Racial and Ethnic Differences in Medical Student Timing and Perceived Quality of Exposure to Urology.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To contextualize the low representation of Under-Represented in Medicine (URiM) in urology, we examine differences in timing and perceived quality of urology clinical and research exposures for medical students across race/ethnicity. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was distributed to all medical students at University of California, Los Angeles. Dependent variables were timing of urology exposure and perceived quality of urology exposure. Descriptive statistics and multivariate analyses were used to compare variables across race/ethnicity. Logistic regression was used to determine odds of early exposure to urology across race/ethnicity. RESULTS: Black and Latinx students were significantly less likely to discover urology before MS3 (P <.001). Although URiM students were more likely to recall receiving a urology interest group invitation (Asian 46%, Black 53%, Latinx 67%, White 48%, P = .03), they were less likely to attend an event (Asian 23%, Black 4%, Latinx 3% and White 15%, P <.001) despite being more likely to be interested in urology (Asian 32%, Black 38%, Latinx 50%, White 28%, P = .01). Black students were more likely to gain exposure via family/friend with a urological diagnosis. Black and Latinx students were twice as dissatisfied with timing and method of medical school exposure to urology versus their peers. There were differences across race/ethnicity for whether or not a student had engaged in urology research (Asian 10%, Black 5%, Latinx 2%, White 2%, P = .01). CONCLUSION: Racial/ethnic disparities exist in early exposure to urology, involvement in urology interest group, access to research, and satisfaction with exposure to urology. Interventions addressing the timing and quality of urology exposures may optimize recruitment of URiM students into urology.