RESUMEN
The design, synthesis, and SAR of a series of ring-constrained norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors are described. A substantially rigid inhibitor with potent functional activity at the transporter (IC(50)=8 nM) was used to develop a model for the distance and orientation of key features necessary for interaction with the norepinephrine transporter (NET).
Asunto(s)
Inhibidores de Captación Adrenérgica/síntesis química , Inhibidores de Captación Adrenérgica/farmacología , Proteínas de Transporte de Noradrenalina a través de la Membrana Plasmática/síntesis química , Proteínas de Transporte de Noradrenalina a través de la Membrana Plasmática/farmacología , Aminas/química , Clorhidrato de Atomoxetina , Sitios de Unión , Línea Celular , Química Farmacéutica/métodos , Desipramina/química , Diseño de Fármacos , Humanos , Concentración 50 Inhibidora , Modelos Químicos , Conformación Molecular , Propilaminas/química , Relación Estructura-ActividadRESUMEN
The synthesis and SAR of a series of chiral heterocyclic ring-constrained norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors are described. The best compounds compare favorably with atomoxetine in potency (IC(50)s<10 nM), selectivity against the other monoamine transporters, and inhibition of CYP2D6 (IC(50)s>1 microM). In addition, the compounds are generally more stable than atomoxetine to oxidative metabolism and thus are likely to have lower clearance in humans.
Asunto(s)
Inhibidores de Captación Adrenérgica/síntesis química , Inhibidores de Captación Adrenérgica/farmacología , Química Farmacéutica/métodos , Proteínas de Transporte de Noradrenalina a través de la Membrana Plasmática/síntesis química , Proteínas de Transporte de Noradrenalina a través de la Membrana Plasmática/farmacología , Norepinefrina/química , Oxígeno/química , Inhibidores de Captación Adrenérgica/química , Clorhidrato de Atomoxetina , Citocromo P-450 CYP2D6/química , Diseño de Fármacos , Humanos , Concentración 50 Inhibidora , Modelos Químicos , Conformación Molecular , Norepinefrina/metabolismo , Propilaminas/química , Propilaminas/farmacología , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Simportadores/químicaRESUMEN
Desipramine (DMI), talopram and talsupram, three of the most potent norepinephrine transporter (NET) inhibitors reported to date, were radiolabeled in high yields and at high specific radioactivity (58-75 GBq/micromol) by the methylation of nor-precursors with [C-11]methyl triflate. The regional brain distribution of each radioligand following intravenous injection into cynomolgus monkey was examined in vivo with positron emission tomography (PET). For all three radioligands, the regional brain distribution of radioactivity was slightly heterogeneous, with higher uptake of radioactivity in the mesencephalon, thalamus and lower brainstem than in striatum. The rank order of maximal brain radioactivity (as percentage of injected dose) was [C-11]DMI (2.7%) > [C-11]talsupram (1.3%) > [C-11]talopram (0.7%). The appearance of radioactive metabolites in plasma was similar for each radioligand (75-85% of radioactivity in plasma at 45 min). These metabolites were all more polar than their parent radioligand. The data show that these radioligands are inferior to existing radioligands for the study of brain NET with PET in vivo.