol), containing a fluorescent fatty acid analyte. Super-resolution maps based on single-molecule observations revealed rare, strong adsorption sites with activity that varied significantly with methanol concentration. The adsorption and desorption kinetics on the strong sites were heterogeneous and positively correlated, suggesting a broad underlying distribution of site binding energies. Adsorption equilibrium on the strong sites was more sensitive to solution conditions than overall retention measured in RPLC experiments, suggesting that the effect of strong sites on the overall adsorption kinetics should change with solution conditions. Interestingly, in RPLC experiments, peak tailing had a nonmonotonic dependence on methanol concentration within the range studied. Using the stochastic model of chromatography, we showed quantitatively that our single-molecule kinetic results were consistent with this macroscopic trend. This approach to identifying and quantifying adsorption sites should be useful for designing better chromatographic separations and for identifying the role of heterogeneous surface chemistry in molecular dynamics.


Asunto(s)
Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/normas , Ácidos Grasos/aislamiento & purificación , Dióxido de Silicio/química , Compuestos de Trimetilsililo/química , Compuestos de Boro/química , Colorantes Fluorescentes/química , Interacciones Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , Cinética , Metanol , Simulación de Dinámica Molecular , Imagen Molecular/métodos , Solventes , Electricidad Estática , Agua
16.
Exp Parasitol ; 141: 28-38, 2014 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24657574

RESUMEN

Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei. Although trypanosomes are well-studied model organisms, only little is known about their adenine and guanine nucleotide pools. Besides being building blocks of RNA and DNA, these nucleotides are also important modulators of diverse biochemical cellular processes. Adenine nucleotides also play an important role in the regulation of metabolic energy. The energetic state of cells is evaluated by the energy charge which gives information about how much energy is available in form of high energy phosphate bonds of adenine nucleotides. A sensitive and reproducible ion-pair RP-HPLC/UV method was developed and optimized, allowing the quantification of guanine and adenine nucleosides/nucleotides in T. brucei. With this method, the purine levels and their respective ratios were investigated in trypanosomes during logarithmic, stationary and senescent growth phases. Results of this study showed that all adenine and guanine purines under investigation were in the low mM range. The energy charge was found to decrease from logarithmic to static and to senescent phase whereas AMP/ATP, ADP/ATP and GDP/GTP ratios increased in the same order. In addition, the AMP/ATP ratio varied as the square of the ADP/ATP ratio, indicating AMP to be the key energy sensor molecule in trypanosomes.


Asunto(s)
Nucleótidos de Adenina/análisis , Adenosina/análisis , Nucleótidos de Guanina/análisis , Trypanosoma brucei brucei/química , Trypanosoma brucei brucei/crecimiento & desarrollo , Nucleótidos de Adenina/metabolismo , Adenosina/metabolismo , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/métodos , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/normas , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/métodos , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/normas , Nucleótidos de Guanina/metabolismo , Humanos , Límite de Detección , Control de Calidad , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Rayos Ultravioleta
17.
Anal Chem ; 85(14): 6608-16, 2013 Jul 16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23772827

RESUMEN

In proteomics, comprehensive analysis of peptides mixtures necessitates multiple dimensions of separation prior to mass spectrometry analysis to reduce sample complexity and increase the dynamic range of analysis. The main goal of this work was to improve the performance of (online) multidimensional protein identification technology (MudPIT) in terms of sensitivity, compatibility and recovery. The method employs weak anion and strong cation mixed-bed ion exchange chromatography (ACE) in the first separation dimension and reversed phase chromatography (RP) in the second separation dimension (Motoyama et.al. Anal. Chem 2007, 79, 3623-34.). We demonstrated that the chromatographic behavior of peptides in ACE chromatography depends on both the WAX/SCX mixing ratio as the ionic strength of the mobile phase system. This property allowed us to replace the conventional salt gradient by a (discontinuous) salt-free, pH gradient. First dimensional separation of peptides was accomplished with mixtures of aqueous formic acid and dimethylsulfoxide with increasing concentrations. The overall performance of this mobile phase system was found comparable to ammonium acetate buffers in application to ACE chromatography, but clearly outperformed strong cation exchange for use in first dimensional peptide separation. The dramatically improved compatibility between (salt-free) ion exchange chromatography and reversed phase chromatography-mass spectrometry allowed us to downscale the dimensions of the RP analytical column down to 25 µm i.d. for an additional 2- to 3-fold improvement in performance compared to current technology. The achieved levels of sensitivity, orthogonality, and compatibility demonstrates the potential of salt-free ACE MudPIT for the ultrasensitive, multidimensional analysis of very modest amounts of sample material.


Asunto(s)
Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/métodos , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/normas , Péptidos/análisis , Cromatografía por Intercambio Iónico/métodos , Cromatografía por Intercambio Iónico/normas , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno
18.
BMC Biochem ; 14: 25, 2013 Oct 16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24131771

