Mechanisms of Arterial Stiffening: From Mechanotransduction to Epigenetics.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol
; 40(5): 1055-1062, 2020 05.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32075419
ABSTRACT
Arterial stiffness is a major independent risk factor for cardiovascular complications causing isolated systolic hypertension and increased pulse pressure in the microvasculature of target organs. Stiffening of the arterial wall is determined by common mechanisms including reduced elastin/collagen ratio, production of elastin cross-linking, reactive oxygen species-induced inflammation, calcification, vascular smooth muscle cell stiffness, and endothelial dysfunction. This brief review will discuss current biological mechanisms by which other cardiovascular risk factors (eg, aging, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease) cause arterial stiffness, with a particular focus on recent advances regarding nuclear mechanotransduction, mitochondrial oxidative stress, metabolism and dyslipidemia, genome mutations, and epigenetics. Targeting these different molecular pathways at different time of cardiovascular risk factor exposure may be a novel approach for discovering drugs to reduce arterial stiffening without affecting artery strength and normal remodeling.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Arteries
/
Mechanotransduction, Cellular
/
Epigenesis, Genetic
/
Vascular Stiffness
Type of study:
Etiology_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol
Journal subject:
ANGIOLOGIA
Year:
2020
Type:
Article