Epidemiología de los factores de riesgo vascular en mujeres climatéricas: Experiencia de un consultorio multidisciplinario de climaterio en un hospital público de Buenos Aires / Epidemiology of Vascular Risk Factors in Climacteric Women.: Experience of a Multidisciplinary Climacteric Clinic at a Public Hospital in Buenos Aires
Rev. argent. cardiol
; 81(4): 336-343, ago. 2013. tab
Article
in Es
| LILACS
| ID: lil-708640
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AR1.2
RESUMEN
Introducción En las mujeres, la aparición de eventos vasculares se incrementa luego de la menopausia. Para disminuir su impacto en relación con la morbimortalidad, se deben detectar y controlar los factores de riesgo vascular. Objetivos Analizar los factores de riesgo vascular en mujeres climatéricas. Investigar las diferencias de estos factores entre las premenopáusicas y las posmenopáusicas. Evaluar la presencia de hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus y/o dislipidemia en asociación con la edad y/o la posmenopausia. Material y métodos Estudio de corte transversal de mujeres que consultaron consecutivamente al Consultorio Multidisciplinario de Climaterio entre 2004 y 2009 por síntomas relacionados con alteraciones y/o cese de la menstruación. Se evaluaron edad, presión arterial, perímetro de la cintura (PC), índice de masa corporal (IMC), glucemia, colesterol total, C-HDL, C-LDL, triglicéridos, síndrome metabólico (SM), sedentarismo, tabaquismo (TBQ) y síntomas depresivos. Resultados Se analizaron 440 mujeres, edad 51,4 ± 5,2 años, mediana 51,0 años; el 62,5% eran posmenopáusicas. Se halló hipertensión arterial en el 22,1%, diabetes mellitus en el 4,2%, colesterol total = 200 mg/dl en el 67,7%, C-HDL < 50 mg/dl en el 20,6%, hipertrigliceridemia en el 28,5%, PC > 88 cm en el 45,0%, PC > 80 cm en el 75,1%, IMC > 25 en el 64,5%, SM en el 19,4%, sedentarismo en el 51,7%, TBQ en el 22,5% y síntomas depresivos en el 69,8%. Las posmenopáusicas tuvieron más colesterol total y menor peso. Aquellas con más de 5 años de amenorrea presentaron mayor colesterol total y mayor peso. Las fumadoras fueron más jóvenes. La hipertensión arterial, la diabetes mellitus y la dislipidemia se asociaron con la mayor edad y no con la posmenopausia. Conclusiones Se observaron prevalencias elevadas de dislipidemia, sobrepeso, sedentarismo y síntomas depresivos. La hipertensión arterial, la diabetes mellitus y la dislipidemia se asociaron con el envejecimiento.
ABSTRACT
Background Cardiovascular events in women increase after menopause. In order to reduce their impact on morbidity and mortality, vascular risk factors should be detected and controlled. Objectives The aim of the study was to analyze cardiovascular risk factors in climacteric women comparing differences between pre and postmenopausal women, and to evaluate the presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and/or dyslipidemia in association with age and/or postmenopause. Methods This crosssectional study included all the women who consecutively attended the Multidisciplinary Climacteric Clinic for symptoms related to alterations and/or cessation of menstruation between 2004 and 2009. Age, blood pressure, waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), blood glucose levels, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglycerides, metabolic syndrome (MS), sedentarism, smoking and depression symptoms were evaluated. Results A total of 440 women, 62.5% postmenopausal, with mean age 51.4 ± 5.2 years, and median age 51.0 years were analyzed. Hypertension was found in 22.1% of women, diabetes in 4.2%, total cholesterol = 200 mg/dL in 67.7%, HDL-C < 50 mg/dL in 20.6%, hypertriglyceridemia in 28.5%, WC > 88 cm in 45.0%, WC > 80 cm in 75.1%, BMI > 25 in 64.5%, MS in 19.4%, seden-tarism in 51.7%, smoking in 22.5% and depression symptoms in 69.8%. Postmenopausal women had higher total cholesterol levels and lower weight. Those with more than 5 years of amenorrhea had both higher total cholesterol and weight. Smokers were younger. Hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia were associated with older age but not with postmenopause. Conclusions Dyslipidemia, overweight, sedentarism and depression symptoms were prevalent across all groups. Hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia were associated with aging.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
LILACS
Type of study:
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
/
Screening_studies
Language:
Es
Journal:
Rev. argent. cardiol
Journal subject:
CARDIOLOGIA
/
Doenas Cardiovasculares
Year:
2013
Type:
Article