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MCM) is an adenosylcobalamin-dependent enzyme that catalyses the interconversion of (2R)-methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA. In humans, a deficit in activity of MCM, due to an impairment of intracellular formation of adenosylcobalamin and methylcobalamin results in a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from moderate to fatal. Consequently, MCM is the subject of abundant literature. However, there is a lack of consensus on the reliable method to monitor its activity. This metabolic pathway is highly solicited in ruminants because it is essential for the utilization of propionate formed during ruminal fermentation. In lactating dairy cows, propionate is the major substrate for glucose formation. In present study, a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was optimized and validated to evaluate MCM activity in bovine liver. The major aim of the study was to describe the conditions to optimize reproducibility of the method and to determine stability of the enzyme and its product during storage and processing of samples. RESULTS: Specificity of the method was good, as there was no interfering peak from liver extract at the retention times corresponding to methylmalonyl-CoA or succinyl-CoA. Repeatability of the method was improved as compared to previous RP-HPLC published data. Using 66 µg of protein, intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) of specific activities, ranged from 0.90 to 8.05% and the CV inter-day was 7.40%. Storage and processing conditions (frozen homogenate of fresh tissue vs. fresh homogenate of tissue snapped in liquid nitrogen) did not alter the enzyme activity. The analyte was also stable in liver crude extract for three frozen/thawed cycles when stored at -20°C and thawed to room temperature. CONCLUSIONS: The improved method provides a way for studying the effects of stages of lactation, diet composition, and physiology in cattle on MCM activity over long periods of time, such as a complete lactation period. Interestingly, this sensitive and accurate method could benefit the study of the cobalamin status in experimental studies and clinical cases.


Asunto(s)
Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa , Pruebas de Enzimas/métodos , Hígado/enzimología , Metilmalonil-CoA Mutasa/metabolismo , Animales , Biocatálisis , Bovinos , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/normas , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/normas , Semivida , Metilmalonil-CoA Mutasa/farmacocinética , Metilmalonil-CoA Mutasa/normas , Estabilidad Proteica , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Temperatura
19.
Acta Pol Pharm ; 70(4): 631-41, 2013.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23923387

RESUMEN

A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method with UV and DAD detection for the quantitative determination of linezolid in human serum was developed in present work. Chromatography was carried out by reversed-phase technique on a RP-18 column with a mobile phase composed of 50 mM phosphate buffer and acetonitrile (76 : 26, v/v), adjusted to pH 3.5 with orthophosphoric acid. Serum samples were deproteinized with methanol centrifuged and then, the supernatant was analyzed using HPLC procedure. No interference was observed at the retention times of linezolid from blank serum or ten commonly used antibiotics. A concentration range from 0.50 to 30.0 g/mL was utilized to construct calibration curves. The lower limit of detection was determined to be 0.1 microg/mL of serum for both detectors. The lower limit of quantification of 0.25 microg/mL (CV = 2.6%) was established for determination using HPLC-UV and 0.5 microg/mL (CV = 5.42%) for HPLC-DAD. The recovery of linezolid was approximately 100%. Intra-day accuracy ranged from 0.97 to 12.63% and 0.74 to 10.85% for HPLC-UV and HPLC-DAD method, respectively. Intra-day precision was less than 4.69% for HPLC-UV and less than 5.42% for HPLC-DAD method. Tests confirmed the stability of linezolid in serum during three freeze-thaw cycles and during long-term storage of frozen serum for up to 6 weeks; in extracts it was stable in the HPLC autosampler over 24 h. Statistical analysis by Student's t-test showed no significant difference between the results obtained by these two methods. In summary, these methods will be used and adapted for infected patients in intensive care unit, to determine linezolid serum concentrations in order to know the pharmacokinetic profiles of linezolid.


Asunto(s)
Acetamidas/sangre , Antiinfecciosos/sangre , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa , Oxazolidinonas/sangre , Espectrofotometría Ultravioleta , Acetamidas/farmacocinética , Acetonitrilos/química , Antiinfecciosos/farmacocinética , Tampones (Química) , Calibración , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/normas , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/normas , Frío , Estabilidad de Medicamentos , Humanos , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Límite de Detección , Linezolid , Metanol/química , Oxazolidinonas/farmacocinética , Ácidos Fosfóricos/química , Estándares de Referencia , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Espectrofotometría Ultravioleta/normas
20.
Pak J Pharm Sci ; 26(5): 961-6, 2013 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24035953

RESUMEN

An easy, fast and validated RV-HPLC method was invented to quantify donepezil hydrochloride in drug solution and orally disintegrating tablet. The separation was carried out using reversed phase C-18 column (Agilent Eclipse Plus C-18) with UV detection at 268 nm. Method optimization was tested using various composition of organic solvent. The mobile phase comprised of phosphate buffer (0.01M), methanol and acetonitrile (50:30:20, v/v) adjusted to pH 2.7 with phosphoric acid (80%) was found as the optimum mobile phase. The method showed intraday precision and accuracy in the range of 0.24% to -1.83% and -1.83% to 1.99% respectively, while interday precision and accuracy ranged between 1.41% to 1.81% and 0.11% to 1.90% respectively. The standard calibration curve was linear from 0.125 µg/mL to 16 µg/mL, with correlation coefficient of 0.9997±0.00016. The drug solution was stable under room temperature at least for 6 hours. System suitability studies were done. The average plate count was > 2000, tailing factor <1, and capacity factor of 3.30. The retention time was 5.6 min. The HPLC method was used to assay donepezil hydrochloride in tablet and dissolution study of in-house manufactured donepezil orally disintegrating tablet and original Aricept.


Asunto(s)
Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa , Indanos/análisis , Piperidinas/análisis , Tecnología Farmacéutica/métodos , Acetonitrilos/química , Administración Oral , Tampones (Química) , Calibración , Química Farmacéutica , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/normas , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa/normas , Donepezilo , Estabilidad de Medicamentos , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Indanos/administración & dosificación , Límite de Detección , Metanol/química , Ácidos Fosfóricos/química , Piperidinas/administración & dosificación , Estándares de Referencia , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Solubilidad , Solventes/química , Comprimidos , Tecnología Farmacéutica/normas , Factores de Tiempo
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