Sleep-wake disturbances 3 years after traumatic brain injury.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
; 81(12): 1402-5, 2010 Dec.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-20884672
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
6 months after traumatic brain injury (TBI), almost three out of four patients suffer from sleep-wake disturbances (SWD) such as post-traumatic hypersomnia (increased sleep need of ≥2 h compared with before injury), excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), fatigue and insomnia. The long-term course of post-traumatic SWD, however, is unknown.OBJECTIVES:
To assess the prevalence and characteristics of post-traumatic SWD 3 years after trauma.DESIGN:
Prospective longitudinal clinical study in 51 consecutive TBI patients (43 males, eight females, mean age 40±16 years). MAIN OUTCOMEMEASURES:
EDS (as assessed by the Epworth sleepiness scale), fatigue (fatigue severity scale), post-traumatic hypersomnia (sleep length per 24 h), insomnia, depression and anxiety.RESULTS:
Post-traumatic SWD were found in 34 patients (67%) post-traumatic hypersomnia in 14 (27%), EDS in six (12%), fatigue in 18 patients (35%) and insomnia in five patients (10%). SWD were not associated with severity or localisation of, or time interval since, TBI. Insomnia was linked to depressive symptoms.CONCLUSIONS:
This prospective study shows that 3 years after TBI, two out of three patients suffer from residual SWD, particularly fatigue and post-traumatic hypersomnia. In 45% of TBI patients, SWD appear directly related to the trauma itself.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Brain Injury, Chronic
/
Sleep Disorders, Intrinsic
Type of study:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limits:
Adolescent
/
Adult
/
Aged
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
Language:
En
Journal:
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
Year:
2010
Type:
Article