Lactose drives Enterococcus expansion to promote graft-versus-host disease.
Science
; 366(6469): 1143-1149, 2019 11 29.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31780560
ABSTRACT
Disruption of intestinal microbial communities appears to underlie many human illnesses, but the mechanisms that promote this dysbiosis and its adverse consequences are poorly understood. In patients who received allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT), we describe a high incidence of enterococcal expansion, which was associated with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and mortality. We found that Enterococcus also expands in the mouse gastrointestinal tract after allo-HCT and exacerbates disease severity in gnotobiotic models. Enterococcus growth is dependent on the disaccharide lactose, and dietary lactose depletion attenuates Enterococcus outgrowth and reduces the severity of GVHD in mice. Allo-HCT patients carrying lactose-nonabsorber genotypes showed compromised clearance of postantibiotic Enterococcus domination. We report lactose as a common nutrient that drives expansion of a commensal bacterium that exacerbates an intestinal and systemic inflammatory disease.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Enterococcus
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Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
/
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
/
Graft vs Host Disease
/
Lactose
Limits:
Aged
/
Animals
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
Language:
En
Journal:
Science
Year:
2019
Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
United States