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Pneumococcal colonization and coinfecting respiratory viruses in children under 5 years in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a prospective case-control study.
Wada, Fiseha Wadilo; Desta, Adey Feleke; Gebre, Meseret; Mihret, Wude; Seyoum, Tamrayehu; Melaku, Kalkidan; Alemu, Ashenafi; Howe, Rawleigh; Mulu, Andargachew; Mihret, Adane.
Affiliation
  • Wada FW; Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. fisehawadilo@yahoo.com.
  • Desta AF; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. fisehawadilo@yahoo.com.
  • Gebre M; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Soddo, Ethiopia. fisehawadilo@yahoo.com.
  • Mihret W; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  • Seyoum T; Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  • Melaku K; Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  • Alemu A; Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  • Howe R; Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  • Mulu A; Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  • Mihret A; Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 4174, 2024 02 20.
Article in En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38378681
ABSTRACT
A comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization in conjunction with respiratory virus infections is essential for enhancing our knowledge of the pathogenesis and advancing the development of effective preventive strategies. Therefore, a case-control study was carried out in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia to investigate the colonization rate of S. pneumoniae and its coinfection dynamics with respiratory viruses among children under the age of 5 years. Samples from the nasopharyngeal and/or oropharyngeal, along with socio-demographic and clinical information, were collected from 420 children under 5 years old (210 cases with lower respiratory tract infections and 210 controls with conditions other than respiratory infections.). A one-step Multiplex real-time PCR using the Allplex Respiratory Panel Assays 1-4 was performed to identify respiratory viruses and bacteria. Data analysis was conducted using STATA software version 17. The overall colonization rate of S. pneumoniae in children aged less than 5 years was 51.2% (215/420). The colonization rates in cases and controls were 54.8% (115/210) and 47.6% (100/210), respectively (p = 0.14). Colonization rates were observed to commence at an early age in children, with a colonization rate of 48.9% and 52.7% among infants younger than 6 months controls and cases, respectively. The prevalence of AdV (OR, 3.11; 95% CI [1.31-8.19]), RSV B (OR, 2.53; 95% CI [1.01-6.78]) and HRV (OR, 1.7; 95% CI [1.04-2.78]) tends to be higher in children who tested positive for S. pneumoniae compared to those who tested negative for S. pneumoniae. Further longitudinal research is needed to understand and determine interaction mechanisms between pneumococci and viral pathogens and the clinical implications of this coinfection dynamics.
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Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Respiratory Tract Infections / Viruses / Coinfection Limits: Child / Child, preschool / Humans / Infant Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: En Journal: Sci Rep Year: 2024 Type: Article Affiliation country: Ethiopia

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Respiratory Tract Infections / Viruses / Coinfection Limits: Child / Child, preschool / Humans / Infant Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: En Journal: Sci Rep Year: 2024 Type: Article Affiliation country: Ethiopia