Analysis of the Predictive Efficacy of Serum suPAR Combined with APN and IgE Test and the Relationship of Patients with CHF and Cardiac Function.

ABSTRACT

Background: Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a complex cardiovascular disorder resulting from prolonged heart disease, leading to structural and functional damage, weakened myocardial contraction, and inadequate cardiac output for daily metabolism. The purpose of study is accurate evaluation and early identification of cardiac function and ventricular remodeling through effective biochemical indicators. Methods: This study, conducted from April 2020 to March 2021, included 100 CHF patients meeting the Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Heart Failure 2020 from First People's Hospital of Linping District, ascertaining a confirmed diagnosis based on these established guidelines. The objective of detecting these biomarkers is not for early diagnosis, given that the subjects are already diagnosed according to the guidelines. Instead, our focus is on using these biomarkers to assess disease severity, prognosis, or treatment response in the context of diagnosed CHF patients. Classification comprised 42 ischemic and 58 non-ischemic CHF cases, with NYHA cardiac function grading (I, II, III-IV) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) categorization (≤ 40%, >40%). A control group of 100 healthy volunteers was selected for comparison. SuPAR, APN, and IgE expressions were analyzed among different groups and LVEF categories. Diagnostic efficacy was assessed through ROC curves, and correlations with cardiac function and LVEF were explored. Results: SuPAR, APN, and IgE expressions were significantly higher in CHF patients compared to the control group. Increasing cardiac function grades in CHF patients correlated with a gradual elevation in suPAR, APN, and IgE expressions. Comparing LVEF groups, CHF patients with LVEF ≤ 40% exhibited significantly higher suPAR, APN, and IgE expressions. Combined detection of suPAR, APN, and IgE demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy (AUC of 0.899) compared to individual markers. Positive correlations were observed between suPAR, APN, IgE, and cardiac function grades, while LVEF showed a significant negative correlation with these biomarkers. Conclusions: SuPAR, APN, and IgE expressions are elevated in CHF patients, and their combined detection serves as a highly efficient auxiliary diagnostic method. The findings offer valuable insights into the diagnosis and treatment of CHF patients.